...THE UNIVESITY OF ZAMBIA SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES NAME : KALUBA PHIRI QUESTION: ENTREPRENEURS ARE BORN. DISCUSS The main objective of this essay is to discuss whether entrepreneurs are born or made. It will start by giving an elaborate definition of an entrepreneur and also highlight the characteristics which they possess. It will thereafter discuss with valid points raised on both angles of whether entrepreneurs are born or made. It will therefore justify with persuasive evidence that entrepreneurs are made. Finally a conclusion will be drawn. The entrepreneur character is one of the characters which strongly influence business around the world. This explains the need to understand the profile of such a character. An entrepreneur is a person who creates a new business, taking risks in achieving the objectives which they propose, to make profits and growth by identifying some important opportunities. An entrepreneur manages important resources, which he or she draws from different sources on a major power to persuade those who hold them. Many experts have sought to understand and describe the personality of the entrepreneur, because, although many people have good ideas to start a business, some turn these ideas into concrete businesses (Shapiro 1975). Burdus (3, 2007) An entrepreneur is said to be "a person with...
Words: 1834 - Pages: 8
...drastic, strategic shift” (University of Phoenix, 2008, p. 1). The changed market conditions have led to the changed vision of IIS which is: “Provide a broad set of products and services to consumer and small business customers using a model of customer intimacy that will build long-term relationships based on trust and value to the customer” (University of Phoenix, 2008, p. 1). This new vision has not been realized yet and therefore, the Executive Vice President of Marketing and Sales has been released of his duties and was replaced by Janet Angelo as new Executive VP of Marketing and Sales. A number of reasons contribute to the fact that why the transformation of IIS was not successful and these reasons are (1) no clear communication about how the change should take place, (2) no explaining and reinforcing on why the change should take place, (3) resistance to the change of key personnel, and (4) the goals to achieve were not aligned with the new strategy. No clear communication has been identified by Kreitner and Kinicki (2004) as one of the main reasons why organizational change initiatives fail. The communication of organizational change and no explaining and reinforcing on why the change should take place are critical success factors for organizational change (University of Phoenix, 2008). The resistance to change of key personnel is the result of the different expectations the key personnel has about the outcome of the customer-intimacy model. The urgency of the change...
Words: 5805 - Pages: 24
...International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 3 No. 8 [Special Issue – April 2013] Implications of Retrenchment on Human Resource Personnel and its Functions: A Case of Mines in Masvingo Province Maunganidze F Faculty of Social Sciences Great Zimbabwe University Zimbabwe Mupezeni L Pfebeni G Faculty of Applied Social Sciences Zimbabwe Open Univesity Zimbabwe Abstract The study focused on the implications on human resource personnel of conducting and driving the retrenchment exercise. The research study was prompted by the economic and social decline which Zimbabwe was subjected to for the past couple of years. This scenario necessitated the need for many organisations, including mines to engage in some retrenchment exercises. Previous studies have largely focused on how the retrenched would be affected before, during and after the retrenchment exercise. It has been a norm for organisations to try to cushion their departing organisational members from possible financial, social and psychological effects of the retrenchment exercise through some workshops such as stress management and entrepreneurship. The retrenched were viewed as the only victims of the retrenchment exercise. This study however took a different approach by considering the effects of the retrenchment exercise on the drivers of the program, the human resource personnel, taking into consideration the fact that some bonds would have been existing among employees, especially having in mind the collective...
Words: 5056 - Pages: 21
...In this paper I will attempt to help Gene One solve their current problems that they are experiencing as a result of poor planning by management with a new IPO strategy. Although I believe that they were looking out for the company’s/employees’ best interest, the lack of a solid game plan has led us to this point where the working relationship between management has failed. While attempting to uncover the optimal solution I will look at the factors that should be considered when evaluating all options. My hopes are to bring to light why one solution is better than the next as it relates to the vision and goals of the company. This will be done by examining evidence from outside sources that have been through similar situations. This solution will be centered on transformational leadership and organizational culture. By identifying the primary causes of the failed strategy’s implementation, I will dissect and attempt to salvage the IPO strategy that Gene One will still need to carry out. In reading this scenario, one thing obvious from the onset; the senior leadership team at Gene One is not all on the same page. Anytime there is a culture change within an organization there will be resistance by some to change. In the case of Gene One they are no more immune than any other company. Evidence of this could be seen from the interactions of Teri and Michelle at the 1st leadership meeting after the board’s approval of the IPO plan. “What’s the matter, Michelle? Not finding enough...
