...Historical Jesus, and How Manuscripts Can Reveal What Texts Conceal Tom Dykstra I grew up with a picture of Paul traveling through Asia and Europe, founding congregations, counseling and teaching the men and women who had given their life to Jesus. If he could not visit them, he sent letters. When Paul died, his letters were kept as treasures. Each church that had received one of his letters saved it, had it read during worship services, and exchanged copies of the letter with other congregations close by. Later the congregations tried to complete their collection. But this view does not match the uniformity of manuscript evidence. --David Trobisch 1 It is even more remarkable that attempts to reconstruct the supposed document 'Q' (the lost collection used by both Matthew and Luke postulated by those who argue that Matthew and Luke are independent) use text-critical terminology to describe their activities. However, since all they are doing is making selections from a twentieth-century printed text, which does not even presume to provide confidently the text of the four-Gospel collection, never mind that of the independent first-century texts, this use of language must be dismissed as illusory. --David Parker 2 Modern scholarship has produced detailed biographies of Paul, massive multi-volume inquiries into “the historical Jesus,” and mountains of exegetical literature that claims to extract the author’s meaning from each word of each New Testament book. Typically, this literature...
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...ORIGINAL SIN: DO ALL INFANTS GO TO HEAVEN? Harold Wayne Yeager, Jr. (ID# 24582631) THEO 525 LUO (fall 2012) Systematic Theology I October 10, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS Thesis Statement……..…………………………………………………………………………1 Introduction……...…...…………………………………………………………………………1 A Look Into The Past……...……………………………………………………………………2 Roman Catholic View………..…………………………………………………………………3 Lutheran View…….…………………………………………………………………………….4 Reformed View………………………………………………………………………………….5 Biblical Perspective……...……………………………………………………..……………….8 A Special Application of Atonement...………………………………………………………….9 A Modern Look………………………………………………………………………………..10 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………….10 Thesis Statement It is the intent of this paper to show that children who die in infancy, regardless of the beliefs of their parents, are given salvation and therefore spend eternity in heaven. Original sin is still present, but God, being free and independent of us, freely chooses to save infants who are not capable of making a choice to commit their lives to Christ. Introduction Infant salvation is a complex issue, sometimes controversial and a topic of much debate within Christendom. The issue of infant salvation first arose with the institution of infant baptism, done so that infants who died would be baptized, and thus saved in case of death. Though that debate has subsided in recent years, it is not due to a...
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...Introduction Creating an effective scheme of work, less than a term into a teaching career, was certainly daunting. Given the complexities of planning for a single lesson – taking into account a long and growing list of factors ‘from provision to pupils with SEN’ to the ‘literacy objective’ that considerably lengthen every written plan – the hurdles to overcome when planning for an 8-week scheme would surely but multiply. While the freedom at my fingertips was invigorating, there was the gnawing sense that failure to grasp the key issues involved would lead to the teacher’s greatest fear – wasted lessons; wasted lessons after which the class would struggle to maintain a respect for the teacher. Furthermore, it would be the waste of an outstanding opportunity. As commentators to the publication Teaching History have repeatedly stressed, the new History National Curriculum for Key Stage 3 offers teachers a ‘glorious flexibility’ to throw out the straight-jacket of centralised requirements beholden to political overlords (Dawson 2008, 18). Instead, led by a relit passion for their discipline, teachers are able to respond to the very specific needs of their school and construct personalised routes towards a variety of objectives. For some commentators, the National Curriculum Key Concepts and their accompanying levels represent the vestiges of an ancien regime of central control that prevent true pupil ownership developing (see Knight 2008). However, a determination to facilitate...
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...THE SYNOPTIC APOCALYPSE (MARK 13 PAR): A DOCUMENT FROM THE TIME OF BAR KOCHBA Hermann Detering* he thirteenth chapter of the Gospel of Mark belongs to those texts of the New Testament which have been examined particularly often in recent times. Despite many differences in detail, a certain consensus is apparent between exegeses in so far as they all assume that the text in question, the so-called “Synoptic Apocalypse” (hereafter abbreviated as the SynApoc), arose either in the first or the second half of the first century. This investigation, however, will show that there are a number of factors which exclude such a dating and that numerous of clues indicate rather an origin in the time of the Bar Kochba uprising (132-135 CE). To be sure, the possibility of assigning such a date, which diverges considerably from what is usually taken for granted, does not even occure to most scholars, since the conclusion of their investigation is clearly determined by a prior methodological assumption: since the common assumption is that both Mark and Matthew were written in the second half of the first century, the SynApoc must also belong to this period or even precede it. In my opinion, however, for various reasons, it is highly questionable whether the customary and generally accepted dating of Mark's gospel around 70 CE is correct. Whoever concerns himself with the question of when the Synoptic Gospels arose quickly notices that he has hit upon a genuine weak point in the scholarly study...
