...of Heredity and Hormones on Human Behaviour Heredity is commonly defined as the process of passing down the biological traits from parent to offspring through genes. Aside from the environmental factors, the genes have been known to confer different degrees of influence on the development of diseases, characters, and behaviour in humans. The hormones on the other hand, are commonly known as the body’s chemical messengers that have effect on various processes in the body including the mood. Humans behave differently and studies found that both heredity and hormones affects human behaviour though in different ways. Further details by comparing and contrasting on how genes and heredity affect the human behaviour will make this subject clearer. Knowing heredity, we develop an understanding that the genes inherited are the main foundation that makes a certain individual a distinct person. It is heredity that makes a person who he is and what he is. Every human has an inherited genes embedded in the body system which serve as the guidelines in the development of the individual’s distinct physical characteristics. The genes also shape the development the organ systems particularly the nervous system and the endocrine system. The most significant organ of the nervous system perhaps that is developed with the influence of the inherited genes is the brain. Giving a closer look, the genes actually are not capable of directly affecting the behaviour. (Johnston & Edwards, 2002)...
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...Cancer is still seen by many as an incurable disease that slowly takes over healthy human tissue, and ultimately causes death. 2Through advances in medical science, different physical procedures have been developed to treat cancer – for example, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. In recent years however, there has been a growing perception by cancer specialists and patients that the onset and treatment of cancer may be affected by psychological factors. A new field of research called psycho-oncology has emerged to investigate how the mind can slow down, or even reverse, the progress of cancer. The results from such studies however, have not always been conclusive, and in the case of retrospective studies, have often proved contradictory. 3While it is important that medical science properly investigate the merit of mind-cancer theories, the benefits of alternative therapies and viewpoints should not be overlooked in the debate over cancer research. 4The essay briefly surveys the origins of mind-cancer research and the emergence of the field of psycho-oncology, before addressing contemporary research in the area, in particular, the problem of validating results. It concludes by examining the merits of alternative therapies with regard to patient psychology. 5Before examining the origins of mind-cancer research, the physiology of cancer will be briefly discussed. "Cancer" is a general term used to describe a physiological disorder in which cells in the body begin to reproduce...
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...Amber Deol How effective is coaching in modifying undesirable employee behavior? Introduction Coaching is a means of providing feedback in an attempt to enhance current skills, build new ones or provide insight and guidance to encourage confidence and motivation in the workplace. This essay will examine whether coaching can act as a deterrent for employees who exhibit undesirable behaviors by examining how businesses use coaching as well as analyzing several interviews about coaching with current supervisors who have had experience with coaching in their organization. Coaching No matter what organization you look at, in any part of the world, there will always be performance issues regarding employees, there is no possible way to eliminate all problems but steps can be taken to minimize this issue. Coaching whether formal or informal has been a part of business since its inception; it has evolved from employees seeking advice and guidance from a supervisor or manger to organizations implementing professional coaching sessions that allow employees one on one time with superiors to assess performance, keep updated on progression and to instill confidence. To properly address behavior that is unwanted in employees a manager has to attempt to understand the root of the problem, is it Laziness? Lack of motivation? Or some other outlying factor that the manager is not aware of. Coaching allows for communication between employees and managers that is essential to maintaining a...
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...Discuss the relationship between sexual selection and human reproductive behaviour (24 marks) In this essay I will be discussing the two theories of sexual selection within humans and their reproductive behaviour. The evolutionary explanation of relationships says humans have an innate drive to reproduce and pass on our genes. Sexual selection is a process within natural selection where characteristics are selected because they’re attractive to the opposite sex, and so this increases reproductive success and passes on these traits to their offspring. Sex differences in sexual selection comes from our evolutionary past and so males and females have different reproductive behaviour; these differences are shown from their mate choice (inter sexual selection), mate competition (intra sexual selection) and differences within their short term and long term mating strategies. Males and females differ in mate selection as the different sexes have different needs which are stemmed from our genetic code which has evolved over millions of years. According to the inter sexual selection theory males and females look for different characteristics in a mate and behave differently to attract these mates. It is important to men that women prioritise physical attractiveness and so men are responsive to those who are young and attractive as it connotes that these women are more likely to be fertile and so the man can reproduce and pass on his genes. Therefore, men are attractive to women who...