Words: 4848 - Pages: 20
...2012). The Managerial Accounting information collected helps the internal users to use strategic planning, and operate efficiently while evaluating the performance of all areas within the company (Atkinson, Kaplan, Matsumura, & Young, 2012). This allows them to have a better handle on the operations. Thus, allowing for a more informed decision making process (Atkinson, Kaplan, Matsumura, & Young, 2012). Previously, the managerial accounting financial information was just expressed in monetary denomination (Accounting for Management, 2012). Now it has led to include any information that is considered valuable operational or physical information (Colorado Technical University Online, 2012). The performance of a new product, and how well-trained an employee is or how satisfied a customer are all good examples of the nonfinancial information needed to make better decisions (Colorado Technical University Online, 2012). The amounts of processing time or the quality of the product or service are also good examples of this information (Horngren, Datar, & Rajan, 2012). The information that is the financial type is usually collected and summarized in reports, such as the income statements, balance sheets, etc. (Accounting for Management, 2012). The Consolidated Financial Statements for the 2010 and 2011 fiscal periods have...
Words: 4635 - Pages: 19
...Organization Theory Schools of Thought Abstract Organizational theory involves identifying the different approaches to understanding organizations, which cover a wide spectrum of views over many decades. The history of organizations really starts with armies (Orlikowski, 2010). Armies were the first large-scale cooperative groups formed specifically for a purpose and they are characterized by a hierarchy of authority within which decisions are made at the top and passed down in the shape of orders which must be followed. A second early development was that of public administration whereby “organizations came into being to implement the decisions of government: initially to collect taxes, but increasingly to order and regulate society through laws and the application of various rules” (Tushman & Romanelli, 1985). Again, these organizations were characterized by hierarchy of authority and a requirement to comply with its exercise. These models for the large-scale organization of people for a purpose were, with a few exceptions, followed by business organizations as they developed in the Middle Ages and, through industrialization, came to dominate work in society. The study of organizations emerged from what some would call today sociology (Knorr, 1997). This owed its origins to philosophers turning their attention to the way in which whole societies function and, in due course, to the study also of the social constructions which are created in them. Knorr believed...
Words: 8615 - Pages: 35
...JUNIOR 1 S Y 2000 - 2 0 0 1 V o l . 20 N o . 1 C O N T E N FOR LOVE OF DIAMONDS These brilliant gems are not only for fashion but find many uses in other industries as well. CHEMISTRY: BUILDING BLOCKS OF MODERN CIVILIZATION Understand the significance of chemistry throughout man’s history. NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY: TOWARDS A SAFE ENERGY SOURCE Is nuclear technology a boon or bane of science? Read on. T S ib er s, De ar BB su bs cr ng ga zin e is ma ki Ba to Ba la ni ma e ma ga zin e. to yo ur fa vo rit lled so me ch an ge s a new section ca c g the changes is Amon s wi th sc ie nt ifi .” It de al “P se ud os ci en ce pt io ns th at an d mi sc on ce ve no tio ns , my th s, e. Al so , we ha pu la r at on e tim we re po ” se ct io n to “C yb er wo rld ex pa nd ed ou r ac tiv ity se ct io n. e a we b- lin ke d in cl ud wi ll th es e ch an ge s We ho pe th at re nc e stu di es mo ur sc ie he lp ma ke yo jo y! re fu n! En re le va nt an d mo Th e Ed ito r MEDICINE’S POTENT MIXTURES AND SOLUTIONS Chemistry plays a major role in our existence through important medical applications. R E G U L A R F E AT U R E S 3 Science & Technology News 5 Filipino Scientists and Inventors BOARD OF ADVISERS Violeta Arciaga, Jaime F. Bucoy Jose C. Calderon, Victoria V. Cervantes, Juanita M. Cruz, Belen P. Dayauon Medical Facts and Fallacies 9 Livelihood Technology / I’d Like to Know 10 Cyber World CONSULTANT ...
