...Lissette Garcia Dr. O’Brien ACWRI 4 Nov. 2015 Summary: “How Facts Backfire” One Sentence Summary: In “How facts backfire”, Joe Keohane emphasizes that some people tend to have a very strong opinion on a subject that they are not well informed of, but when they are provided with the accurate information they deny it and oppose what is true with their original beliefs that are generally incorrect. Paragraph Summary: In Joe Keohane’s essay, “How facts backfire”, he starts his argument by asserting that scientists have identified people having a habit of not changing their beliefs when given facts. A study done at the University of Michigan, states that people strengthen their beliefs when confronted with facts that may contradict their beliefs. Keohane asserts that some people have their mind set strong on how they take in information and therefore create a strong opinion on the information with the beliefs they already have. When someone is given accurate facts that are against their judgment, they may automatically reject the information because they refuse to accept that they may be wrong. The consequence to having false information can lead to, when it comes to voting, people letting their personal opinions interfere with what they vote for and not vote based on what is good for everyone....
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...Chapter 1 1. Ideas for beyond the final exam a. How much does it really cost? i. Opportunity Costs 1. Value of the next best alternative that must be given up because of that decision. 2. Economists say that the true cost of such decisions are not the number of dollars spend on the computer, new equipment, or military, but rather the VALUE OF WHAT MUST BE GIVEN UP TO ACQUIRE THEM. 3. EXAMPLE- cost of college is more expensive add the money you could be making with a job at home, don’t add housing since you pay that either way (tuition + possible income if you weren’t working) b. Attempts to Repeal the Laws of Supply and Demand- The Market Strikes Back ii. Short Supply-Prices Rise iii. Large Quantity-Prices Fall 4. Ceiling on Price or Price Floors a. Such attempts to repeal the laws of supply and demand usually backfire and cause more problems c. Comparative Advantage iv. Even if one of them is more efficient at everything, both countries can gain by producing the things they do best COMPARATIVELY v. Even if you are better at something than someone else, the time you could be spending on what you specialize in is losing money. Do what you do best and hire someone to do the rest. d. Trade is a Win-Win Situation vi. Fundamental Idea- Both parties must expect to gain something! vii. Some things like ticket scalping...
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...Resolving Ethical Business Challenges Brief Summary: This case is about an employee named Lael who was hired by Best East Motels as part of their manager training program. She was extremely excited to be joining the company due to the potential benefits that she may receive after graduation. In the early stages she gained quite a bit of luck meeting her mentor Nikhil, the son of the motel franchise boss. Despite the great beginning of her tenure, she would learn tht her mentor wasn’t really who she thought he was. After investigating an unusually high turnover rate that would consist of mostly female employees, she learned that her mentor Nikhil was presenting an unethical business view for female employees. Many female employees would come clean to Lael, notifying her of sexual harassment from Nikhil and male employees which left Lael in a dilemma due to her not seeing this behavior with her own eyes and not being a victim herself. 1. Six months into her job, Lael started to realize that there was a heavy employee turnover rate. Through investigating, she realized that the heavy turnover rate was due to sexual harassment claims from female employees against the motel franchise owner’s son Nikhil, who was also her role model. Lael should get involved in reporting if she has not experienced any of the allegations that other employees are making because the franchises employee handbook clearly states that unethical behavior such as sexual harassment is not tolerated and...
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...you can base your assignment on a journal article of your selection. Here are some key words to help you find an article for this assignment: * Decision making * Risk taking * Persuasion * Social heuristics Write a 5–6 page paper in Word format that addresses the following: * Describe a decision-making scenario using your business experience, personal decision making or cited journal article; include an example of the decision-making process, why it was a risk, how persuasion was used, and what the social heuristics were. * Explain the incentives that caused others to support the decision and identify why these incentives were selected. * Identify the risks and the potential decision biases in your scenario. Propose the corrective steps that should have been taken to overcome these biases. If a risk assessment was conducted how did this affect the decision-making process? * Analyze your scenario for what happened in terms of social heuristics. Explain how decisions were made and the social factors that shaped the decision-making environment. * Discuss the greatest challenges to sound decision-making in your scenario. * Critique the decision-making process used by the sponsor(s) and leader(s) of the decision. Identify the mistakes made by the sponsor(s), leader(s) and team members or others impacted...
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...a, CHINA IN AFRICA --SUMMARY BY MATTHIAS SUMPF Content Introduction............................................................................................................................................. 2 Main part ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Background and context ..................................................................................................................... 2 China’s approach on getting closer with Africa ................................................................................... 2 Facts and figures.................................................................................................................................. 3 Other interests .................................................................................................................................... 3 China vs. the West ............................................................................................................................... 3 Chinese emigration and its impact ...................................................................................................... 4 Africa’s relation with China ................................................................................................................. 5 The West’s reaction.......................................................................................................