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...A Review of Acemoglu and Robinson’s Why Nations Fail by Michele Boldrin, David K. Levine and Salvatore Modica Acemoglu and Robinson’s Why Nations Fail [2012] is a grand history in the style of Diamond [1997] or McNeil [1963]. Like those books, this book is exceptionally fun to read and full of interesting historical examples and provocative ideas. The basic theme of the book is that what matters most in why some nations fail – and others succeed, for the book is as much about success as failure – are not – as earlier authors have argued - economic policies, geography, culture, or value systems – but rather institutions, more precisely the political institutions that determine economic institutions. Acemoglu and Robinson theorize that political institutions can be divided into two kinds - “extractive” institutions in which a “small” group of individuals do their best to exploit - in the sense of Marx - the rest of the population, and “inclusive” institutions in which “many” people are included in the process of governing hence the exploitation process is either attenuated or absent. Needless to say Acemoglu and Robinson’s theory is more subtle than this simple summary. They argue that for any economic success political institutions must be sufficiently centralized to provide basic public services including justice, the enforcement of contracts, and education. Given that these functions are carried out, inclusive institutions enable innovative energies to emerge and lead to continuing...
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...Sources A researcher is investigating how different universities approach the issue of academic integrity. He has found the following case study on the website of iParadigms, which developed the software package Turnitin for plagiarism detection. He decides he wants to use some of the information in the report. Strengthening Honour Codes through Plagiarism Detection[1] Academic integrity was suffering at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Each of the university’s schools had an ethics committee to investigate charges of academic dishonesty, but there was no uniformity in how standards were applied or enforced. There was also no mechanism for sharing information between schools regarding serial cheaters. And because it was faculty-run, the students had little investment in the system and therefore took it lightly. To address these shortcomings, the University reinvented their approach to honour codes on campus. Instead of faculty-run ethics committees for each school, they established a Student Honor Code Council, serving the entire campus, which was responsible for writing the honor code and evaluating cases of honour code violations. The university administration, faculty, and student body all agreed that putting students in charge of the honor code was the surest way to establish a lasting culture of academic honesty. Which of the following is an acceptable way to use the source material in the report? Comment on how acceptable you find the other uses of the...
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...Design Fourth Edition Prepared by Susan Merritt Professor and Head of Graphic Design School of Art, Design, and Art History San Diego State University (SDSU) With assistance from Chris McCampbell and Jenny Yoshida John Wiley & Sons, Inc. i DISCLAIMER The information in this book has been derived and extracted from a multitude of sources including building codes, fire codes, industry codes and standards, manufacturer’s literature, engineering reference works, and personal professional experience. It is presented in good faith. Although the authors and the publisher have made every reasonable effort to make the information presented accurate and authoritative, they do not warrant, and assume no liability for, its accuracy or completeness or fitness for any specific purpose. The information is intended primarily as a learning and teaching aid, and not as a final source of information for the design of building systems by design professionals. It is the responsibility of users to apply their professional knowledge in the application of the information presented in this book, and to consult original sources for current and detailed information as needed, for actual design situations. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2006 by John Wiley and Sons. All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any...
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...A STUDY OF FULVIA by Allison Jean Weir A thesis submitted to the Department of Classics In conformity with the requirements for The degree of Master of Arts Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada December 2007 copyright © Allison Jean Weir 2007 Abstract Who was Fulvia? Was she the politically aggressive and dominating wife of Mark Antony as Cicero and Plutarch describe her? Or was she a loyal mother and wife, as Asconius and Appian suggest? These contrasting accounts in the ancient sources warrant further investigation. This thesis seeks to explore the nature of Fulvia’s role in history to the extent that the evidence permits. Fulvia is most famous for her activities during Antony’s consulship (44 BC) and his brother Lucius Antonius’ struggle against C. Octavian in the Perusine War (41-40 BC). But there is a discrepancy among the authors as to what extent she was actually involved. Cicero, Octavian and Antony, who were all key players in events, provide their own particular versions of what occurred. Later authors, such as Appian and Dio, may have been influenced by these earlier, hostile accounts of Fulvia. This is the first study in English to make use of all the available evidence, both literary and material, pertaining to Fulvia. Modern scholarship has a tendency to concentrate almost exclusively on events towards the end of Fulvia’s life, in particular the Perusine War, about which the evidence is much more abundant in later sources such as Appian and...