Words: 8787 - Pages: 36
...Scheme of Teaching Univesity Sr.No Paper Code External L T P Hour Credits Marks s 1. CSE311 Data Structures 3 1 0 4 4 50 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Total Second Year -Fourth Semester Sr.No Paper Code 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. CSE411 CSE461 CSE412 CSE462 CSE414 CSE464 Subject Title Scheme of Teaching L 3 0 3 0 3 0 T 1 0 1 0 1 0 P 0 3 0 3 0 3 Hours 4 3 4 3 4 3 Credit 4 2 4 2 4 2 University External Marks 50 50 50 CSE361 CSE313 CSE363 AS301 EC316 EC366 EC317 EC367 Data Structures (Practical) Peripheral Devices & Interfaces Hardware Lab (Practical) Engineering Mathematics – III Digital Electronics Digital Electronics (Practical) Microprocessors Microprocessors (Practical) 0 3 0 3 3 0 3 0 15 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 3 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 09 3 4 2 4 4 2 4 2 29 2 4 1 4 4 1 4 1 25 50 50 50 50 250 Internal Total Sessional Marks 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 450 100 50 100 50 100 100 50 100 50 700 7. 8. Total ASC405 CSE 415 Analysis & Design of Algorithms Analysis & Design of Algorithms (Practical) Database Management System Database Management System (Practical) Object Oriented Programming Object Oriented Programming (Practical) Cyber Law & IPR Computer Architecture & Organization Internal Total Sessional Marks 50 100 50 50 50 50 50 50 100 50 100 50 3 3 15 0 1 4 0 0 9 3 4 28 3 4 25 50 50 250 50 50 400 100 100 650 2 Scheme of Examination of B.E. in Computer Science & Engineering Third Year - Fifth Semester Sr. Paper Subject Title Scheme of Teaching Univesity Internal Sessional...
Words: 14784 - Pages: 60
...secondary education in Holland referred to as Senior general secondary education (HAVO). The stream takes five years and qualifies students to enter higher vocational education (HBO). Some students can also choose to enter pre-university secondary education VWO or MBO education (Dutch Education Journal, 2007). The analysis is based on both qualitative and quantitative findings from Focus Group Discussions (FDGs), structured and semistructured interviews, drawings, observations and questionnaires. This study considers both the advantages and disadvantages of youth engagement in new media. The study also attempt to contribute to the wider development discourses in the field of children and youth. The conclusion for this book highlights how new media has played a role in the youth cultures in structuring their peer relationships. Throughout the study, pseudo names are used for ethical reasons. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Before delving deeper to this study, it’s important to have some background understanding on what led me to conduct this particular study and the context to which the study was conducted. The full importance of the context background will be appreciated in the later chapters when disaggregating the study findings that informed the writing of this book. My initial topic of study was on the applicability of...
Words: 19212 - Pages: 77
...Innovation 33 Appendix 2 - Audio Advertising Expenditure 34 Appendix 3 - NTBF Cash Flow Profiles 35 Appendix 4 - Bone Conducting Patent 36 Appendix 5 - The Case for India 46 Appendix 6 - The Case for Northern Ireland 49 Appendix 7 - The Case for China 55 References 72 Websites 75 Summary This assignment will examine how an innovative development in headphone technology will move from design concept to retail examining the role that innovation and entrepreneurship play in this. We will examine the sectors that the new headphones will be placed in from a retail point of view taking an overview of the sector and then looking at some of the major companies that dominate the headphone market currently. We will examine three possible market locations both from a retail perspective and a development perspective to establish the best possible location for the development of this innovative product. We will then examine the role of the customer and how their role has shaped the development of this concept with a focus on health and safety concerns that lie at the heart of this innovative process. We will finish with a view of how the headphone market will develop and where we see our headphone development in this future. Included in our appendices will be analysis of the development possibilities of China, India and Northern Ireland which will be explored further in the group presentation....
Words: 13595 - Pages: 55
...FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING INFORMATION AND THE RELEVANCE/IRRELEVANCE ISSUE (Global Business & Economics Review Volume 5 No.2 December 2003 pp:140-175) Stanley C. W. Salvary, Canisius College ABSTRACT Some current research conclude that the numbers in financial statements are not relevant for three basic reasons. The numbers: (1) are not isomorphic with capital market values, (2) do not have a future orientation, and (3) are un-interpretable since they are based upon five different measurement attributes. The lack of isomorphism argument is invalid since actual current performance is not identical with the capital market expectations of future performance. The lack of a future orientation argument is invalid since financial statements capture what has happened and not what is expected to happen. Since a single measurement attribute is required to produce meaningful measures, the un-interpretability argument holds. A unique measurement attribute is identified in this paper to address this problem I. INTRODUCTION In Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 1: Objectives of Financial Reporting by Business Enterprises (SFAC1) [1978], the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) maintains that the function of financial accounting is to generate information useful to a group of users (investors and creditors) for decision-making. The focus on that specific function (decision-making) leads to a concern for predictive value, as opposed to feedback value, in financial statements...