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...The Relationship between the Crimean Crisis and Globalization Introduction Beginning in late November, the Ukraine crisis has become a worldwide headline that has encompassed a complex number of both intranational and international issues. The catalyzing event that led to the crisis was the decision by former Ukrainian President, Viktor Yanukovych, to negate trade talks with the European Union and instead pursue closer ties with Russia. This spurred protests from thousands of people, and as the conflict escalated it forced Yanukovych to escape the Ukraine and secede from his position as the Ukrainian President. In a move that can be seen as blatantly opportunistic, Russia effectively used the civil calamity in the Ukraine to annex the Republic of Crimea, a move regarded as highly illegal by the majority of the international community. On the surface, Russia has claimed that the move itself has been carried out to ensure the continued safety of ethnic Russians living within the Republic. However, after careful analyzation of the economic ties that bind Russia and the Ukraine, one can conclude that the annexation of Crimea is part of a larger plan to ensure that the Ukraine continues to comply with Russia economically. When applying this theory through the context of a realist perspective, it becomes obvious that Russia is acting in their own self-interest as a power maximizer in order to ward off the influence of western globalization. In response to increasing Russian aggression...
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...Having Brandy participate in a survey that will assess her motivation to change on a 1 to 10 scale will allow the therapist to understand where Brandy is at, and how to meet her there. In using the scale, the therapist can then use open ended questions that will give further information or insight about Brandy. Questions on the scale will directly assess Brandy's motivation to change such as "On a scale of 1-10, how much do you feel your heroin use affects your life?" Etc.…essentially using a readiness to change ruler. (Sobell &...
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...ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The satisfaction that accompanies successful completion of nay task would be incomplete without mentioning the people who made it possible, whose guidance and encouragement crowed one's efforts with success. I express my deep gratitude to my project guide, Ms. Raquel Pascua, who gave me the inspiration to pursue the project and guided me in this endeavor. She has been a constant source of motivation and encouragement for me. I thank her for all the initiative and zeal she filled me with throughout and valuable guidance. I take immense pleasure in thanking her for the freedom of thought and action; I have enjoyed during the entire course my project work. I shall cherish my association with her. I would also like to express my heartfelt thanks to my college for the constant encouragement and provision of excellent library facilities. Finally I would like to thank all the people who helped directly or indirectly, for the successful completion of this term paper. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement…………………................................ | Page1 | Table of Contents……………........................................ | Page 2 | Introduction……………………………….......................... | Page 3 | Body………………..……………………………….................... | Page 4-16 | Conclusion……………………………................................. | Page 17 | Bibliography..……………………………........................... | Page 18 | INTRODUCTION Decision making can be regarded as an outcome of mental...
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... Mitchell Lunde University of Maryland University College MRKT 495 21/10/2013 Table of Contents Executive Summary Company/Product Analysis Problem Statement and Underlying Symptoms Bert Clark faces many challenges as vice-president and general manager of Brannigan Foods’ Soup Division, but nothing could have prepared him for what he recently read. A critical analysis of the entire soup industry indicated the situation as dismal and with no end in sight. Because of the increased health concerns amongst American consumers and the perception of most soups as being high in sodium and full of preservatives, many consumers have either stopped buying soup entirely, or have moved to fresher, healthier soups. Not only is the report slightly negative, but the company’s own market share, sales, and profitability has been slipping for the past three consecutive years indicating only one thing: new strategies had to be implemented in order to subside the downward spiral. The people he depended most on in his division had all provided their own careful analysis and recommendations, but despite their efforts, there was no comprehensive solution amongst any of the recommendations. There was however one point which Clark felt was his division’s most pressing need: in order for the company to grow, it had to target products to a younger audience despite the fact older segments consumed a majority of condensed and ready to eat (RTE) soups. In order to acquire this group however...
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...have any questions or concerns. Regards, Sr. Consultant TechWave Consulting Background Information Brightcove was founded in 2004 by Jeremy Allaire and focused on building a full-featured Web-based software platform for video publishers of all levels. Jeremy Allaire has a full resume demonstrating his experience and success as and entrepreneur and a technologist. His desire was to mature Brightcove’s services and technology so that it served a multisided media distributor catering to, content owners, advertisers, affiliate distributors, and consumers. The re-launch of the Brightcove website in 2006 was a significant step toward positioning his company as a market leader in the internet television business. Summary of Facts The vision of Brightcove was to...
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...To Build a Fire Summary A man travels in the Yukon (in Alaska) on an extremely cold morning with a husky wolf-dog. The cold does not faze the man, a newcomer to the Yukon, who plans to meet his friends by six o'clock at an old claim. As it grows colder, he realizes his unprotected cheekbones will freeze, but he does not pay it much attention. He walks along a creek trail, mindful of the dangerous, concealed springs; even getting wet feet on such a cold day is extremely dangerous. He stops for lunch and builds a fire. The man continues on and, in a seemingly safe spot, falls through the snow and wets himself up to his shins. He curses his luck; starting a fire and drying his foot-gear will delay him at least an hour. His feet and fingers are numb, but he starts the fire. He remembers the old-timer from Sulphur Creek who had warned him that no man should travel in the Klondike alone when the temperature was fifty degrees below zero. The man unties his icy moccasins, but before he can cut the frozen strings on them, clumps of snow from the spruce tree above fall down and snuff out the fire. Though building a fire in the open would have been wiser, it had been easier for the man to take twigs from the spruce tree and drop them directly below on to the fire. Each time he pulled a twig, he had slightly agitated the tree until, at this point, a bough high up had capsized its load of snow. It capsized lower boughs in turn until a small avalanche had blotted out the fire. The man is...