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...WORSHIP MANUAL by David C. Stone Third edition (May 1998) Revised (October 1998) © 1998 David C. Stone. All rights reserved. This document is very much a continuing effort. It is an attempt to express a theology and philosophy of corporate worship that is becoming increasingly prevalent in churches across both denominational and international borders. This third edition contains greatly expanded content in chapter 1 (The Meaning of Worship) and some additional material in chapter 2 (Corporate Worship). This includes corrections, additional references and a short Bible survey that fills in some of the background material to the text. The first revision finally includes the material on the Tabernacle (section 2.5) and the beginnings of a study on the history of worship (chapter 3, incomplete), as well as some minor section renumbering. I still fully intend to add a chapter on leading worship, but I got a little sidetracked! If you enjoy reading this document, or have any comments or suggestions, please write to me at the address below. I look forward to hearing from you! post: David C. Stone 25 Mabelle Avenue, Apt. 2702 Etobicoke, ON M9A 4Y1 Canada email: dstone@chem.toronto.edu Notice: this email address is provided for comments and requests regarding this document only. Please do not send commercial or bulk mailings to this address, or add this address to any mailing list(s). Your cooperation is greatly appreciated. Contents Copyright Notice &...
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...BASICS WHAT IS FRAUD? Fraud, sometimes referred to as the fraudulent act, is an intentional deception, whether by omission or commission, that causes its victim to suffer an economic loss and/or the perpetrator to realize a gain. A simple working definition of fraud is theft by deception. Legal Elements of Fraud Under common law, fraud includes four essential elements: 1. A material false statement 2. Knowledge that the statement was false when it was spoken 3. Reliance on the false statement by the victim 4. Damages resulting from the victim’s reliance on the false statement In the broadest sense, fraud can encompass any crime for gain that uses deception as its principal technique. This deception is implemented through fraud schemes: specific methodologies used to commit and conceal the fraudulent act. There are three ways to relieve a victim of money illegally: force, trickery, or larceny. Those offenses that employ trickery are frauds. The legal definition of fraud is the same whether the offense is criminal or civil; the difference is that criminal cases must meet a higher burden of proof. For example, let’s assume an employee who worked in the warehouse of a computer manufacturer stole valuable computer chips when no one was looking and resold them to a competitor. This conduct is certainly illegal, but what law has the employee broken? Has he committed fraud? The answer, of course, is that it depends. Let us briefly review the legal ramifications of the theft...
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...for writing. One may write to inform, entertain, oppose, expose, persuade or to preserve facts. Why was the Bible written? In this study, we shall seek to answer that question. Our opinion as to the Bible's purpose is not valid or sufficient (Isa. 55:8, 9). Accordingly, we shall let God, the Holy Spirit; tell us why it was given unto man (1 Cor. 2:6-16). If we know why the Bible was written, we shall know how to use it more effectively (2 Tim. 2:15). Dr. Seuss and Mother Goose are literary works, but their purpose differs from that of Sandburg's "Lincoln" or Shirer's Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. If you doubt that, read them to a three year old at bedtime. If we are to understand the reasons why the word of God was written will assist us in receiving its intended benefits and blessings. To better understand the Bible's purpose and reason for existence, it may help us to see goals that it was not given to accomplish. First, it was not written for profit. Men may make money for publishing it, but the Bible was not written for that purpose. God said, "If I were hungry, I would not tell thee: for the world is mine and the fullness thereof" (Psa. 50:12). Many of the apostles suffered "the loss of all things" (Phil. 3:8; 1 Cor. 4:9-13). Money was not their motivation. Second, the Bible was not written to satisfy idle curiosity. God gave man a curious, inquisitive nature. This wondering trait is extremely useful, but the word of God was not given as a mental stick for the mind to...
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...SHADOWS Prepared for Mr. Zia Imran Prepared by Samiullah khan 06l0365 Sarah Shah 06l0380 Jane 6, 2008 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 THE OPPORTUNITY 5 THE COMPANY, ITS SERVICES AND STRATEGY 6 Company 6 Mission Statement 6 Vision 6 SWOT Analysis 7 Strengths: 7 Weaknesses: 9 Opportunities: 10 Threats: 11 MANAGEMENT 11 MARKETING STRATEGY 14 Product 15 Estimated Production Material: 19 FAB Analysis of Product 20 Pricing 21 Promotion 22 Website 24 Advertisement 24 Trade Shows 24 Australia( Trade Shows) 25 Kuwait( Trade Shows) 26 Placement 27 MARKET ENTRY BARRIERS 28 Tariff Barriers 29 Non Tariff Barriers 29 EXPORTING PROCEDURE 29 MODE OF EXPORTING 31 Advantages of Exporting 32 Disadvantages of Exporting 34 MODES OF PAYMENTS 34 Letters of credit 35 FINANCIALS 36 REFERENCES 42 APPENDIX 1 43 APPENDIX 2 47 APPENDIX 3 50 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The company SHADOWS is aimed to manufacture and export wooden perfumed Blinds which would not only protect the consumers from the sunlight but also satisfy their aesthetic sense. There is much room for such unconventional products. The beauty lies in the making of the oriental product with the skilful hands, which certainly be having a high return and more demand. The geographical location of the host countries will make our product a necessity rather than luxury. Kuwait and Australia are the markets where...