Words: 15491 - Pages: 62
...Graduate School of Development Studies A Research Paper presented by: Celeste Aida Molina Fernández (Guatemala) in partial fulfilment of the requirements for obtaining the degree of MASTERS OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Specialisation: Rural Livelihoods and Global Change (RLGC) Members of the examining committee: Prof. Dr Max Spoor Prof. Dr Peter Knorringa The Hague, The Netherlands November, 2010 Disclaimer: This document represents part of the author’s study programme while at the Institute of Social Studies. The views stated therein are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Institute. Research papers are not made available for circulation outside of the Institute. Inquiries: Postal address: Institute of Social Studies P.O. Box 29776 2502 LT The Hague The Netherlands Location: Kortenaerkade 12 2518 AX The Hague The Netherlands Telephone: +31 70 426 0460 Fax: +31 70 426 0799 Acknowledgments I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all the people who in one way or another contributed to the completion of this study, especially the interviewees, who generously shared their time and knowledge about the coffee sector in Ethiopia. My sincerest appreciation goes to Bilisuma Dito, who first introduced me to the ECX and provided me with key contacts for the fieldwork. Many thanks to Martha Kibru, Saba Yifredew...
Words: 20624 - Pages: 83
...REPRESENTED AT OUR MEETING. THE JUNGLE AVIATION AND RADIO SERVICE (JAARS) FACILITY OF WYCLIFFE WAS A FANTASTIC LOCATION FOR OUR CONFERENCE, AND WE ARE VERY THANKFUL TO OUR GRACIOUS HOSTS. A SPECIAL THANKS GOES TO CAROL WEAVER, THE JAARS CONFERENCE COORDINATOR. The goal of these conferences is to glorify God, to foster community among Christian engineering educators, and to encourage and challenge each other in our work of kingdom building. Abraham Kuyper, one of the great thinkers within the Reformed tradition of Christianity, has said that there is not one square centimeter of the creation that is not claimed by Christ. As Christian engineering educators of whatever tradition, we seek to stake that claim in our discipline, exploring how our faith impacts our teaching, our profession, and the technological products we design. In this proceedings you will find seven papers that span several areas of interest: philosophical questions as well as practical matters, changing ABET requirements, and mission statements, to name a few. We hope you find these papers encouraging and enlighteningchallenging. May God be glorified...
Words: 29247 - Pages: 117
...Natural Computing Series Series Editors: G. Rozenberg Th. Bäck A.E. Eiben J.N. Kok H.P. Spaink Leiden Center for Natural Computing Advisory Board: S. Amari G. Brassard K.A. De Jong C.C.A.M. Gielen T. Head L. Kari L. Landweber T. Martinetz Z. Michalewicz M.C. Mozer E. Oja G. P˘ un J. Reif H. Rubin A. Salomaa M. Schoenauer H.-P. Schwefel C. Torras a D. Whitley E. Winfree J.M. Zurada For further volumes: www.springer.com/series/4190 Franz Rothlauf Design of Modern Heuristics Principles and Application Prof. Dr. Franz Rothlauf Chair of Information Systems and Business Administration Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Gutenberg School of Management and Economics Jakob-Welder-Weg 9 55099 Mainz Germany rothlauf@uni-mainz.de Series Editors G. Rozenberg (Managing Editor) rozenber@liacs.nl Th. Bäck, J.N. Kok, H.P. Spaink Leiden Center for Natural Computing Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 1 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands A.E. Eiben Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The Netherlands ISSN 1619-7127 Natural Computing Series ISBN 978-3-540-72961-7 e-ISBN 978-3-540-72962-4 DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-72962-4 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011934137 ACM Computing Classification (1998): I.2.8, G.1.6, H.4.2 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations...
Words: 114592 - Pages: 459
...Gujarat Technological University MBA Semester - IV Syllabus for MBA Programme effective from the Academic Year 2009-10 onwards The course curriculum and syllabus for MBA of Gujarat Technological University are devised considering the norms of AICTE/UGC. While preparing the syllabus, the syllabi of different national level universities/institutions have been taken into account. This syllabus has endeavoured to strike a balance between theory and practice and classic and contemporary concepts. The MBA programme of Gujarat Technological University (GTU) will be conducted on a semester basis with four semesters spread over two academic years. The duration of each semester will be around 15 weeks. In each semester there will be seven courses/subjects. In the first year all the 14 courses are compulsory. In the second year there will be three types of courses, namely, compulsory, electives and sectorial specialisation. The MBA programme will have four electives, namely, Marketing, Finance, Human Resource and Information Systems. A student can choose any one of the four electives. There will be five sectorial specialization areas, namely, Retail, Pharmaceutical and Healthcare, Rural and Cooperatives, Public Systems and Policy, and Banking and Insurance. A candidate has to opt for one of the sectorial areas. In each semester of the second year there will be three compulsory courses, three electives and one sectorial course, thus making a total of six compulsory courses, six elective...
Words: 17188 - Pages: 69