...Jackie Robinson, Why Him? The story of Jackie Robinson has become one of America's most iconic and inspiring stories. Since 1947, American history has portrayed Jackie Robinson as a hero, and he has been idolized as a role model to the African American baseball community. It is an unarguable fact that he was the first to tear down the color barriers within professional baseball. The topic of Robinson’s role in integration has long been a point of discussion amongst baseball historians. Researchers have accumulated thousands of accredited documents and interviews with friends and team mates such as short stop, Pee Wee Reese, and team owner, Branch Rickey. However, few journalists have asked why Robinson was selected and what was Branch Rickey’s motivation? While Robinson was the first Negro player to break into the ranks of professional baseball, it can be argued that he was not the first to attempt the undertaking. In actuality, Jackie possibly was not even the first player the Brooklyn Dodgers’ organization considered for the job. The Warner Brothers film, 42, The Jackie Robinson Story (2013), highlights the accomplishments of Jackie and rightfully so, as he was an amazing man. The story actually starts prior to 1947 and ends years later in 1959, three years after his retirement in 1956. Early in his career at Ohio Wesleyan University, where Branch Rickey played and coached baseball, an incident occurred with one of his young black players, Charlie Thomas, which...
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...relief, straight A’s. Any other student would have still felt if it was all B’s, but I would never. All the other kids don’t care about the big picture, but I do. I’m only in 8th grade, but my biggest worry is college. Some kids aren't going to get a scholarship and go to college, but that’s not an option for me. I have big goals to never make a B and get a scholarship, so I can go to college. Jackie Robinson had big goals too. He did something extraordinary that no one else could. Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball....
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...Intro There are certain people in this world that can be very influential based on their actions. When it comes to breaking the color barriers, many people think of big names like Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King Jr.. Most do not think of those who were influential on the sports side of smashing the racial barriers. Branch Rickey was the most influential person, in baseball, to break down these barriers, who many will over look. If it were not for people like Branch Rickey, we may have never known the names of people like Jackie Robinson and Roberto Clemente. It is crazy to think how different baseball could have been if these players never were given the opportunity to play the game, and it is mostly all thanks to Branch Rickey. History...
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...truths, as evidenced by the ESPN article. The message I gathered from the film was that anything is possible if you can work hard and accept change. The little town of Hickory was very set in its ways and uncooperative of the new basketball coach. Once the town and players learned to accept something different, the team flourished. The argument the film presents is to never count someone out. No matter how small a school or town is, hard work can trump talent and compete with the big boys. The message of acceptance resonates with the viewer and is most likely why Hoosiers is so highly regarded as a sports movie. The historical period that Hoosiers is set in is 1952 rural Indiana. In this time period, people are more centralized around common goals and the entire town knows when someone moves in. There are no televisions and people have to work hard for everything they have. The theme of week 13 was sport and race. In Hoosiers, the only non-white people in the entire film are the players on the opposing team in the state title game. This is most likely indicative of how it might have been in 1950’s Indiana, as there were not as many black players in the rural areas. The time period created a very...
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...Rosa Parks and the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott HIST102 American History since 1877 The civil rights movement in the United States was a struggle against the racial discrimination and segregation the African Americans faced prior to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Dating back nearly 100 years, when the Emancipation Proclamation was issued in 1863, black people in the South had been fighting for equality from the moment they were freed from slavery. There were many events that contributed to the civil rights movement. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was established in 1909. Jackie Robinson broke the color lines of Major League Baseball in 1947. In 1954 Congress overturned the Plessy vs Ferguson ruling, determining that segregated schools naturally unequal. In 1963 more than 200,000 blacks and whites marched to the nation’s capital to protest racism and hear Martin Luther King Jr’s famous “I Have A Dream” speech. In 1964 the Civil Rights Act was passed, forbidding racial discrimination in schools, employment, hotels, public transportation, etc. Following the Civil Rights Act was the Voting Rights Act in 1965, which was instrumental in the expansion of black voters. There were many more events that helped shape the development of the civil rights movement and in the following information will discuss one in particular: The 1955 arrest of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott. Rosa Parks was born on February 4, 1913. She worked...
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...Berkeley Preparatory School Jim Brown’s Role in Shaping Perceptions of Athletes as Advocates for Social Change. Arjun Tummala Honors US History - H Block Mr. Kurt Wahlgren March 15, 2024 To what extent did the activism of Cleveland Browns running back Jim Brown shape perceptions of athletes as advocates for social change? Table of Contents:. Introduction Jim Brown's Emergence as an Activist Public Perceptions and Reactions Legacy and Influence on Athlete Activism Tainted Legacy Conclusion. Both historically and contemporarily, professional athletes have gained popularity not solely for their exceptional abilities within their respective sports, but also for...