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...architecture. a. Megaron c. agora b. Pylon 4. The smallest among the famous pyramids at Gizeh. a. Pyramid of Cheops c. Pyramid of Chephren b. Pyramid of Mykerinos 5. The largest outer court, open to the sky, in Egyptian temple. a. Sanctuary c. Irypaetral b. Irypostyle 6. The inner secret chamber in the mastaba which contains the statue of the deceased family member. a. Pilaster c. serdab b. Sarcophagus 7. The grandest of all Egyptian temples. a. Palace of Sargon c. Great temple of Ammon, Karnak b. Great temple of Abu-Simbel 8. The principal interior decoration of early Christian churches. a. stained glass c. painting b. mosaic 9. In early Christian churches, it is the covered space between the atrium and the church which was assigned to penitents. a. baldachino c. narthex b. apse 10. A dome placed on the drum. a. simple c. compound b. superpositioned 11. The architect of a church of Santa Sophia Constantinople, the most important church in Constantinople. a. Ictinus and Callicrates b. Apollodorous of Damascus and Isidorous on Miletus c. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorous of Miletus 12. The second largest medieval cathedral. a. Milan Cathedral c. Certosa, Pavia b. S. Antonio, Padua 13. It is one of the largest churches in Europe and contains many monuments to celebrated Italians; hence, it is called the Westminster Abbey of Itay. a. Florence Cathedral c. S. Croce, Florence b. Milan Cathedral 14. The English movement in applied art and directly in architecture during the 2nd half...
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...PEER PRESSURE TO ST. PAUL COLLEGE FOUNDATION INC. IN HAVING VICES” prepared and submitted by CLAIRE BLOOM LUMONTAD, BRUSETTE CASTAÑOS AND YASMIN MARIE S. RODRIGO MS. APRIL LOUISE D. AYATON PANELIST MS. K-ANNIE MARIE SAYON PANELIST MS. DONNAHLOU LAO PANELIST MS. COLLEEN B. SOBREVEGA teacher ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We wanted to take this opportunity to give thanks to people who made a great part of this research paper we have conducted. To our dear Parents, for the financial support they’ve bestowed upon us and of course their unconditional love & concern they have showed us while making these. To our adviser, Mr. Reyno Cañas, who never cease to understand us that she To Ms. Colleen Sobrevega, who had provided us the guidelines on how to come-up with this research paper and broaden more our knowledge about this. To the Panelist, Ms. April Louise D. Ayaton, Ms. K-Annie Marie Sayon, Ms. Donnahlou Lao, who exerted time to lend their ears for criticizing our work that made it better. To our respondents, who were willingly open to share their experiences and answer our questions regarding on our said issue (The randomly selected SPCFIans). To our friends we have who inspires us to do this, namely, Albert Seno, Jeanieme Carcuevas, Nonna Balbarino, Keycee Marie P. Dutosme, Mathew Bregente, Ethel Marie Avenido, Kerr Jayme, Ma. Queenie Faye Ralota, Melojie Lauron, Angie Gimenez and Noelyn Marie Navarro. And...
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...Syllabus NT2799 Network Systems Administration Capstone Project SYLLABUS Credit hours: 4.5 Contact hours: 56 (34 Theory, 22 Lab) Prerequisite(s): Completion of a minimum of 72 credits earned in the program of study including NT2640 IP Networking or equivalent. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -1- 13/01/2013 Network Systems Administration Capstone Project SYLLABUS COURSE SUMMARY COURSE DESCRIPTION This course provides an opportunity for students to work on a comprehensive project that includes the design, planning and implementation of a network solution for solving specific business problems. Common project management processes are applied to identify deliverables and outcomes of the project. MAJOR INSTRUCTIONAL AREAS 1. Project Management Techniques 2. A Fundamental Review of the Basics of Electronics in the AASNSA Program 3. Capstone Project 4. Research of Current and Emerging Technology COURSE OBJECTIVES 1. Apply important concepts of project management to the actual capstone project proposed for this course. 2. Use Microsoft Office Project to help plan and manage the actual capstone project. 3. Analyze the requirements for the capstone project. 4. Integrate and apply the knowledge acquired in the program to provide effective technological solutions for given problems. 5. Work in teams on a large-scope project. 6. Document solutions to a problem in detail...
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