...Hate Crimes in American Society in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries Sample Student Research Paper Project of Sociology Table of Contents I. Thesis Statement…………………………………………….………….....Page 4 II. Introduction and Summary………………………………….………….....Page 4 III. Literature Review………………………………………………………....Page 6 IV. Methods………………………………………………………….......….. Page 16 V. Socio-Historical Analysis………………………………………………. .Page 18 A. 20th Century 1. Lynching 2. Ku Klux Klan 3. Rodney King and the Los Angeles Riots 4. Matthew Shepard B. 21st Century 1. Post 9/11 2. Jena Six VI. Cause and Effect Analysis…………………………………………… ....Page 24 A. Causes 1. Prejudice a. Stereotypes b. Scapegoats c. Presence of Hate in American Culture d. Need for Status and Power 2. Reasons for Crime a. Sending a Message b. Thrill Seeking c. Defensive B. Effects 1. Psychological Trauma 2. Undo Social Progress 3. Community Unrest 4. Threat of Retaliation VII. Descriptive Analysis……………………………………………….........Page 30 A. Description of Victims 1. Bias against a Particular Race 2. Bias against a Particular Religion 3. Bias against a Particular Sexual Orientation 4. Bias against a Particular Ethnicity/National Origin 5. Bias against a Disability B. Description of Offenses and Offenders This must be your new section? VIII. Comparative Analysis…………………………………………………. Page 36 A. United States Justice Department Definition of Hate Crime B. International Justice...
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...A timelss Classic When we think about what life is like today and how people are treated equally , the thought of discriminating against a person because their skin is a different color seems morally wrong. Well in 1930’s this was pretty much the normality in day to day life. To kill Mocking bird shows what is was like to live in a time when people were treated terribly because of the color of their skin. This novel also reflects the time at which it was written because in the 1960’s racism against African Americans was still a big problem. To Kill a Mocking bird is a timeless classic because it teaches readers what it was like to live in 1930’s and issues of racism, it relates to the time period it was written in , and it also still relates to issues that are present today. During the 1930’s racism was a very big issue in the south. African Americans were treated extremely un- fair and had little civil rights. They were persecuted and discriminated against because of the color of their skin and no other reason but that. Racist Americans seemed to really think that African Americans were less important and less human then white people because there skin was brown. “Despite the decline of organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan, racism was as strong as ever, especially in the Southern states” (Allen). To me this shows that the racist white American was ignorant and honestly stupid to think that a person was less important and less human because their skin...
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...Slavery and Discuss the ways in which this history Impacts Contemporary Society. HUMN: 303N Week 8 Final Essay The history of slavery has majorly impacted contemporary society as well as the ways in which we live. Ever since slavery was abolished in the United States, equality has been spread amongst African Americans throughout the world. This was achieved by the African Americans themselves, with their strong effort in fighting for what they felt was right. Following their strong attempts, “A terrible price had to be paid, in a tragic, calamitous civil war, before the new democracy could be rid of that most undemocratic institution” (G. Loury, 2015). A huge part of this time period was the Civil Rights movement. This movement was led by strong leaders that helped secure equal opportunities and privileges for African Americans. Although slavery was not officially outlawed until the 13th century amendment was passed, at end of the war slaves were set free. In M. Stevens (2015), “Fasts about the Slave Trade and Slavery, The Gider Lehrman Institute of American History,” slave trade and slavery itself has been thoroughly described. Steven starts off by stating that the United States had the highest natural increase in slave population. He then goes into slave trade, and explains what a slave would go through on a normal work day. This ties into the fact of the actual cost of slaves, and how vastly it changed through the years. The following line from the text...
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... CONTENTS AN EXPLANATORY NOTE In which the origins of this book are clarified. vii PREFACE TO THE REVISED AND EXPANDED EDITION xi 1 INTRODUCTION: The Hidden Side of Everything In which the book’s central idea is set forth: namely, if morality represents how people would like the world to work, then economics shows how it actually does work. Why the conventional wisdom is so often wrong . . . How “experts”— from criminologists to real-estate agents to political scientists—bend the facts . . . Why knowing what to measure, and how to measure it, is the key to understanding modern life . . . What is “freakonomics,” anyway? 1. What Do Schoolteachers and Sumo Wrestlers Have in Common? 15 In which we explore the beauty of incentives, as well as their dark side—cheating. Contents Who cheats? Just about everyone . . . How cheaters cheat, and how to catch them . . . Stories from an Israeli day-care center . . . The sudden disappearance of seven million American children . . . Cheating schoolteachers in Chicago . . . Why cheating to lose is worse than cheating to win . . . Could sumo wrestling, the national sport of Japan, be corrupt? . . . What the Bagel Man saw: mankind may be more honest than we think. 2. How Is the Ku Klux Klan Like a Group of Real-Estate Agents? 49 In which it is argued that nothing is more powerful than information, especially when its power is abused. Spilling the Ku Klux Klan’s secrets . . . Why experts of every kind are in the perfect position to exploit you...
