...may then provide reasons for buying a product and for believing the advertiser’s claims. Advertisers use a variety of techniques to create effective advertisements. They start with a basic appeal, which is the main selling point, or theme, of an advertisement. They then use certain specific techniques. The most commonly used techniques include (1) attention-getting headlines, (2) slogans, (3) testimonials, (4) product characteristics, (5) comparison of products, and (6) repetition. Task Your group, employees of the Acme Advertising Agency, has just been assigned to design a new campaign promoting one of the products of the Columbian Exchange as being the most influential to world history, affecting the largest number of people. The products are cassava, the potato, the trade in silver, the Atlantic slave trade, and sugar. To add to the mix of products, an old time favorite commodity is offered as well, silk. Your group must present its advertising campaign, its pitch for the product that your group is assigned, to company executives trying to decide which product to represent in an international advertising promotion. Your “global pitch” must include a poster-size ad and arguments demonstrating the significance and influence of your product in world history and its effect on the largest number of people. Your group should display the “print” advertisement during the group’s brief, in-class presentation in which each member of the group must present one argument...
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...there, contributes much to our understanding of Buddhist practice in India - especially in regards to how it changed and evolved over time. To explain, this document sheds light on the scholarly debate within Buddhism by illustrating the various schools of thought that existed within India and the disparities amongst them - portraying how Buddhism was not an entirely unified or consolidated faith system. In his writing is also evident the fact that each of the many disparate Buddhist institutions was governed by its own edicts, laws, and regulations - giving rise to a highly stratified and varied faith system. As Xuanzang writes in his accounts, “The different schools are constantly at variance, and their contending utterances rise like the angry waves of the sea. The different sects have their separate masters… There are eighteen schools, each claiming pre-eminence. The partisans of the Great and Little Vehicle are content to dwell apart. There are some who give themselves up to quiet contemplation, and devote themselves [...] to the acquirement of wisdom and insight; others, on the contrary, differ from these in raising noisy contentions about...
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...to protect them from enemies and to conquer and control others. Although fireworks today are used as entertainment, the Chinese used it to scare-off enemies in the time of war. Chinese firearms, fireworks and gunpowder were also popular items of trade along the Silk Road to Europe. As we can imagine this invention had a profound effect on human history and although gunpowder was invented by the Chinese, it gave rise to the powerful western world while it inevitably left China and the Eastern World behind. B. Description of the Chinese Culture (Brandy Miller) 1. Chinese Society: Understanding a people's culture exposes their normalness without reducing their individuality. There are many different realms of Chinese society. China is well known for its centuries of traditional values, customs and beliefs. These beliefs are deeply linked with the language, religions and collective values which have always been the center of traditional festivals, customs and everyday life of man as a collective in harmony with nature (Needham, J., 1986). Despite the strong Chinese cultural traditions, the last century has seen a great deal of social change in China. Most recently, increased involvement in the global economic market has led to a high level of prosperity in China which is unfortunately not shared by all. Global influences have also led to the increased interest in science and technology, which are...
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...International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories.[1] In most countries, such trade represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP). While international trade has been present throughout much of history (see Silk Road, Amber Road), its economic, social, and political importance has been on the rise in recent centuries. Industrialization, advanced transportation, globalization, multinational corporations, and outsourcing are all having a major impact on the international trade system. Increasing international trade is crucial to the continuance of globalization. Without international trade, nations would be limited to the goods and services produced within their own borders. International trade is, in principle, not different from domestic trade as the motivation and the behavior of parties involved in a trade do not change fundamentally regardless of whether trade is across a border or not. The main difference is that international trade is typically more costly than domestic trade. The reason is that a border typically imposes additional costs such as tariffs, time costs due to border delays and costs associated with country differences such as language, the legal system or culture. Another difference between domestic and international trade is that factors of production such as capital and labor are typically more mobile within a country than across countries. Thus international trade is mostly restricted...
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...that allowed them to conquer and rule the sedentary people of Eurasia. They were able to rule their conquered land by dividing it into Khanates (sections) ruled individually by Khans (rulers). Their rule both positively and negatively affected the people they conquered because the Mongols set up trade, which benefitted the conquered, but they also forced the conquered to pay tribute. These factors allowed the Mongols to grow the largest land empire of history that spanned all over Eurasia. The Mongols were in part able to conquer so fast and effectively because of the methods they used to expand. An Italian explorer from Venice, Marco Polo, wrote a report on the Mongols from his trips to China and the Far East during 1274 through 1290. From Marco’s exploration he learned about the extreme expertise of the Mongols and the innovations and ideas they used that revolutionized fighting. Polo learned that the Mongols became experts at shooting their bow from when they were young. (Document #3) Their bow, made from sinew and horn, was capable of shooting 100 yards father than the classic English longbow. When you take into account the Mongols extreme skill at shooting was combined with an innovation of the stirrup (saddle) you can see how the Mongols were able to conquer so efficiently. The stirrup allowed the Mongols to shoot in any direction while riding a horse, making it optimal for them in massacring their enemy when you combine this with their great shooting ability...
