...HISTORY 1500 WINTER 2014 RESEARCH ESSAY TOPICS 1. Select a crusade and discuss the extent to which it accomplished its objectives. Why did it succeed or fail? Jonathan Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A Short History; Carole Hillenbrand, The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives; Christopher Tyerman, God’s War: A New History of the Crusades 2. How did anti-Semitism manifest itself in medieval Europe? Kenneth R. Stow, Alienated Minority: The Jews of Medieval Latin Europe; Mark R. Cohen, Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle Ages; Solomon Grayzel, The Church and the Jews in the Thirteenth Century 3. What was the position of prostitutes in medieval society? Ruth Mazo Karras, Common Women; Leah Otis, Prostitution in Medieval Society; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 4. Why did the French choose to follow Joan of Arc during the the Hundred Years War? Kelly DeVries, Joan of Arc: A Military Leader; Bonnie Wheeler, ed., Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 5. Discuss the significance of siege warfare during the crusades. You may narrow this question down to a single crusade if you wish. Jim Bradbury, The Medieval Siege; Randall Rogers, Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century; John France, Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade 6. Why did the persecution...
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...Peter Clark Professor James Smethurst AFROAM 151 December 5, 2012 The History Of Rock and Roll: Copyright Not Included The history of black America is one filled with exploitation and abuse. Time and time again we see the “cultural rape” of the black community. Whether it be style, lingo, or music white culture has been “borrowing” from black culture since the early history of the United States. It is so obvious it almost passes unnoticed. For example the handshake has largely been replaced in youth culture by a dap or a fist pound, both remnant of black culture in the 60’s. Even hello has been replaced with “yo” an interjection made popular in the black vernacular. One cultural phenomena that has been largely covered up as African-American in origin. The history of rock and roll is long and intricate drawing its roots from early American R&B, among other places. While most of the true innovators of rock music have been widely overlooked, white musicians have been profiting greatly off of the innovations made in music by black recording artists, specifically in the arena of rock and roll. It is widely accepted that rock music has its roots in the american blues. The history of the blues dates all the way back to slave plantations. This genre comes specifically from African-American folk music. Julio Finn the author of The Bluesman stated that: [White blues performers] can never be bluespeople...because the blues is not something they live but something they...
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...To The Shores of Tripoli Muslim foes. Kidnappings. How the Barbary Wars foreshadowed things to come By CHRISTOPHER HITCHENS Within days of his March 1801 inauguration as the third President of the United States, Thomas Jefferson ordered a naval and military expedition to North Africa, without the authorization of Congress, to put down regimes involved in slavery and piracy. The war was the first in which the U.S. flag was carried and planted overseas; it saw the baptism by fire of the U.S. Marine Corps—whose anthem boasts of action on "the shores of Tripoli"—and it prefigured later struggles with both terrorism and jihad. The Barbary States of North Africa—Algiers, Tunis, Morocco and Tripoli (today's Libya)—had for centuries sustained themselves by preying on the maritime commerce of others. Income was raised by direct theft, the extortion of bribes or "protection" and the capture of crews and passengers to be used as slaves. The historian Robert Davis, in his book Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy, 1500-1800, estimates that as many as 1.25 million Europeans and Americans were enslaved. The Barbary raiders—so called because they were partly of Berber origin—struck as far north as England and Ireland. It appears, for example, that almost every inhabitant of the Irish village of Baltimore was carried off in 1631. Samuel Pepys and Daniel Defoe...
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...coalitions among various industrial sectors; see Gourevitch 1986. Many others, including Baldwin; Cassing, McKeown, and Ochs; and Milner have addressed the influence of differently situated industries in the development of trade policy; see Baldwin 1985; Cassing, McKeown, and Ochs 1986; and Milner 1988. Whereas most recent work on sectoral conflict has focused primarily on foreign economic policy, some classic accounts of foreign policy link sectoral conflict to states' broader international orientation; see Hobson [1902] 1965, 46-63; and Kehr 1977. A few recent authors have also applied the sectoral conflict approach more broadly; see Gibbs 1990; Snyder 1991; Nowell 1994; and Cox 1994. 12. Concerning the significance of this debate and how it was resolved, see Fordham 1998. Regarding the administration's congressional opponents, see Doenecke 1979; Eden 1984, 1985; and Kepley 1988. 13. See Leffler 1992; and Gaddis 1982. 14. See Hogan...
