...to Leeds Metropolitan University Word Count:2989 Contents Contents Contents 2 Introduction 3 Diversity 4 Diversity in the Workplace 4 Emergence of Diversity 5 Legislation and Problems they Solve 6 Emergence of Managing Diversity 7 HRM 8 Relationship with Managing Diversity 9 HRM in the UK vs. USA 10 Reasons Supporting HRM 11 Critical Arguments Posed to HRM 11 Recommendations 11 Conclusion 11 References 11 Introduction In this report I will be investigating managing diversity and taking a look at how it has developed and how it has had an impact on everything in life. I will mainly focus on how this has had an effect in the workplace and look at key arguments that support diversity and look at arguments against diversity in the workplace and why this may be considered a negative or a hindrance and most importantly I will look at how successful this has been at helping companies maximise their assets and key areas that I have identified that need to be improved. In the second part of my report I will examine the close links of managing diversity and human resource management (HRM). I will look at factors that support it and arguments that need to be considered when looking at HRM. Diversity Diversity in people can be described as the subtle differences between each human and varied characteristic’s that make people who they are. These characteristics can range from colour of skin to sexual orientation to how much hair you have...
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...Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org) HISTORY, EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE Kipkemboi Jacob Rotich1, Moi University, School of Human Resource Development, Department of Development Studies, P.o Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya. ABSTRACT: Various attempts have been made towards tracing the historical development of the discipline of Human Resource Management (HRM). However, these initiatives have largely been concentrated on certain specific periods of time and experiences of specific countries and regions such as Australia, the USA, the UK and Asia (Nankervis et.al, 2011; Kelly, 2003; Ogier, 2003). This paper attempts to document the entire history of the discipline of Human Resource Management from a holistic perspective. The evolution and development of HRM will be traced right from the pre-historic times through to the postmodern world. Major characteristics in the evolution and development of HRM will also be examined and documented. KEYWORDS: Human Resource Management (HRM), evolution, history INTRODUCTION Defining Human Resource Management (HRM) According to Armstrong (2006) Human Resource Management (HRM) is defined as a strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization’s most valued assets – the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of its objectives. From this definition, we can deduce that HRM or simply HR is a function...
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...increasingly important to the organization’s performance. Hence HRM is becoming more important as it plays an important role in the people-aspect and social-aspect of the organization. This paper will briefly explain the definition of HRM and its history. Then this paper will list and explain the important functions of HRM. Furthermore, this paper will explain why HRM is becoming increasingly important in 21st century in which the performance of organizations is subject to the performance of individual employees. In addition, this paper will talk about Bentley Motors and its HRM as one of Britain’s TOP Employer in 2012 by Britain’s Top Employers Research. This paper will discuss the strength of Bentley Motors’ HRM and lastly it will provide three further suggestions on BM’s HRM to help it accommodate to possible challenges. What is HRM? HRM is an organizational function that deals with people-related issues, such as recruitment, training and learning programs, performance management, health and safety, compensation programs, wellness and benefits of the work force and employee motivation and communications. (Heathfield, nd) HRM was carried out in the 20th century and the first HRM specialist was a social worker hired by Rowntree in the UK in York in 1896 and was hired to ensure the safety and health of child and women in the operational facilities. (Foot and Hook, 2011) What does HRM do? (The functions of HRM) Nowadays HRM is becoming way more important and plays an important role...
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...Maps and models of HRM Based on Human Resource Management, 4th edition, by Alan Price Maps and models of HRM This section begins with a discussion of various approaches to HRM, including Keenoy's hologram comparison and Sisson's 4 main features of HRM models. A key concept is that of Hard and Soft HRM: 'Storey (1989) has distinguished between hard and soft forms of HRM, typified by the Michigan and Harvard models respectively. 'Hard' HRM focuses on the resource side of human resources. It emphasizes costs in the form of 'headcounts' and places control firmly in the hands of management. Their role is to manage numbers effectively, keeping the workforce closely matched with requirements in terms of both bodies and behaviour. 'Soft' HRM, on the other hand, stresses the 'human' aspects of HRM. Its concerns are with communication and motivation. People are led rather than managed. They are involved in determining and realizing strategic objectives.' Human Resource Management, 4th edition goes on to consider the views of Guest and Legge and then discusses the classification of HRM models. Three American perspectives on HRM are provided from the work of Fitz-Enz, Ulrich and Pfeffer. Points to consider * A fundamental element of most rhetorical accounts of HRM is that one of the distinctive features of human resource management (as opposed to personnel management) is that it is 'holistic'. In other words it is concerned with the 'big picture' and the way that different...
