... I would like to thank Rev. Dr. Johnson Neelanirappel for his valuable guidance and for generously sharing his time, knowledge, love and energy to guide me in the right path for the completion of this thesis. I would also like to acknowledge and express my gratitude to the following people for their glorious support and contributions to my journey and the completion of this thesis. I pay homage to the librarian of Santhom library Rev. Dr. Sebastian Chalackal and all other librarians for helping me in the collection of data for the completion of this work. Fro generously sharing their wisdom, love and time I pay gratitude to my entire batch mates of Dazzlers. Conveying my sincere thanks to all the members of Sevana social group I wind up. general introduction Human is a rational and social being. Society is an unavoidable factor for human being. There are a lot of things to keep as a social being to human. To maintain a good relationship with others, there are certain written and unwritten rules. The person who keeps this rules called ‘just man’. There are different faces to the concept ‘justice’. A brief study about the concept ‘justice’ is an important today. Many philosophers have tried to explain the concept ‘justice’ and its features. We can find a lot of features in personal justice. The meaning of justice may change according to the situations. But there should be a common factor; this common factor is the concept of ‘ethics’....
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...One indicator of Human Development is freedom of choice or range of choices among the individuals 1. Introduction Freedom of choice[1] is right to exercise one's freedoms in any manner one may choose except where such act may obstruct or prevent others from exercising their freedoms, put oneself or others in danger, or exceeds a statutory limit. According to online Black’s law dictionary[2], Unfettered right to do what one wants when one wants as one wants, except where it infringes or prevents another from doing what that one wants, and do so on. Also excluded is doing something that would harm one’s self or another. Human development is a concept within the scope of the study of the human condition, specifically international development, relating to international and economic development. This concept of a broader human development was first laid out by Amartya Sen, a 1998 Nobel laureate, and expanded upon by Martha Nussbaum, Sabina Alkire, Ingrid Robeyns, and others (UNDP, 2012). Human development encompasses more than just the rise or fall of national incomes. Development is thus about expanding the choices people have, to lead lives that they value, and improving the human condition so that people have the chance to lead full lives (Streeten, 1994). Thus, human development is about much more than economic growth, which is only a means of enlarging people’s choices (UNDP, 2012). As a general definition, indicators are “tools for providing specific information...
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...is because play shows to be more helpful in a child’s early development. 1b) Explain the characteristics of the different types of school in relation to educational stages and governance. There are 4 types of mainstream state school community, foundation and trust, voluntary and specialist. These 4 types follow the national curriculum. Other types include Independent/Free schools and academies; these don’t have to follow the curriculum and are governed in different ways. Community schools Run and owned by local authorities and not by their governing body. The local authority will usually determine the admissions policy and support the school in looking at ways to develop links within the local community. They also provide support services to the school. Some community schools, local groups use school facilities to hold classes of their own. Foundation and trust schools Foundation schools are run by their own governing body, that decide on admissions policy following consultation with the local authority. Its land and all buildings are also owned by the governance or charitable foundation. A trust school is like a foundation school but has a charitable trust and outside partner like a business. It can only become a trust school with a decision from its governing body after parents...
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...Organizational communication 1 Organizational communication Organizational communication is a subfield of the larger discipline of communication studies. Organizational communication, as a field, is the consideration, analysis, and criticism of the role of communication in organizational contexts. History of Organizational Communication The field traces its lineage through business information, business communication, and early mass communication studies published in the 1930s through the 1950s. Until then, organizational communication as a discipline consisted of a few professors within speech departments who had a particular interest in speaking and writing in business settings. The current field is well established with its own theories and empirical concerns distinct from other communication subfields and other approaches to organizations. Several seminal publications stand out as works broadening the scope and recognizing the importance of communication in the organizing process, and in using the term "organizational communication". Nobel Laureate Herbert Simon wrote in 1947 about "organization communications systems", saying communication is "absolutely essential to organizations".[1] W. Charles Redding played a prominent role in the establishment of organizational communication as a discipline. In the 1950s, organizational communication focused largely on the role of communication in improving organizational life and organizational output. In the 1980s, the field...
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...objective is to ruminate on the effects of corporate responsibility of firms to stakeholders. That is how corporate responsibility to stakeholders can help maximize or minimize the firm’s value. In this research paper, I am going to explain the principle of stakeholder and the corporate social Responsibility that corporation owes to its stakeholders. The fact that corporations are entitled to its stakeholders and the environment within its scope of business has been a controversial issue. At the beginning, I will give a clear understanding of what Corporate Responsibility by firms to its stakeholders is. Later, I will make an argument in favor and against Corporate Responsibility by the firm to its stakeholders. Lastly, I will come to a conclusion on how firm’s value is maximized. That is what corporation should do for its stakeholder. According to rigorous research, each person has his or her personal responsibility that needs to be performed in order to maintain a good image in the society. Just as humans are faced with responsibilities, so as Corporations, since they are seen as a group of individuals working together to accomplish a goal, that goal being making themselves and shareholders as much money as possible is the shortest amount of time possible. Theses group of individuals according to Freeman are called Stakeholders, who are groups or individual that affects, or is affected by the achievement of a company’s aims (Freeman, 1984). Corporate social responsibility...