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...mIntroducing the History of Marketing Theory and Practice 1.1 Introduction The global popularity of marketing as a subject for study might suggest that those studying and teaching the subject know what it is that they are studying and how this study should be undertaken. But as we shall see in this chapter and others in this book, this has often not been the case. Marketing as a subject has proved almost impossible to pin down, and there is little consensus about what it means to study marketing. Most organisations now employ marketers. Marketing roles were traditionally found in commercial firms, but increasingly all kinds of organisations feel the need to employ marketers or to commission services from marketing consultants. The popularity and pervasiveness of marketing is, however, a relatively recent phenomenon. Academics have only studied marketing as a discipline in its own right for just over a century, and during its short history the study of marketing has been influenced by many different academic movements, fads and priorities. This variability can be viewed as a positive state of affairs, because it means that the subject is always open to new ideas and new trends. On the other hand, it has the potential to undermine the value of marketing knowledge because there is no general consensus on what the study of marketing should be for, how these studies should be conducted, or what the outcomes should be. Before we can begin to study marketing, we need to understand...
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...LIBERTY BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY JOSCELYN R. JONES LYNCHBURG, VA March 7, 2014 Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………3 Regional Map………………………………………………………………………………………..............4 Background: A Closer Look at The Swahili People’s History, Language and Culture…………………..………………………………………………………………………………...4 Background: A Closer Look at The Swahili People’s Economy, Religion, and Family……………..………………………………………………………………………………7 Survey of Missions Work……………..………………………………………………………………………………12 Proposed Mission Strategy………………………………………………………………………………………......14 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………….18 References………………………………………………………………………………………19 Introduction In Genesis 17:4 God promised Abraham that he would be the father of “many nations.” We see the evidence of this promise that is revealed through the many different people groups on Earth. God went on to also extend a blessing to all those nations (Genesis 22:17), however everyone in every nation has not realized or fail to believe the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. Fortunately, God has also given a provision for hope to those who are considered to be “unreached” by the Gospel. It is through the command issued to his disciples in Matthew 28:19, “go ye therefore and teach all nations,” that Christians today can literally change the world by taking the gospel to all four corners of the earth. ...
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...very quickly was spread all over the world. The Great Depression was a period of high rates unemployment, bankrupting banks, lowering prices, and increasing the uncertainty to American nation. Moreover, it brought big changes in U.S politic, society and culture. In the beginning of the Great Depression Hoover was president of U.S. He made a lot of new reforms in order to face the Great Depression, but they were not successful. People were tired with Robert Hoover’s fail. All they needed was a new leader to get them out of that bed situation. Because of these, in the elections of 1929, most of American citizens voted for the Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt. Roosevelt brought in a lot of changes in economy, politic, social and cultural life of Americans. His major programs were the New Deal (First Hundred Days) and the Second New Deal. These programs were very effective. The number of unemployment rate was lower comparing with that in 1929. Roosevelt was the only president in the history of United States who governed for almost 4 terms. The Great Depression ended in 1941, when the United States entered in World War II (Brinkley, A., 1987). A lot of questions are raised about the Great Depression. What caused the Great depression? Which were the main factors that brought the Great Depression? What effects did it have...
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...very quickly was spread all over the world. The Great Depression was a period of high rates unemployment, bankrupting banks, lowering prices, and increasing the uncertainty to American nation. Moreover, it brought big changes in U.S politic, society and culture. In the beginning of the Great Depression Hoover was president of U.S. He made a lot of new reforms in order to face the Great Depression, but they were not successful. People were tired with Robert Hoover’s fail. All they needed was a new leader to get them out of that bed situation. Because of these, in the elections of 1929, most of American citizens voted for the Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt. Roosevelt brought in a lot of changes in economy, politic, social and cultural life of Americans. His major programs were the New Deal (First Hundred Days) and the Second New Deal. These programs were very effective. The number of unemployment rate was lower comparing with that in 1929. Roosevelt was the only president in the history of United States who governed for almost 4 terms. The Great Depression ended in 1941, when the United States entered in World War II (Brinkley, A., 1987). A lot of questions are raised about the Great Depression. What caused the Great depression? Which were the main factors that brought the Great Depression? What effects did it have...
