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How Does Mark Twain Use Satire In The Damned Human Race

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In Mark Twain’s satirical short story, The Damned Human Race, he utilizes the satirical technique of Reversal. The story is a parody (which is it’s own technique) of the scientific method and theorizes that humans are the lowest and least evolved beings. It’s purpose is to draw attention to how selfish and brutish humans can be. Twain starts by establishing the fact that humans are one species and are just linked to the top of the food chain, “[Humans] are links in the chain which stretches down from the higher animals to man at the bottom.” This shows reversal; outside of Twain’s world, we regard humans as the highest on the food chain, not the other way around. He’s switching this up to be satirical. The next example is when he is comparing

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