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...contemporary debate about community development. It is evident that existing literature highlight the complex nature of the concept of ‘community development work’. It is also true to say that there are constant changes in the political setting, and the disparity between theory and practice for community development work. To begin, this essay will attempt to define the key concepts of ‘community’ and ‘community development’ in order to understand the process. It will then explore the role of community development programs in aiding local communities to exercise control over the issues that affect their lives, in this case, the refugee women community in UK. Finally, it will also discuss about the role of critical practice in tackling the issues of social justice, such as social exclusion, poverty and inequalities. Community development is a very complex field and before attempting to define it, it is imperative to explain the meaning of ‘community’, which is in itself a contested term (Shaw, 2007). Different perspectives have been presented to define the term, for example Smith (2001) argues that ‘…some [definitions] focused on geographical area; some on a group of people living in a particular place and others which looked to community as an area of common life’. Again, according to Stacey, ninety four definitions of ‘community’ were given (Stacey, 1969 cited in Craig et al., 2008, p.14). Consequently, it becomes problematic to give a precise meaning of ‘community development work’...
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...Name Professor Course Date of Submission What Does Political Science Tell Us about Political Parties? Politics is a study that embroils both humanistic and scientific facets of socio-economic and political establishments. As a social science discipline, political science is concerned primary with the studies of states, nations, communities, parties, and policies that form them (Farrell, Webb, and Janda par. 2). Political Science advocates for a systematic, scientific, and fastidious efforts to explore human behavior and actions that have shaped political history and democratic processes. Moreover, political science as a study does not only prepare individuals for employment, but also for survival, given its efficacy in making informed citizenry who has the capacity to participate in the political processes within political parties or interest groups (Freeman par. 12). In addition, political science seeks to expand the scope of political advocacy. As a result, the study pursues community organization and service by the elected or appointed officials to the people. Therefore, political science is the power behind the formation of political parties, and its efficacy is usually instrumental in revealing the underlying relationships between political events and the conditions that generate them (Janos par. 7). In essence, political science seeks to construct the general principles for which societal politics works in line with political parties and the policies under which...
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...MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INITIATIVES C.B. Bhattacharya Daniel Korschun Sankar Sen Forthcoming: Journal of Business Ethics Abstract Corporate social responsibility (CSR) continues to gain attention atop the corporate agenda and is by now an important component of the dialogue between companies and their stakeholders. Nevertheless, there is still little guidance as to how companies can implement CSR activity in order to maximize returns to CSR investment. Theorists have identified many company favoring outcomes of CSR, yet there is a dearth of research on the psychological mechanisms that drive stakeholder responses to CSR activity. Borrowing from the literatures on means-end chains and relationship marketing, we propose a conceptual model that explains how CSR provides individual stakeholders with numerous benefits (functional, psychosocial, and values) and how the type and extent to which a stakeholder derives these benefits from CSR initiatives influences the quality of the relationship between the stakeholder and the company. The paper discusses the implications of these insights and highlights a number of areas for future research. 1 STRENGTHENING STAKEHOLDER-COMPANY RELATIONSHIPS THROUGH MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INITIATIVES Corporate social responsibility (CSR), or “a commitment to improve community wellbeing through discretionary business practices and contributions of corporate resources,” (Kotler and...
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...ABSTRACT AVENILLA, VAN NIEL A., BELLEZA, MARIA FATIMA A., CASALLOS, MICHELLE JAMIE B., “IEC STRATEGY OF THE FAMILY DEVELOPMENT SESSION OF THE BENEFICIARIES OF THE PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM OF BRGY. BALATAS, NAGA CITY”. (An Undergraduate Thesis in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Development Communication. Adviser: Karlos Jerome N. Llorin, MDC The 4Ps is a human development program and the poverty reduction strategy of the national government that provides CCT grants to extremely poor families in order to improve their health, nutrition and education especially the children aged 0- 14. The said program has two objectives: 1) Social Assistance, which aims to grant cash assistance to the poor to address their immediate need; and 2) Social Development, which aims to break the intergenerational poverty cycle through investments in human capital. One of the conditions under the said program before the beneficiaries will receive their CCT is the Family Development Session (FDS). It aims to widen the knowledge and boost the skills of parents and help them to understand and meet the health and education conditions of the program. The FDS is being done by the 4P’s workers through home visits, the use of modules on modular sessions guide for parents, family drug prevention program, parent effectiveness service and empowerment and viii reaffirmation of paternal abilities. The role of the parents in helping their children attain...