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...To a college student, or even to a professor, putting a time frame for the Rolling Stones is a task which requires envisioning a world before every memory one has ever made. “Timeless” would be an appropriate adjective, but “the 1950s” serves just as well. The band did not start as its line-up consists of today. Hardly, if any, bands have ever started like that. The Rolling Stones started as a small teen band named, “Little Boy Blue and the Blue Boys”, with Mick Jagger singing and Keith Richards playing guitar. The music they played was all covers; they played songs which came from the musicians which they enjoyed. At this time, there were not any new movements arising which were primarily British. In this post-World War II era, the biggest new genres emerging were jazz, country/western, and R&ump;B (rhythm and bass). With these being primarily American genres, many adults in Britain did not want their children listening to this unfamiliar new music. However, the Rolling Stones were always a group attracted to the idea of rebellion. Such influential figures were Buddy Holly, Muddy Waters, and St.-Louis native Chuck Berry. One thing the Rolling Stones were always known for, their stage act, started in 1962. As “Little Boy Blue and the Blue Boys” became “The Rollin’ Stones”, Mick Jagger, the front man of the group, slowly gained confidence. Stephen Davis in his 40-year span of the Rolling Stones entitled, “Old gods almost dead. The 40-Year Odyssey of the Rolling Stones”, describes...
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...COVER FEATURE 28 TRAPS TRAPSMAGAZINE.COM Boy Country BY CHRIS WELCH WITH ANDY DOERSCHUK JON COHAN JARED COBB & KAREN STACKPOLE autum 2007 TRAPS 29 City Man Country City THE JOHN BONHAM STORY JOHN BONHAM PREFACE A SLOW NIGHT AT THE MARQUEE As a Melody1960s, I Maker reporter during the The venue wasn’t full on the night of the Zeppelin show, so we could wander around and chat to other club goers. While Page and Plant dominated the stage, we edged over to the side to check out the drummer. Among those watching with me was Mark Ashton, curly haired stickman with the group Rare Bird. “He’s so fucking heavy!” Ashton shouted in my ear. We stared in disbelief at the aggressive, beefy guy who seemed intent on breaking the heads on his toms. 30 TRAPS TRAPSMAGAZINE.COM PREVIOUS PAGE PHOTO BY JAN PERSSONS/REDFERNS The first time I saw Bonham up close was in December 1968, at The Marquee Club on Soho’s Wardour Street. While The Marquee has long held a mythical status in the rich history of the London rock scene – hosting early appearances by such legendary bands as The Who and The Rolling Stones – it was actually a dark and rather cramped facility with a tiny stage that fronted an even stuffier dressing room. vividly remember the moment when a review copy of Led Zeppelin’s eponymous debut album arrived at the office. My colleague and fellow scribe Tony Wilson had secured the precious black vinyl LP and dropped it onto the turntable, awaiting...
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...WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION? Four Possible Answers Simon Reich Working Paper #261 – December 1998 Simon Reich holds appointments as a Professor at the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs and in the Department of Political Science at the University of Pittsburgh. In fall 1997 he was a Visiting Fellow at the Kellogg Institute. His publications include The Fruits of Fascism: Postwar Prosperity in Historical Perspective and The German Predicament: Memory and Power in the New Europe (with Andrei S. Markovits) both published by Cornell University Press. His most recent coauthored book is The Myth of the Global Corporation (Princeton University Press, 1998). Reich has also published many book chapters and articles in journals such as International Organization, International Interactions, The Review of International Political Economy, and German Politics and Society. He has received fellowships from the Sloan Foundation and the Kellogg Institute and was awarded an International Affairs Fellowship from the Council on Foreign Relations. His current work is on the issue of the definitions and central propositions of globalization. This paper was written during my stay at the Kellogg Institute. I wish to express my appreciation to the fellows and staff of the Institute for all their help on this project, notably to Scott Mainwaring who is now director of the Institute. Introduction The end of the Cold War provided a major shock for scholars of politics and policy in at...