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...Great Ape Studies on Human Behaviour The Great Apes have enlightened anthropologists to how both behavioural and anatomical traits have evolved throughout human evolution to create the present day Homo sapien. Through various field studies conducted on The Great Apes, anthropologists have recognized many traits passed down to Homo sapien’s earliest known ancestor in the genus Australopithecus, who lived 4 million years ago. Homo sapien exhibits some of the former traits this present day. This report will be discussing how studying the behaviour of The Great Apes help researchers to understand human behaviour. Using two examples of Ape behaviour, this report will also explain how early Australopithecine might have lived. An instrumental part of human culture and behaviour is imitation and teaching. A study of chimpanzees in the Tai Forest in Cote d’lvoir revealed that mother chimpanzees had the ability to teach their young valuable skills such as using tools to crack open nuts. Boesche (1991) found that; “Chimpanzee mothers may influence the development of nut cracking in three ways (excluding the very widespread nut sharing): (1) stimulating; and (2) facilitating nut cracking; and (3) active teaching. Mothers can stimulate nut cracking by leaving hammers or nuts near the anvil” Humans are always teaching their children valuable skills to help in their survival, just as chimpanzee mothers did. There has also been evidence that Australopithecines evolved to make sharp stone...
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...Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1998, Vol. 74, No. 5, 1337-1349 Copyright 1998 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0022-3514/98/$3.00 Do People Know How They Behave? Self-Reported Act Frequencies Compared With On-Line Codings by Observers Samuel D. Gosling, Oliver E John, and Kenneth H. Craik University of California, Berkeley Richard W. Robins University of California, Davis Behavioral acts constitute the building blocks of interpersonal perception and the basis for inferences about personality traits. How reliably can observers code the acts individuals perform in a specific situation? How valid are retrospective self-reports of these acts? Participants interacted in a groupdiscussion task and then reported their act frequencies, which were later coded by observers from videotapes. For each act, observer-observer agreement, self-observer agreement, and self-enhancement bias were examined. Findings show that (a) agreement varied greatly across acts; (b) much of this variation was predictable from properties of the acts (observability, base rate, desirability, Big Five domain); (c) on average, self-reports were positively distorted; and (d) this was particularly true for narcissistic individuals. Discussion focuses on implications for research on acts, traits, social perception, and the act frequency approach. "You interrupted my mother at least three times this morning" exclaims Roger. "That's not true," responds Julia, " I only interrupted...
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...2014 8/1/2014 Impact of Ethical Consumerism on Businesses; Sainsbury’s as case study Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 2 Ethical Consumerism Types or Categories 2 Sainsbury’s as a case Study 4 Opinion Survey on Consumerism 4 Conclusion and Recommendations 5 Bibliography 6 Executive Summary In a ethnicity of plenty, where organisation are selling very similar products at almost the same price, and of the same quality to even the similar consumers, These consumers are free of charge to make use of other, ethical criteria in making their choice between opposite options. There are definitely different levels of ethical consumption - with some people being highly morals determined, while some are just getting on a generally satisfactory bandwagon. The reality still that there is a rising crowd of ethical consumers which need to be taking seriously. Because now it is very easy to be an ethical consumer The Internet, press, and magazines are all spreading company’s information about where and how their products and services are being generated. Blogs and customer help desk are also help customers who by one way or the other had terrible experience or who have important inside information to obtain immediate international exposure. Exposing unethical conduct and practices is a definite title for journalists, so business organisation is under more enquiry than before. Businesses like Sainsbury’s are carefully but continuously examining how well they are...
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...international environmental groups such as World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and local organisations such as the Auckland Zoo (over the potential loss of Orang-utan forest habitat to palm oil plantations). The negative publicity from the palm oil debate created damaging ‘noise’ for Cadbury’s ongoing worldwide ethical brand building efforts and its high profile announcements that it would shortly be using the Fairtrade logo for the flagship Dairy Milk brand in key global markets, including Australia and New Zealand (Fairtrade Foundation 2009). Less than three months later Cadbury caved into the conservationists’ demands and reversed their palm oil policy (e.g. New Zealand Herald 17th August 2009). This case study illustrates the relevance of buyer behaviour theories...