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... Baseball has failed in the promotion in many European and African societies and we will discuss why. Baseball is an international sport that brings great experiences and great memories that last a lifetime. It can be very important in the bond of family. The swing, techniques, bat and balls are important and we will learn why it’s important to have proper training. Also you will read about players that have tarnished the sport and players that have changed baseball forever. Mainly this is a view of the importance of the sport worldwide and how it has changed the world through the guidance of American baseballs influence on the rest of the world. Sport of Baseball Internationally this game is viewed as a very powerful game. Baseball is the same in many ways all over the world. Every player is aiming to knock the ball out of the park or just feel lucky to get on base. Although the game has changed, the history of the sport has been pretty consistent. Because of the different type games in the world, the origin of the game is globally disputed. There are many games with similar rules and a few examples are cricket and kickball. There is a lot of evidence showing that the game evolved from several different games that have been played all over the world. Games like cricket are similar to American...
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...country’s educational system. It particularly has to do with about how, due to The No Child Left Behind Act, schools are teaching to the test. Now in order to get funding, schools need to have good test scores. In order to have good tests scores, they need to funnel their money into the testable subjects: English, Math, Science, and History. Thus, the arts are getting the short end of the stick. Their priorities are in the wrong place. American education is leaving the traditional, Classical way of thinking. We're getting away from the well-rounded individual. Instead we are all concerned about getting good grades, so we can get into college and major in something we hate and make money. The focus is entirely on how far can you get yourself - the American Dream has morphed completely into some money-grubbing monster. Loads of programs have already been cut, and this doesn’t exclude schools. The Columbus Symphony? First state capital to lose their orchestra’s funding. Now? Louisville declared bankruptcy, Honolulu is no more - the list goes on. Even in our own towns we see this happening. Thousands of elementary, middle, and high schools across the country have cut down on “accessory classes” as they call them, so they can focus on the core classes and “what’s important.” This doesn’t only affect the children who are missing out in the arts education, but our entire society. Who will be our future musicians? Who will shape our culture? There have been hundreds of studies researching...
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...a parachute. While others have survived through some fluke of nature, he was the first one to plan it from the start. We live in a world obsessed with accomplishments, and more specifically, obsessed with being FIRST. Few of us remember the 2nd person to set foot on the moon, or the 2nd person to invent the airplane, or the 2nd one to run a mile in under 4 minutes. So given this almost fanatical pursuit to become the “first” at something, what exactly are some of the big accomplishments still waiting to be claimed that will land someone in the history books? Here are a few that come to mind. History of Firsts People can become famous for a variety reasons stemming from heroic, unfortunate, ground breaking, or even uncontrollable circumstances. When a new trend appears in transportation, communication, or the technical world, an opportunistic innovator is always there to be the first to develop or test the new technology. History has many examples of influential firsts that have had a huge impact on society, culture, and the world as a whole. Here are a few examples of people who have gone first: • 1st People to Fly: On November 21, 1783, the first manned hot air balloon flight was made in Paris, France, by Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François...
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...Erik 1 As one man once said “Basically, human traits are the same everywhere. I don't want this to soun like “As Confucius say,” but under the sky, under the heavens, there is but one family.” The man who said this quote is the same man who I look up to today and that is Bruce Lee. Today millions of people across the world look up to Bruce Lee the same way I do and see some of his greatest accomplishments, some though may look at Bruce and think nothing of him because of his ethnicity or background. Many people are descriminated against because of their race. This is because many people are still bound by tradition; when the elder generatoin of people says “no” to something, then these other people will strongly disaprove of it as well. If the elders say that something is wrong, then they also believe that is is wrong. They seldom use their mind to find out the truth and seldom express sincerely their real feeling. The simple truth is that these opinion on such thing as racism are traditions, which are nothing more than a “formula” laid down by these elder people's experience. As we progress together and time changes, is is necessary to reform this formula. We must all look at it this wasy no matter if your color is black or white, red, or blue, we can still make friends each other without any barrier. I personally believe that Bruce Lee brought they barrier down for many Asian Americans. In one of Bruce Lee's films Fist of Fury, Lee was simply just going to walk into a park...
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...l Race and Juvenile Delinquency by Dubien Tshimanga SOCIOLOGY & ANTHROPOLOGY CAPSTONE PRINCIPIA COLLEGE APRIL 2015 ABSTRACT Throughout history, the struggle of minorities has been seen in many facets of life such as in history, literature, music and film: Martin Luther King Jr. and Mahatma Gandhi fought for the right of unrepresented minorities. Books such as Too Kill a Mocking Bird spoke to the prejudices of a community. Movies such as Roots illustrated the hardship of the slaves. From the Roman’s persecution of Christians to today’s rap song lyrics about economic disparities the plight of the minority has been fought for millennium. This research examines the struggle of minorities within the juvenile justice system and the differential rates of adjudication and length of sentencing between the white majority and the black minority juvenile offenders. During the course of this research, additional insights were gained from an internship at a youth correctional center as well as drawing on my own personal experience as a refugee from Gabon. The findings of my research demonstrate that minority offenders do receive harsher sentences than the whites, and that there are several factors contributing to higher rates of juvenile delinquency among African Americans; primarily education and community. To consider the struggle of minorities is important because it creates awareness that the maltreatment of a minority group by the dominant majority often...