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...Our American History: Improving Social Justice for Minorities and Women From the End of the Civil War Through the 1970s History 1312 The University of Texas at Arlington December 16, 2011 Improving Social Justice for Minorities and Women From the End of the Civil War Through the 1970s I. At the end of the Civil War in 1865, most African American slaves held a renewed hope that with President Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 would come economic opportunity and social mobility. There was the expectation that they would have political representation and the assurance of at least the beginning of attaining equality1. After the end of the war in 1865, there were enough states to ratify the 13th Amendment which outlawed slavery. However, it did not provide any equal rights or citizenship. As time passed and minorities began to assert themselves into American society, social justice movements that were led by blacks and whites alike began to become more commonplace. However, the struggle to become fully recognized as equal members of American society has been a battle that was fought through the 1970s—and in some measure, continues today. Like minorities, women have struggled with inequality and social injustice. However, their decision to fight for equality began before the start of the Civil War. The Seneca Falls Convention in New York was held in July of 1848, and can be referred to as the...
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...I would be on the offensive”: General Sherman’s March through Georgia 1 The United States Civil War was the bloodiest and most trying conflict in American history. Hundreds of thousands of American lives were lost on both sides of the war. General William Tecumseh Sherman’s march through Georgia to the sea was a brilliant strategic victory for the North that helped to end the war more quickly, all while preserving the lives of soldiers on both the North and South. All though his march was outside the general practice of warfare it is clear that the General’s movement through Georgia was the best course he could have taken given his circumstances. His capture of Atlanta and his subsequent march to follow is one of the most controversial issues of the war. At the time of the war it was commonplace for the military leaders to embed their troops in entrenchments that were nearly impossible to infiltrate. They would then rush their men towards each other in a bloody battle. General Sherman realized that attacking the entrenchments of the enemy was fruitless and killed too many soldiers. He went on a path of flanking maneuvers that helped get around these entrenched soldiers. He followed up this plan by attacking the economy of the South and breaking their resolve. The importance of his new plan can be seen on how his tactics of attacking the land and economy, instead of other human beings, and avoiding head-on confrontation actually saved lives for both the Union and...
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...www.hbrreprints.org HBR CASE STUDY AND COMMENTARY How should Peachtree try to fix its IT infrastructure problem? Four commentators offer expert advice. Too Far Ahead of the IT Curve? by John P Glaser . • Reprint R0707A Peachtree Healthcare’s patchwork IT infrastructure is in critical condition. Should the CEO approve a shift to risky new technology or go with the time-tested monolithic system? HBR CASE STUDY Too Far Ahead of the IT Curve? by John P Glaser . COPYRIGHT © 2007 HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Freshly showered and cooling down after their squash game, Max Berndt drank iced tea with his board chairman, Paul Lefler. Max, a thoracic surgeon by training, was the CEO of Peachtree Healthcare. He’d occupied the post for nearly 12 years. In that time the company had grown—mainly by mergers—from a single teaching hospital into a regional network of 11 large and midsize institutions, supported by ancillary clinics, physician practices, trauma centers, rehabilitation facilities, and nursing homes. Together, these entities had nearly 4,000 employed and affiliated physicians, who annually treated a million patients from throughout Georgia and beyond. The patients ranged in age from newborn to nonagenarian; represented all races, ethnicities, lifestyles, and economic conditions; and manifested every imaginable injury and disease. Many of them, over the course of a year, would be seen at more than one Peach- tree...
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...Empire (Phillippines) ideal of progress civilization get better and better civilized uncivilized Louisiana Purchase 1904 idea of amusement zone in fair control by the same corporation social practice etc. People want to be not just educated but also make it fun Midway was kind of confused area. Music Hall, Saloon, real urban place high aspiration low quality Louisiana 1889 PARIS 3 out 4 Chicago world fAIR WORLD COLUMBIAN EXHIBITION 1889 Saint Louis world fair in 1889 nationalism how did it start. PHILLIPINE RESERVATION World Fair Chicago Columbian Exposition...
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