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...about G.D.P. is that the more it grows, the better a country and its citizens are doing. In the U.S., economic activity plummeted at the start of 2009 and only started moving up during the second half of the year. Apparently things are moving in that direction still. In the first quarter of this year, the economy again expanded, this time by an annual rate of about 3.2 percent. All the same, it has been a difficult few years for G.D.P. For decades, academics and gadflies have been critical of the measure, suggesting that it is an inaccurate and misleading gauge of prosperity. What has changed more recently is that G.D.P. has been actively challenged by a variety of world leaders, especially in Europe, as well as by a number of international groups, like the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The G.D.P., according to arguments I heard from economists as far afield as Italy, France and Canada, has not only failed to capture the well-being of a 21st-century society but has also skewed global political objectives toward the single-minded pursuit of economic growth. “The economists messed everything up,” Alex Michalos, a former chancellor at the University of Northern British...
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...Glavas Journal of Management 2012 38: 932 originally published online 1 March 2012 DOI: 10.1177/0149206311436079 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jom.sagepub.com/content/38/4/932 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Southern Management Association Additional services and information for Journal of Management can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jom.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jom.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> Version of Record - May 29, 2012 OnlineFirst Version of Record - Mar 1, 2012 What is This? Downloaded from jom.sagepub.com at Sunway Education Group on April 23, 2014 Journal of Management Vol. 38 No. 4, July 2012 932-968 DOI: 10.1177/0149206311436079 © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: http://www. sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav What We Know and Don’t Know About Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review and Research Agenda Herman Aguinis Indiana University Ante Glavas University of Notre Dame The authors review the corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature based on 588 journal articles and 102 books and book chapters. They offer a multilevel and multidisciplinary theoretical framework that synthesizes and integrates the literature at the institutional, organizational, and individual levels of analysis. The framework includes reactive and proactive...
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...by Max Webber and is applicable directly to public and private enterprises rather than the social sector organizations. Organizational structure is known to follow the strategy adopted by the organization which in turn is influenced by the ideology that the organization follows. This paper attempts to examine how the ideological structure of organizations and alternative structures of control affect different organizational interests and outputs. Two propositions are identified; the first is Organizational ideology, politics, strategy and structure have significant impacts on the NGO’s strategy formulation and implementation and the second is NGO context affects approaches to strategy formulation and implementation as well as organizational structure and relationships. Introduction: NGOs- Part of the Social Service Sector: Management science attributed the study of organization to Max Weber, whose sociological agenda justified organizations as extensions of society, their organizational formats derived from religious beliefs, power and status-- organizations whose functionalism is rooted in the practical, functional disciplines that seek ways of controlling and making more efficient the organization‘s production of goods and services (Robbins 1990). Seeking the third way between government and private enterprise, the mandates of the third sector are...
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...income/consumption level or ‘poverty line’ (Lipton and Ravallion, 1993: 1 in Handley et al., 2009). Multidimensional definitions acknowledge that poverty is also defined by a sense of helplessness, dependence and lack of opportunities, self-confidence and self-respect on the part of the poor. (Narayan et al., 2000). Sen (1999) defines poverty as lack of freedom while another dimension view it as interlinked forms of deprivation in the economic, human, political, sociocultural and protective spheres (OECD, 2006).This essay discusses the issue of poverty in Africa from colonial period to present day. The paper also analyses the causes of poverty since colonial era, the poverty alleviation strategies adopted to deal with poverty and propose possible solutions for poverty alleviation. A plethora of case studies will be drawn from several countries to substantiate the claims and insights provides in this paper. 2.0 Poverty, colonialism and Colonial Legacy Poverty is attributed to colonial legacy and how colonial rule marginalized the Africans in economic participation. In Africa, poverty is attributed to the economic activities of the colonial masters which exploited labour, natural resources and expropriated the continent while there was little plough back to citizen nations. A classical study by (Rodney, 1972) “How Europe Underdeveloped...
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...activism to challenge injustices encompassed in civil, political, economic, and social spheres that affect lives worldwide. Using this backdrop, the global movement for women rights strives to enhance the human rights discourse by redressing gender vulnerabilities. Even though there are still continuing political struggles in making central the concerns of gender abuse, it has achieved considerable rethinking of the human rights doctrine as formerly understood....
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...CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN VIETNAM; A STUDY OF ITS IMPORTANCE BY PHAM THUY LY E0700048 i BACHELOR OF BUSINESS (ACCOUNTING) HONS HELP UNIVERSITY COLLEGE MARCH 2011 DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY AND WORD COUNT I hereby declare that the graduation project is based on my original work except for quotations and citations which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently submitted for any other course/degree at Help University College or other institutions. The word count is 10,758 words. ii _____________________ Pham Thuy Ly 28 March, 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This project would not have been made possible without the assistance, support and encouragement of many people. I wish to take this opportunity to thank all the people who have helped me during the time of completing this study. I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Le Van Lien, International School, Vietnam National University Hanoi. He has kindly helped me and supported me all the way through. I also would like to express my thank to Ms. Sumathi and Ms. Shenba, Help University College, who initiated the project and give so much instruction and support. Additionally, I also would like to extend my special thanks to managers, accountants, my friends, and other people who have help me to carry out the survey. I want to thank them for all their support, interest and valuable hints. PHAM THUY LY iii CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN VIETNAM;...
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