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... | |Assestment1 | |International HRM | | | | | |3/21/2011 | | | CONTENTS Terms of references 3 Methods of investigation 3 Findings 3 Conclusions 17 Recommendations 17 Reference 18 Bibliography 18 Words: 3517 1.0 Terms of reference In order to complete International HRM unit task, a formal report has been requested. The task is to carry out an investigation and undertake a role of Management Consultant to look into the issues influencing movement of new plant to other locations...
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...and hard and loose and tight human resource management 2 “Soft” and “Hard” HRM: 2 1.2 Differences between Storey’s definition of human resources management, personnel and industrial relation (IR) practices 2 1.3 Implications for line managers and employees of developing a strategic approach to human resources management 3 2.1 How flexibility is applied in workplace: 4 2.1.1 The core periphery workforce model (Atkinson 1984) 4 2.2 Two methods of flexibility developed in my organization 4 a) Improve work-life balance: 4 b) Provide physical and mental well-being: 4 2.3 Flexible working practices from both the employee and the employer perspective in my organization 5 2.4 impact of change in UK labour market have had on flexible working practices in the context of zero hour contracts in my organization 5 3.1 Form of discrimination that take place in the workplace 7 Description based on ethnicity and race: 7 Discrimination based on sex: 7 Discrimination based on religion: 7 3.2 Practical implications of equal opportunity legislation in my organization 7 3.3 Comparison of approaches to manage equal opportunities and managing diversity 7 4.1 Comparison of 360 evaluations with another performance appraisal method 9 4.2 Assessment of approaches for managing the employee welfare in my organization 9 4.3 Discussion on how latest health and safety act has effected human resources practices in UK 9 4.4 Evaluation of the impact of E learning on human resources practices 10...
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...Scientific or Closed management, Human Relations or Semi open system, Open System or Contingency system 1.2 Personnel management/ Personnel Manager 1.3 The genesis of Human Resource Management(HRM)/Defining Human Resource Management 1.4 What is ‘Hard’ and ‘Soft’ HRM? 1.5 The Debate between Human Relations(HR) and Human Resource Management(HRM) 1.6 The Human Resource Manager and his role 2.0 Attempting a framework for Human Resource Management(HRM) 2.1 Using HRM as a style, a strategy and an outcome 2.2 Is HRM a restatement of Personnel Management? 2.3 Is HRM a new managerial discipline? 2.4 HRM as a resource-based dimension of management 2.5 The Strategic and international possibilities of HRM 3.0Using some models of HRM to critically assess HRM “Hard” and “Soft” Approaches. 3.1The Harvard Model 3.2The Michigan Model 3.3Guest comparative models 3.4The ‘Choice Model’ and its benefits. 4.0The influence of senior management and their Effectiveness 4.1 policy makers 4.2 senior managers and their frames of reference 4.3 The more effective the better the policies 4.4 The Japanese example 5.0 Conclusion, limitations and proposals 5.1HRM a widespread contemporary, evolving & contingent tool 5.2The ‘softness’ of HRM, “bundles” and performance 5.3 Holistic thinking, right and egalitarian based HRM 1.0Introduction, Perspectives in Management and the genesis of Human Resource Management. Human Resource Management is increasingly considered a contemporary development that continues to reshape...