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...the accomplishment of a company's organizational goals. It depends on the personality traits of the individual exercising the power. There are five types of organizational power: reward, coercive, expert, legitimate and referent. Reward and coercive power are commonly used within organizations. However the use of these two together can decrease the power of the individuals over time. 5 Types of Managerial Powers in ME: by Justin Johnson, Demand Media Businesses are run by people in power. There are, however, different kinds of power that allow those wielding them to use varying approaches and methods with varying degrees of effectiveness. There are five basic types of power in business, and it is important to learn how to recognize each type, and how to use each type effectively in business situations. Coercive Power Coercive power is the most primitive type of power in the workplace. Coercive power exists when a person in authority threatens a subordinate with some type of punishment if a certain duty or activity is not completed or performed correctly. It is important to note that coercive power is used most effectively in scenarios where the business is in a crisis or is somehow threatened. Coercive power can also be used effectively when attempting to make cuts in personnel as a result of management shifts and transitions. Legitimate Power Legitimate power exists when the subordinates of someone in authority comply with orders given to them because they believe...
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...Ace That Group Discussion! Companies use Group Discussions for recruitment at the junior management level, as GDs are good indicators of managerial ability. Use these tips to improve your performance at a Group Discussion. Passed the written test for the first job? Managed to talk your way through the interview? Wait! you still have a major hurdle to cross. The Group Discussion. GDs make our worst fears come alive: to speak in front of a group of heckling strangers and having to make an impact. GDs are a popular method of recruitment for B-schools. Now they are also gaining respectability as companies are increasingly using GDs for recruitment at junior management levels. The popularity of the GD rests on the fact that they test the real-world skills like teamwork, group interaction and the ability to solve a problem logically; attributes, which are essential for good managers. Types Of Group Discussions Normal GD: A group of 10-12 candidates are given a topic to discuss. They are seated in circular or semi-circular fashion. They are given 2-3 minutes to prepare and then asked to speak on the subject. The topics are general and open-ended. Controversial GD: The purpose of this kind of GD is to encourage debate so that the participants are forced to take a stance for or against the topic. This enables the recruiters to gauge the candidates more deeply. Controversial GDs are not open-ended. Case Study GD: In this kind of GD a complex situation is given to the participants...
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...Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Introduction 2 Conceptual Skill 3 Interpersonal Skill 5 Technical Skill 7 Self-reflection 9 Conclusion 10 Reference 12 Executive Summary Leadership is a topic which consist numbers of subtopic that is very useful in the workplace. For example, leadership styles, managerial skills, power and others. Leadership mainly talks about how a person influences others in order to achieve target goals. In this report, I will briefly explain about what are leadership and the three managerial skills. The three common managerial skills are conceptual skills, interpersonal skills and technical skills. The discussion will include definition and the importance. Finally, it will be followed by self-reflection and conclusion about the topic. Introduction What is leadership? According to the journal, “Leadership vs. Management” by George A. Bohoris and Evanthia P.Vorria, There are many diverse definitions of leadership. Stogdill concluded that “there are almost as many definitions of leadership as there are persons who have attempted to define the concept”. While Peter Drucker sums up that: “The only definition of a leader is someone who has followers. To gain followers requires influence but doesn’t exclude the lack of integrity in achieving this” (Yukl, 1989). Some theorists believe that leadership is no different from the social influence processes occurring among all members of a group and others believe that leadership is everything...
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...Utilitarianism or consequentialism, as just what its term “consequentialism” means. This paradigm is developed [originally] by Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John S. Mill (1806-1873). Judges one’s action based on the maximums of the good in the world. In this approach, the manager evaluates how the decision will affect [directly] the employee(s) and others. The managers identify the potential positive and potential negative consequences. If it will results “to the greatest good and for the greatest number,” the manager using the utilitarian approach is feasibly will make dubious decision. Utilitarian ideology is that it is ethical if the result will only give the “greatest advantages and benefits, and to the greatest number of people.” The theory seems to point out a situation in which it seems to provide the wrong answer to an ethical dilemma. I think of Dr. Kevorkian a good example using this approach. As this approach contemplates both bad and good, utilitarian’s rationale in this situation was to stop the pain for the suffering patient and maybe stop the financial hardships for the family too. This approach will solve the pain and resolve financial issues. This is fine and dandy, but it may backfire to our society. The family and physicians may start pressuring terminally ill- patients just to “pull the plug” [hypothetically] to have more hospital bed-space and end the financial obligations. [I am sure Hitler thought this way too.] Universalism...
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