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...An Analysis on How to Handle Dysfunctional Customers And how they affect on Food Servers in selected Restaurants at Eastwood City ------------------------------------------------- A Method of Research and Thesis Paper Presented to the Faculty of the Hotel and Restaurant Management Arellano University - Pasig ------------------------------------------------- In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Degree in Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management Presented By: Calinao, Loreinn G. Tierra, Alyssa Marie G. Encio, Mary Bless Estrada, Erik E. Romero, Jerry Arellano University – Pasig Pag-Asa St. Brgy. Caniogan Pasig City Approval Sheet In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management this Method of Research entitled “AN ANALYSIS ON HOW TO HANDLE DYSFUNCTIONAL CUSTOMERS AND HOW THEY AFFECT FOOD SERVERS IN SELECTED RESTAURANTS IN EASTWOOD CITY” was prepared and submitted to the College of Hotel and Restaurant Management. PROF. LOUIE REYES Adviser Approved by the members of panel on October 2014. With a grade of ____ ________________________________________ Chairman _______________ _______________ _______________ Member Member Member Accepted in partial fulfillment of Bachelor of Science in Hospitality and Restaurant Management PROF. KATHERINE GUEVARRA ...
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...ASSIGNMENT OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT { LG MUSIC SYSTEM} 1. CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR PROFILE 2. IDENTIFY THE FACTORS AFFECTING CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR 3. EXPLAIN HOW BUYING TAKE PLACE SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY: MS.GURDEEP SILKY ROLL NO. 52 SEC 319 MBA 1ST SEM INDEX 1) INTRODUCTION TO LG AND LG’S MUSIC SYSTEM 2) CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR PROFILE OF LG MUSIC SYSTEM 3) FACTORS AFFECTING CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR 4) EXPLAIN HOW BUYING TAKE PLACE 5) BIBLIOGRAPHY • INTRODUCTION TO LG The history of LG Electronics has always been surrounded by the company's desire to create a happier, better life. LG Electronics was established in 1958 and has since led the way into the advanced digital era by manufacturing many home appliances such as radios and TVs. LG Electronics has unveiled many new products, applied new technologies in the form of mobile devices and digital TVs in the 21st century and continues to reinforce its status as a global company. LG Electronics has set a new mid-term and long-term vision, aiming to achieve a position as one of the top three electronics, information, and telecommunication firms...
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...Influences 12 3. Environmental Influences 15 1. Culture 15 2. Social Class 16 3. Reference Groups 16 2. Word-of-Mouth Communication 20 1. Definition 20 2. Scope and Significance 20 3. Characteristics of WOM 22 4. The Nature of WOM 24 1. Types 24 2. Process 24 3. Conditions 28 4. Motives 29 5. WOM and the Consumer Behaviour Literature 29 1. Adoption and Diffusion on Innovations 29 2. Post-Purchase Decision-Making 31 3. Pre-Purchase Decision-Making 33 Chapter 3 Empirical Analysis 34 1. The Model 34 1. Recommendation Sources 34 2....
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...UNDERSTANDING CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING OF CLOTHES A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the Requirements for the award of the degree of [MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION] BY AMAN AGGARWAL Register No. 1528606 Under the guidance of Prof. DILIP CHANDRA Institute of Management Christ University, Bangalore March 2016 DECLARATION I, Aman Aggarwal, hereby declare that the documentation titled “UNDERSTANDING CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING OF CLOTHES” is submitted for the partial fulfillment of the requirement of the award for the award of the MBA (Marketing) is my sole project work and has been carried out under the guidance of Prof. Dilip Chandra, Professor, Christ University, Bangalore. I also declare that this dissertation has not been submitted for any degree, diploma or fellowship or any other title in this University or any other university. Place: Date: Aman Aggarwal Reg. No. 1528606 CUIM, Main Campus (ii) CERTIFICATE- FACULTY GUIDE This is to certify that this research report on “UNDERSTANDING CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS ONLINE SHOPPING OF CLOTHES” is a bona fide work of Aman Aggarwal, under my guidance and support. This research report is a part of MBA (Marketing). The work done and content is genuine with respect to the information and data collected. Place: Date: Prof. Dilip Chandra Professor CUIM (iii) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to many people who helped me to accomplish this dissertation successfully. First,...