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...Resource Defined 3 Strategic HRM Elements 3 Strategic Planning 4 Strategy 4 Strategic HRM and Goals & Objectives 4 SHRM – A tool to achieve organization’s goals and objectives 6 Case Study 7 Company Information 7 Company background 7 Core strategic aims and values 7 Pest Analysis 8 Political Factors 8 Economic Factors 9 Social Factors 9 Technological Factors 9 Employee and human relations 10 Human Relations 10 Key Success Variables 10 Employee Relations 10 Key Success Variables 11 Global market value and competitive advantage 11 Internal & external customer satisfaction 11 Key Success Variables 12 Conclusion 12 List of Figures Figure 1: Strategic Human Resource Management Model 6 Figure 2: Traditional HR versus Strategic HR 7 Figure 3: Pest Model 9 Introduction In the current global business environment, the role of HR cannot be neglected. HR consideration is equally important as the knowledge economy expects from their workforce to share their contribution in building the structure of the ideas for the benefits of organization as a whole and at the same time support in compliance of its strategy. HR competent people working in an organization set the benchmark in value additions for the business activities that are undertaken in return to have the desired achievements of goals and objectives. Hence it has been pretty crucial to acquaint with the dynamic HR changes that are happening in an economy. The effective HRM atmosphere is vital to ensure...
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...Competitive Clothing Market of M&S 3 2.3 The Rationale: Why does HRM Contribute to Increasing Competitiveness? 4 3 Analysis of Current Situation 5 4. Respond to the HRM Weakness 9 5. Evaluation on HRM Approach Implemented by M&S 10 6. Conclusion 11 References 12 1.Introduction In recent business environment, competition has become a core issue due to its crucial impacts on company development in terms of market and profits. This dissertation will introduce proper and effective strategies to overcome the problems so that the company would be turned into higher competitive stance. Additionally, this article aims to analyze the competitive environment from both internal and external of Marks and Spencer plc (M&S), to evaluate the reasons why it has gone wrong ever since 1997 and to identify how the changes of human resources management could help M&S sharpen its competitive edge. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part focuses on the background M&S has been facing ever since 1997 that the company is suffering from a great crisis. The current situation is analyzed in the second part by using the SWOT model to examine the positions and environment of M&S. The third part emphasizes on discussing the human resources management policies that M&S used to respond the weakness discussion during the SWOT analysis. The final part aims to evaluate the HRM responds policy and illustrate the good effects and drawbacks the...
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...BURBERRY’S MOVE TO CHINA THE CASE STUDY STUDENT NUMBER: 1017357 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT STUDENT NAME: OVIE G. AKPOVWA TUTOR; Dr SAMAR BADDAR SHR027-6 WORD COUNT: 2,498 SUBMITTED: 12th May 2011 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In this report, focus on the issues facing Burberry movement to china will be discussed. Burberry is a luxurious British brand trying to move from Wales in Britain to China in order to reduce cost of production of their product. This report was done in stages, the first a PESTLE analysis was conducted on China. The analysis consisted of the political environment of china; the economic condition of china was also reviewed, technological development, social values, legal and ecological factors that might affect the Chinese market were also discussed. Secondly, SWOT analysis of the Chinese market was conducted, while the advantages and disadvantages of moving to china were given. However, in the conclusion given, Burberry was advised to move to china because it will definitely reduce cost of production and it will give them opportunity to gain from china’s big market size. Thirdly, this report discussed the best HR policies that the company can used to meet the demand of...
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...functions of human resource management (HRM) in the Enterprise Rent A car 4 1.3 The roles and responsibilities of line managers in the HR department of Enterprise Rent-A-Car 5 1.4 Analyse the impact of UK legal and regulatory framework on human resource Management 6 Task 2 2.1 Analyse the reasons for Human Resource planning for Enterprise Rent A Car: 7 2.2 Outline the sages involved in planning its human resource requirements 8 2.3 Compare the recruitment and selection process of for Enterprise Rent-A-Car 10 2.4 Evaluate the effectiveness of the recruitment and selection techniques of the two 11 companies discussed above. Task 3 3.1 Assess the link between motivational theory and reward at Enterprise Rent-A-Car 12 3.2 Evaluate the process of job evaluation and other factors determining pay 13 3.3 Assess the effectiveness of reward systems in two different work contexts 14 3.4 Examine methods that are being used by businesses to monitor employee performance 15 Task 4 4.1 Identify the reasons for cessation of employment with Enterprise Rent-A-Car 16 4.2 The Exit procedures in two different organisations. 17 4.3 The impacts of the UK regulatory framework on employment cessation arrangements 17 Reference 19 Task 1 1.1 Personnel management and Human resource management. Since the introduction of the concept of HRM end of last century, there is much confusion...