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...AP World History - Stearns Chapter 2 – Classical Civilization: China I. Introduction – longest-lived civilization in history A. Isolated 1. Couldn’t learn from other cultures 2. Rare invasions 3. Distinctive identity 4. Relatively little internal chaos w/ decline of Shang dynasty a. Greatest links to classical society B. Intellectual theory 1. Harmony of nature – yin and yang – balance 2. Seek Dao – the way a. Avoid excess b. Appreciate balance of opposites c. Humans part of world, not on outside – like Mediterranean Thesis: China emerged with an unusually well-integrated system in which government, philosophy, economic incentives, the family, and the individual were intended to blend into a harmonious whole. II. Patterns in Classical China A. Pattern of rule 1. Dynasty, family of kings – create strong politics, economy 2. Dynasty grew weak, taxes declined 3. Social divisions increased 4. Invasion or internal rebellion 5. Another dynasty emerged – general, invader, peasant rebel B. Zhou Dynasty – 1029-258 BCE 1. Started decline in 700 BCE 2. Ruled w/ local princes – alliance system a. Successful in agricultural communities – ie manor system Europe b. Princes received land for troops/tax 3. Eventually local leaders ignored central gov’t 4. Contributions a. Extended territory to “Middle Kingdom” – wheat north, rice south 1. Transportation/communication...
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...limit on corporate activity in developing countries to protect their economies, environments and cultures. How far does globalization go back? Some people argue that globalization can be traced back to the Turks control of the Silk Road or the discovery of the Americas. (Ornek, Globalization and Cultural Identity) Others claim that it began at the end of the 19th century with the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. (Ornek, Globalization and Cultural Identity) There is no certain start point for globalization but two modern technologies have helped globalization become more noticeable, communication and transportation. (Ornek, Globalization and Cultural Identity) Regardless of when globalization began, it is an ever-expanding process. Economics is one of the most heavily affected by globalization. As corporations expand and build factories in other countries they not only harm the economy of the host country but also of the home country. These companies are practicing outsourcing, meaning that they are taking jobs from people in home countries and giving them to those in host countries. This helps raise the unemployment percentage in home countries. For example according to the US census and the statistics from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and Population the percentage of employment started dropping when globalization took off in 2001, when China joined the World Trade Organization. (Tverberg, 12 Negative Aspects of Globalization) Globalization also tends to move taxation...
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...Sample Essay 1 Belief systems and philosophies have greatly affected the people and societies where they are practiced. They give guidelines on how to live their lives and affect every aspect of their cultures. Two such belief systems and philosophies are Hinduism and Confucianism. Hinduism is a religion with no founder. The people who practice this religion believe in moksha and reincarnation. Moksha is the freedom from earthly desires and a complete understanding of the world. Reincarnation is the belief that people are reborn over and over again until achieving moksha. Whether or not they are born into a good life depends on their previous life’s karma (good or bad deeds). In Hinduism, they also have a caste system. It divides people into four social classes and hardly gives any social mobility at all. People are decided which class they belong to at birth. For example, if a child is born into a family of slaves, that child will be a slave for the rest of his life. Confucianism is a philosophy started by Confucius in China. In Confucianism, the people valued education and believed in filial piety, the respect for elders. They also believed in the spirits of ancestors and created the famous quote, “do not do unto others, what you would not want them to do unto you.” Hinduism and Confucianism greatly affected the people and societies they were practiced in. In Hinduism, because of the belief in reincarnation and karma, people avoided doing bad deeds. Those who achieved...
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...Marco Polo affected history, and is still important in learning about history to this day. Details on Marco’s personal life is nearly non-existent, except for the information that is given in his book....
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...1900)—20% | 32 – 35 | Period 6 (1900 to the present)—20% | 36 – 38 | Help with Some Confusing Subjects | 39 – 43 | Chinese Dynasties | 39 | Political, Economic, and Social Systems | 40 | Religions | 41 | Primary Sources | 42 | “Must Know” Years | 43 | * Many of the guidelines in this study packet are adapted from the AP World History Course Description, developed by College Board. The AP Exam Purchasing and taking the AP World History exam are requirements of the course. This year, the AP World History exam will be administered on: ___________________________________________ Format I. Multiple Choice a. You will have 55 minutes to answer 70 Questions. b. Each question has options A, B, C, and D. c. Questions are divided evenly between the five course themes (20% each) and six periods. d. Each questions addresses one of the four historical thinking skills. e. You should answer ALL 70 questions, even if you have to guess. There are no points off...