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...teamwork in organizations 4 4.1. Explain the nature of groups and group behaviour within organisations. 4 A. Definition 4 1. Group and group behavior 4 2. Group norms 7 3. Group decision-making 8 4. Group contribution 10 5. Formal and Informal group 11 6. Advantages and disadvantages of informal organisation 12 B. Apply in LG Electronics: 13 4.2: The factors that may promote or inhibit the development of effective teamwork in organizations 13 A: Definition 13 4.1.1: Inhibit the Group 14 4.1.2: Successful teamwork 16 B: Application for LGE 20 4.3 Evaluate the impact of technology on team functioning within a given organization 22 A: Definition 22 4.3.1 The importance of technology in business 23 4.3.2 The important of technology in team 23 4.3.3. Virtual teams of technology 24 4.3.4 Critical Success Factors of Virtual Teams 26 B: Application 27 CONCLUSION 30 Part III/ The usefulness of motivational theory for managers. 1. Distinction between Maslow’s Theory and Hertzberg’s Theory of motivation | Maslow’s Theory of Motivation | Hertzberg’s Theory of Motivation | Meaning | Maslow’s theory is based on the concept of human needs and their satisfaction. | Hertzberg’s theory is based on the use of motivators which include achievement, recognition and opportunity for growth. | Basis of theory | Maslow’s theory is based on the hierarchy of human needs. He identified five sets of human need (on priority basis) and their satisfaction in motivating employees...
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...Business Management Simeon Alvas D0913058 David Game College HND Business Management Simeon Alvas D0913058 Abstract Consumer behaviour models are designed to explain how individuals make decisions to spend their available resources. It includes what they buy, how they buy it, why and when they buy it and how often they used it. One of the ways to influence this behaviour in a fast fashion retail setting is to use visual merchandising strategies which trigger a number of stimuli influencing the consumers’ perception. The purpose of this research is to establish to what extent this visual merchandising strategies influencing consumers with a different cultural background in a highly competitive multicultural retail environment with an emphasis on the flagship store of Armani Exchange Regent Street, London. The author argues that the available models of consumer behaviour does not provide sufficient flexibility due to their linear nature. Therefore, they are unsuitable to address the needs of a contemporary retailer operating in a multicultural environment. The researcher build his hypothesis by examining the available literature in the area of retail marketing. Consequently, the hypothesis is tested by analysing a mixed sources of primary and secondary data. The conclusion of the author is that due to the absence of adequate consumer behaviour model the researched organisation is missing on a considerable amount of sales. Furthermore, the author argues that the contemporary...
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...100 household respondents of Bhavnagar city. It reveals that Company or Brand Name, guarantee / warrantee, Price, and After Sales Service are the important factors in purchase of durables. While, sources of important information authorized dealers’ shop, technical expert advice, role of TV as media and influence of friends, relatives and neighbors found important in purchase of durables by respondents. Keywords: Consumer Behaviour, Durable Products, Important Factors, Sources of Information, Buying Decisions. INTRODUCTION Marketing is seen as the whole business from the point of view of its final result, that is, from the customer’s point of view (Peter Drucker, 1986). The consumer is king in age of consumerism (McGuire, 2000). The term consumer behaviour defines as, state “the behaviour of consumers in deciding to buy or use or not to buy or use or dispose or not to dispose of the products which satisfy their needs”( Schiffman and Kanuk, 1995, Chunawalla, 2000, Solomon and others, 2001). Moreover one of the key analyses under the heading “consumer behaviour” refers to the interaction between price changes of products and consumer demand too (http://www.bized.ac.uk/fme). It reflects in their...
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