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...MIGUEL, Karl Ann D. INTSOCI C33 Freakonomics by Stephen Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner Introduction: The Hidden Side of Everything There are several things required to understand the world through economics: first, knowing the incentives of all parties; second, realizing that conventional wisdom is usually wrong; third, understanding that most effects have subtle and distant causes and the most obvious is often the wrong one; fourth, specialists like salesman and lawyers use obscure knowledge to achieve their own ends and the internet helps to erode this advantage by making knowledge more freely available to people; lastly, data is invaluable to understanding the world. Chapter 1: What Do Schoolteachers and Sumo Wrestlers Have in Common? People all learn to respond to incentives, whether positive or negative from the outset of life. An incentive is simply a means of urging people to do more of a good thing and less of a bad thing. There are three basic flavors of incentive: economic, social and moral. Economic incentive is something material or tangible; moral is based of self-judgments; social is terribly powerful as it depicts what other people think of you resulting from your own actions or choices. Any incentive is inherently a trade-off; whatever the incentive, whatever the situation, dishonest people will try to gain an advantage by whatever means necessary. Cheating is a natural act getting more for less. The government required the High-Stakes Testing as part of...
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...have given more blacks advantages in the society to gain more opportunities in a workforce and was able to help in the war. Later on, during the cold war United States promoted the idea of democracy was more superior than communism because people have more freedom. Consequently, the Supreme court was able to push the civil rights movement to make even more progress for integration. The Civil Rights Movement was able to make significant gains when it did because world war II and the cold war tensions pressured the United States to make reforms to its race policies. The United States claimed democracy was superior to communism, but racial segregation in the South made this assertion appear untrue. Moreover, the decisions made by the Supreme Court reflected these Cold War values, as the court decisions during the Civil Rights Era linked democracy and racial integration. Many would argue that the cold war did not do much to actually help the civil rights movement. The leaders do not seem to be actually fighting for their rights, it was more like the people that actually were trying to make more progress in the Civil Right Movement. As Malcolm X said, “The Negroes were out the streets. They were talking about how they were going to...
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...As children, we are taught about racism and physical differences that make us diverse; however, have we genuinely grasped the concept of how we are not different? Outside we may look different, but what is inside has no discrepancies. Coincedently, this belief adds on to what goes on in people's minds. Two reasons; internalized racism and internalized white supremacy. M;l.,m/any people get confused and mix these two reasons and their meanings up. People seem to think that the internalized racism is correlated with whites and the internalized white supremacy is correlated with African Americans. This has become the result of our school systems failures. In this day in age many people need to understand the differences between these two terms....
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...As children, we are taught about racism and physical differences that make us diverse; however, have we genuinely grasped the concept of how we are not different? Outside we may look different, but what is inside has no discrepancies. Coincedently, this belief adds on to what goes on in people's minds. Two reasons; internalized racism and internalized white supremacy. M;l.,m/any people get confused and mix these two reasons and their meanings up. People seem to think that the internalized racism is correlated with whites and the internalized white supremacy is correlated with African Americans. This has become the result of our school systems failures. In this day in age, many people need to understand the differences between these two terms....
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...and to help with humanity. God created humans and loved them. Lucifer became jealous of Gods rule. He did not like the creation of humanity. He did not want to serve humanity. Lucifer felt humans were beneath the angels. Lucifer then persuaded other angels to join his idealism. Lucifer began a war in heaven. Lucifer and his angels were defeated. They were then cast out of heaven. With his betrayal to God’s plan he was exiled to hell. The contrasts between these two entities are very easy to make. The likeness between these two entities is a little harder, but nevertheless they do have similarities. God and the Devil are similar because they both make an impact and can affect the human race. God wants you to accept him and give you free will to make your own choices in life. God lets you make the choices in your life but he warns you to stay away from the ways of Lucifer. Humans should cleanse themselves and stay away from evil. The devil will also use free will as a tool. He does not cause you to do bad things. Humans do evil all on their own. Lucifer just sets the stage for humans He is the anger in all of us. Lucifer or any of his fallen angels for that matter can whisper in your ear. He can make you fall into evil ways because Lucifer is cunning and he can play with your mind. He encourages bad thinking and bad feelings which lead to bad actions. God and Lucifer want our souls. God wants you to enter heaven and serve. Lucifer wants to obtain your...
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...scientists are highly demanded around the world. The U.S.A is a multi racial country, so it has a unique educational system which is irreplaceable by any systems. There are many advantages in American educational system, but some aspects need to be changed. We need to look in to our school’s educational system. According to “the Trend in international math and science study,” American classes cover too many subjects, so the teachers just have time to lecture each subject superficially. There are no national standards in the U.S schools. Students may choose to go to easy schools to graduate. Therefore, high school students who graduate from different schools are in diverse levels of education. A successful student can not succeed without good teachers but American schools don’t have enough proficient and qualified teachers. In “new math-science study rates U.S students mediocre at best,” William S. Robinson states, “the international average for math teachers with a degree in math is 71 percent, but in the U.S. it’s only 41 percent.” In the U.S.A., teaching is not a remunerative job, yet it requires great skills. Therefore, less and less people choose teaching as their careers. ……Home environment also affects students in negative way. In “strength, weakness, and lessons of Japanese education,” James Fallow says, “the effect of school and family are difficult to separate. In the short term, there is...