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...American Pop: Popular Culture Decade by Decade. Ed. Bob Bacthelor. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press 2009. 978-0-313- 34410-7. 4 vol. 1,604p. $375.00. Gr. 9-12. This four volume set gives students a broad and interdisciplinary overview of the many and varied aspects of pop culture across America from 1900 to the present. The volumes cover the following chronological periods: V 1. 1900-1929, V 2. 1930-1959, V 3. 1960-1989 and Vol. 4. 1990-Present. There is an Introduction for each volume focusing on the major issues during that period. There is a Timeline of events for the decade which gives extra oversight and content to the study of the period and an Overview of each dcade. Chapters focus on specific areas of pop culture (Advertising, Books, Entertainment, Fashion, Food Music and much more) supplemented with sidebars containing stories, photos, illustrations and Notable information. There are endnotes for each decade and a Resource Guide and Index. Volume 4 also contains a Cost of Products from 1900-2000, and an Appendix with Classroom Resources for teachers and students and a Cumulative Index. Students, teachers and the general reader will love sifting through the experiences of Americans as they easily follow the crazes, technological breakthroughs and the experiences of art, entertainment, sports and other cultural forces and events that influenced each generation. Reference– Popular Culture ...
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...The greatest of the silent clowns is Buster Keaton, not only because of what he did, but because of how he did it. Harold Lloyd made us laugh as much, Charlie Chaplin moved us more deeply, but no one had more courage than Buster. I define courage as Hemingway did: "Grace under pressure." In films that combined comedy with extraordinary physical risks, Buster Keaton played a brave spirit who took the universe on its own terms, and gave no quarter. I'm immersed in his career right now, viewing all of the silent features and many of the shorts with students at the University of Chicago. Having already written about Keaton's "The General" (1927) in this series, I thought to choose another title. "The Navigator," perhaps, or "Steamboat Bill, Jr.," or "Our Hospitality." But they are all of a piece; in an extraordinary period from 1920 to 1929, he worked without interruption on a series of films that make him, arguably, the greatest actor-director in the history of the movies. Most of these movies were long thought to be lost. "The General," with Buster as a train engineer in the Civil War, was always available, hailed as one of the supreme masterpieces of silent filmmaking. But other features and shorts existed in shabby, incomplete prints, if at all, and it was only in the 1960s that film historians began to assemble and restore Keaton's lifework. Now almost everything has been recovered, restored, and is available on DVDs and tapes that range from watchable to sparkling. It's said...
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...question in Section A and the question in Section B. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks is given in brackets after each question or part-question. You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written communication used in your answers. JD*(S-2011 Higher) Turn over. 2 SECTION A 1. Of Mice and Men Answer part (a) and either part (b) or part (c). You are advised to spend about 20 minutes on part (a), and about 40 minutes on part (b) or part (c). (a) Read the extract on the opposite page. Then answer the following question: With close reference to the extract, show how John Steinbeck presents Curley here. [10] Either, (b) Steinbeck uses three specific settings on the ranch: the bunkhouse, the harness room and the barn. Choose one of these settings and show how it is important to the novel as a whole.[20] Or, (c) How is the character of Candy important to the novel...
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...Best Laid Plans by Sidney Sheldon Books by Sidney Sheldon IF TOMORROW COMES MASTER OF THE GAME RAGE OF ANGELS BLOODLINE A STRANGER IN THE MIRROR THE OTHER SIDE OF MIDNIGHT THE NAKED FACE WINDMILLS OF THE GODS THE SANDS OF TIME MEMORIES OF MIDNIGHT THE DOOMSDAY CONSPIRACY THE STARS SHINE DOWN NOTHING LASTS FOREVER MORNING, NOON & NIGHT SIDNEY SHELDON THE BEST LAID PLANS HurperCollinsPublishers This novel is entirely a work of fiction. The names, characters and modems portrayed in it are the work of the author's imagination Any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, events or localities is entirely coincidental. HarperCollinsPuWisfiers 77-85 Fulham Palace Road Hammersmith, London W6 8JU Published by HarperCollinsPuWisfcers 1997 135798642 First published in the USA by William Morrow & Co. ,997 Copyright 6 The Sidney Sheldon Family Limited Partnership 1997 The Author asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 00 225660 6 ISBN 0 00 225662 2 (airport tpb) Set in Scala Printed and bound in Great Britain by Caledonian International Book Manufacturing Ltd, Glasgow All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopymg, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers. This book is dedicated to you with my appreciation THE BEST LAID...
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