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...1900)—20% | 32 – 35 | Period 6 (1900 to the present)—20% | 36 – 38 | Help with Some Confusing Subjects | 39 – 43 | Chinese Dynasties | 39 | Political, Economic, and Social Systems | 40 | Religions | 41 | Primary Sources | 42 | “Must Know” Years | 43 | * Many of the guidelines in this study packet are adapted from the AP World History Course Description, developed by College Board. The AP Exam Purchasing and taking the AP World History exam are requirements of the course. This year, the AP World History exam will be administered on: ___________________________________________ Format I. Multiple Choice a. You will have 55 minutes to answer 70 Questions. b. Each question has options A, B, C, and D. c. Questions are divided evenly between the five course themes (20% each) and six periods. d. Each questions addresses one of the four historical thinking skills. e. You should answer ALL 70 questions, even if you have to guess. There are no points off...
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...Discuss the different economic integration and how each form affects international trade? Introduction Definition of economic integration: International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories. In most countries, such trade represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP). While international trade has been present throughout much of history (see Silk Road, Amber Road), it’s economic, social, and political importance has been on the rise in recent centuries. It is the presupposition of international trade that a sufficient level of geopolitical peace and stability are prevailing in order to allow for the peaceful exchange of trade and commerce to take place between nations. Economic integration is the unification of economic policies between different states through the partial or full abolition of tariff and non-tariff restrictions on trade taking place among them prior to their integration. This is meant in turn to lead to lower prices for distributors and consumers with the goal of increasing the combined economic productivity of the states. Economic integration refers to the coordination of national economic policies as a means of boosting international trade, market activity and general cooperation among economies. Formal international economic unions are a recent phenomenon, but former International Monetary Fund economic counselor Michael Mussa traces the roots of global economic integration to...
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...Foundations: c. 8000 B.C.E.–600 C.E. Major Developments 1. Locating world history in the environment and time 1. Environment 1. Geography and climate: Interaction of geography and climate with the development of human society a. Five Themes of Geography – consider these 1. Relative location – location compared to others 2. Physical characteristics – climate, vegetation and human characteristics 3. Human/environment interaction – how do humans interact/alter environ a. Leads to change 4. Movement – peoples, goods, ideas among/between groups 5. Regions – cultural/physical characteristics in common with surrounding areas b. E. Africa first people – 750,000 years ago started to move 1. moving in search of food c. Role of Climate – End of Ice Age 12000 BCE – large areas of N. America, Europe, Asia became habitable – big game hunters already migrated 1. Geographical changes - 3000 BCE Green Sahara began to dry up, seeds to forests – N. America 2. Effect on humans – nomadic hunters didn’t move so much a. Settle near abundant plant life – beginning of civilization b. Sedentary life w/ dependable food supply 3. milder conditions, warmer temperatures, higher ocean...
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...Short and Medium Term Development for Umm Qasr Robert C. Haywood, SEDA-MND(SE) April 9, 2008 Basra Summary and Conclusion: The Port of Umm Qasr is an outdated, badly operated, insecure small port in Southern Iraq, which will increasingly limit the economic potential of the country. Access to the port is naturally limited by its shallow river location, high silt deposit rates, long approach and international boundaries. Umm Qasr activities are also limited by man-made obstacles such as wrecks, UXOs and minefields encroaching on its single, narrow channel. Despite these limitations, for the next 10 to 15 years Umm Qasr is clearly Iraq's most viable international port and one that is struggling to achieve a small fraction of its potential traffic. Numerous surveys of the port have stated that the currently operating equipment for cargo handling is inadequate for a vibrant, functioning port. However, the capacity of the port with its current equipment is substantially greater than what is being achieved, and additional equipment alone would have little impact on the port’s overall throughput or employment because the current operating systems and procedures are already incapable of productively utilizing and maintaining the port’s quite substantial current assets. In a port suffering from organizational chaos, even manual systems will permit substantially improved port efficiency. Training in systems to minimize cargo handling, documentation management...
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...dry bulk). What influences freight rates? How has this influenced the demand for port services and the setting of port charges and tariffs? Huda Mohammad Nazmul Student ID: 1120130936 Major: Master’s of Business Management Dalian Maritime University Dalian, China Abstract After the economic crisis in 2007-2008 fiscal years the freight market remained volatile and freight rate remained low in various market segments. The purpose of the study to determine the factors those influence the freight rate and how those influence the demand of port services and setting charges for the port. The depression in market segments affects the supply and demand of the freight of the shipping lines which also has an effect on the demand of port services and setting of port charges and tariffs. The research paper shows the factors that influence the freight rate as well as the influence on the port services and setting charges and tariffs which lead to a change in port operation, reform and regulation. To illustrate the relation among them international trade theory and other historical data has been considered as the evaluations of the paper. In the discussion of different market segments new demands for the port operation and setting charges has been illustrated. Fundamental concepts on port pricing, freight rate and services introduced by the previous research on this topic has been considered as a source of information...
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