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...inception of the United States, Black people have been subjugated to chattel slavery and have had their human rights violated. Our nation’s presidents engaged in these torturous acts of violence while hypocritically declaring the United States as the “land of the free and home of the brave.” For generations, Black Americans were denied freedom and access, which fueled the explosive civil rights movement. In this paper, I will analyze the historical context that before the civil rights era, 20th century literature and black liberation leaders and ideology, as well as its after effects and influence in the 21st century. Freedom was never granted to all. When the United States was a colony, it was severely underdeveloped and must serve...
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...Entangled in our rich history of the United States of America are accounts of injustice and prejudice. When we are faced with such adversities we fight, we preach, and we stand our ground until the very end; until justice is served. A notable example of this type of reform would be the Civil Rights Movement that took place in the 1900s. This movement worked to fix the view of the African Americans in America; these people wished for equal rights and better lives. Years later in 2017 this perilous battle counties throughout America by the descants of those brave souls from the 1900s. Reports of police brutality against African Americans have sparked protest after protest for the lives lost to this senseless violence, and they’ve managed to make their voices as loud as the...
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...A TEACHER’S GUIDE TO THE SIGNET CLASSIC EDITION OF BOOKER T. WASHINGTON’S UP FROM SLAVERY By VIRGINIA L. SHEPHARD, Ph.D., Florida State University S E R I E S E D I T O R S : W. GEIGER ELLIS, ED.D., ARTHEA J. S. REED, PH.D., UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, EMERITUS and UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA, RETIRED A Teacher’s Guide to the Signet Classic Edition of Booker T. Washington’s Up from Slavery 2 INTRODUCTION Booker T. Washington’s commanding presence and oratory deeply moved his contemporaries. His writings continue to influence readers today. Although Washington claimed his autobiography was “a simple, straightforward story, with no attempt at embellishment,” readers for nearly a century have found it richly rewarding. Today, Up From Slavery appeals to a wide audience from early adolescence through adulthood. More important, however, is the inspiration his story of hard work and positive goals gives to all readers. His life is an example providing hope to all. The complexity and contradictions of his life make his autobiography intellectually intriguing for advanced readers. To some he was known as the Sage of Tuskegee or the Black Moses. One of his prominent biographers, Louis R. Harlan, called him the “Wizard of the Tuskegee Machine.” Others acknowledged him to be a complicated person and public figure. Students of American social and political history have come to see that Washington lived a double life. Publicly he appeased the white establishment...
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...Freakonomics! The purpose of this guide is to help you better understand the analyses presented in Freakonomics by providing a sort of “bridge” between the material covered in a traditional course in economic principles and topics addressed in what we consider to be one of the most fascinating books we’ve encountered in economics literature. Many students view economics as a very difficult, if not impossible, course to master.This perception is, however, most likely based on observations of the experiences of other students who did not apply the proper approach to learning economics. In many courses, simple memorization is enough. In economics, we would argue, this is not the case.While you need to understand the meaning of basic terms and concepts, you also need to be able to apply economic concepts in specific situations. In other words, you need to develop the ability to think like an economist.The authors of Freakonomics certainly show the reader how to do just that.The material presented here is intended to make the job a little easier. Organization of the Student’s Guide We organized the material in this guide to help you identify the key points in each chapter and check to ensure that you have a firm grasp of the key concepts presented in the book.The first section of each chapter in this guide consists of an overview that highlights the major topics and points presented in the book.The overview is designed to alert you to the major topics and is not intended to serve, in...
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...Lyric Censorship: Language is Power Words create powerful emotions in all of us. They are used to express our feelings, thoughts and ideas, as well as communicate with one another. There are countless examples in history where we see language equating power. Within those examples we see people in the position of power, using this power of language to degrade their enemies and those they consider beneath them, and shape language in their favor. Music ties into language completely. The words of song lyrics convey powerful messages. As language is power, those in control seek to repress the power of this language in music, attempting to keep the power in their favor. But this attempt at censorship only gives those words even more influence and any attempt to infringe our right to free speech should be fought for to prevent its loss. The censorship of lyrics has occurred globally and can be dated back as far as music and poetry can be traced. Let’s take Asia as an example. Under the ruling of the Taliban in Afghanistan, music became a crime (Korpe, 2004). Instruments were burned, and people were severely punished for singing or creating any kind of music that was not deemed acceptable by the government. In Kabal, President Rabbani went as far as to create an Office for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice, which was used to regulate the lyric of song in the favor of the government, and punish those who spoke ill towards those in power. In Pakistan...
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