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...Teaching and Learning Strategy 6 7 Assessment 7 International Human Resource Management 2 University of London Course Introduction and Overview Centre for Financial and Management Studies 3 1 Course Objectives This course aims to introduce you to the study and practice of International Human Resource Management (IHRM). To benefit from this, you need, of course, to have a basic understanding of Human Resource Management (HRM) itself. HRM has developed from personnel management, but instead of concentrating primarily on the hiring and firing of staff, it is the strategic and coherent approach to the overall management of an organisation’s most valued assets – the people working there who contribute to the objectives of the business1. Its main aim is to develop personnel policies that improve employee relations at work. This course will, therefore, begin with an examination of the history and nature of Human Resource Management, before embedding it in its international context. In Unit 1, you will learn about the main tasks involved in HRM: • human resource planning • job...
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...Hospitality Industry Human Resource Management (HRM) has been placed, at least in terms of prescriptive theory, above all the other primary activities of a business and the importance of HRM to businesses in general has been argued to be central and fundamental in order to better enable their business activities and for the fulfilment of their business objectives. In discussing the Resources, Competences and Strategic Capability of Businesses, Johnson and Scholes (1997, Ch 4, p147), say of HRM - “This is a particularly important area which transcends all primary activities. It is concerned with those activities involved in recruiting, managing, training, developing and rewarding people within the organisation”. Others have found evidence that HRM practices can significantly improve a firms performance and for example Dessler (2000 p18) cites research which claims as much as 30% differences (improvements) in financial performance which were attributed to differences in HR practices in banks. He continues to note a study (p 19) which identifies that in 97 metalwork manufacturing plants “Similar evidence of the HR-Performance link has been found”. Elsewhere, as Redman and Wilkinson, Editors (2001 Ch 1, p10) point out, Strategic Human Resource management (SHRM) theory holds that “an organisation’s human resource assets are potentially the sole source of sustainable competitive advantage” This serves to illustrate that HRM has been placed in a central position in an idealised...
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...the people. In its report, the independent inquiry panel led by Prof. Sir John Tooke, stated that,” Modernizing medical career (MMC) was an honest attempt to accelerate training and assure the fundamental abilities of the next generation of doctors”. MMC is basically an online program designed and implemented for post graduate medical training intended to improve UK health care system with a transparent and efficient career path for doctors. It was intended to change the structure of the UK medical training by introducing the ‘Foundation training program’ and later the ‘seamless run-through training grade’. These training programs coincided with the introduction a new selection process called the MTAS recruitment system. Junior doctors were required to complete a web based questionnaire and form, which is scored anonymously by a central HR team and based on final outcome jobs are offered to successful applicants. I have organized this report in four parts. Part 1, will highlight MMC HRM strategy and practices. Part 2 examines the factors and practices that led to the MMC’s failure. Part 3 outlines recommended HRM strategies for the organization. Finally, Part 4...
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...Understand the ways of developing flexibility in the workplace. LO 3 Understand the impact of equal opportunities in the workplace LO4 Understand approaches to human resources practice in organisations Case Study – Mercer Mercer is a medium sized, family run UK manufacturer, located in the Midlands. The company was established in 1980 and focus predominantly on the UK market. The company originally employed 25 staff, most of which were family members. Over the last 30 years the organisation has grown significantly and the company is looking to expand its operations outside of the UK, particularly in Europe. Mercer currently employ 125 workers, 100 of which work on the factory floor including line managers and the reminder accounted for several administrative post including marketing and sales. Traditionally, employee issues such as recruitment and the management of employee disputes were dealt with by on an ad hoc basis by a senior manager. The system has placed signification strain and stress on both the employees and management. The growth of Mercer has led to changes the business structure and the work patterns of the company. In addition, a steady increase in staff numbers and changes in UK regulations has recently led Mercer to establishing a Human Resource Department to deal with the management of its employees. The HR department will deal with issues such recruitment, remuneration, employee welfare, conflict management and performance management. In...
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