...how does human activity affect nature? human activity affects nature in many ways, as time goes on and civilization advances nature pays the toll more and more. due to the number of the human population rising constantly more and more animals need to be killed for food but in the lines of nature more space is required for living so forests may be cut down meaning less oxygen in the air which increases harmful gases in the air which could lead to more acid rain so more plants could be killed. we are also using more resources from the Earth, especially natrual raw resources found in the ground, this leads to mining and so destroys landing and may mean animals will have to leave affecting biodiversity. This also leads to the fact that other species might be in the face of harm and could be killed or forced to migrate again effecting diversity. but yet again you cant completely rule out the idea that its always a loss in biodiversity since if a certain species was to live in a specific habitat and we were to destory that habitat they could be forced to move to another species habitat and adapt which increases biodiversity. due to these points the need to conserve species was realized. reasons to conserve could be economical or ecological reasons, this could cover conserving things suhc as regulation of atmospere and climate and retention of fresh water. this would also cover recycling and the growth of food and fuel. there are also ethical reasons for conserving as well as astethic...
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...Human Biology Week 1: Worksheet 1. Consider the organization of life. Identify the different levels of organization from the cell to the organism. -The cell is the smallest unit displaying the properties of life that is the basic structural and functional unit of organisms. -Tissues are a group of similar cells that performs similar functions. - Organ is a structure that contains at least two different types of tissues that work together for a common purpose. -Organ system is a group of organs arranged in such a way that they perform functions that they would not otherwise be able to perform if they were by themselves. -Organism is an individual being that contains all of the above mentioned. Without these an organism would not be able to function properly. 2. List and define the characteristics of life and provide an example in your life that demonstrates the characteristic. -There are 7 characteristics of life and they are as follows: Organization is when single cell organisms have a specific make up to be self sufficient. It starts with an organism which is complex. Humans are classified as multicellular because they are composed of many different types of cells. A tissue is defined as a group of similar cells that perform a particular function. An organ is made up of many tissues, and organ systems are a group of organs that perform a common function. One example of life is humans. When acquiring materials and energy, living things take in energy and use it...
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...1. List and describe the steps of mitosis. A. Interphase. At this stage the cell is undergoing metabolic events and activities in preparations for cell division. The chromosomes are not visible at this stage. However, a dark stop (nucleolus) may be seen. B. Prophase. The chromosome starts condensing. At this stage the chromosomes become visible. The nucleolus disappears and the centrioles begin moving to opposite ends. From the centromeres, fibers start to extend. Mitotic spindle form. C. Prometaphase. Nuclear membrane disappears. Proteins get attached to the centromeres to create kinetochores. Microtubules attach at the kinetochores. The chromosomes start moving. D. Metaphase. The chromosomes arrange themselves at the equator of the cell. This will ensure that the chromosomes will separate and each nucleus will have one copy of each chromosome. E. Anaphase. The pair chromosomes separate and move in the opposite directions.The separation is due to movement of kinetochore along the spindle fiber. Physical interactions of the polar microtubules also contribute in the movement of the chromosomes. F. Telophase. Now the chromatids are located at the poles. Membranes form around the daughter nuclei. The chromosomes are no longer visible under the light microscope. The spindle fibers disperse, and cell partitioning starts. G. Cytokinesis. Fiber rings around the center of the cell contract causing the cell to divide into two daughter cells. Each daughter cell has one...
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...1. Jill is terrified of flying. She has never been on vacation because there are no fun places within driving distance of her home. She recently turned down a job promotion that she really wanted because the new position would require her to fly across the country several times a year. 2. 15 years-old Jamie is intelligent, perfectionistic, and a very high achiever. She's usually thin but obsessed with her weight anyway. She may exercise compulsively. Although she often refuses food, she thinks about it all the time, counting calories and fat grams and studying diets. She may lie about what she eats by hiding uneaten food or telling her family that she's already had lunch. If confronted, she'll deny that she's sick. For that reason, she often ends up getting treatment only after her family takes her to the doctor for a related disorder (such as anemia, missed periods, constipation, or fatigue). 3. Orlando believes that the FBI is hunting him down because they want information from him. He reports that he receives telephone calls from the FBI agents who are threatening to imprison him if he doesn’t give them the information they need. Orlando has stopped showering and shaving. He wears a tin foil hat so that the FBI agents cannot “steal his thoughts.” 4. Kristina has always been a very clean and neat person. She just went to college and now had to live with a roommate. Kristina reports that her roommate is not messy, but...
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...1. Discuss spread of communicable diseases and the environment’s mediating role. More people are at risk of communicable diseases than at any other time on history. Communicable diseases are worldwide problem requiring worldwide attention. Communicable diseases can weaken the strength of a nation's resources. In developing nations this poses an even greater threat. Diseases are threatening the economic stability of many developing nations. 50,000 people die everyday from infectious disease. Global development strategies are needed to reduce communicable diseases. In the future, communicable diseases are likely to grow in the United States. For the United States cannot ensure safety for its citizens without noting other diseases in the world. If the United States investigates other outbreaks, they can learn how to best prevent and treat diseases prior to them coming to the country. Numerous agencies are involved in efforts to fight communicable diseases. Just recently, a task force that was chaired by a number of agencies (CDC, FDA, NIH) developed a blueprint for agencies to develop programs to fight disease. United States agencies are also providing advice and support to the WHO, NGOs, banks and foundations. There are numerous ways to combat these diseases. Improved education and awareness of the disease is essential in preventing it. NGOs can provide training in these areas. Another way of prevention is improved living conditions. Poor sanitation, overcrowding and malnutrition...
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...Biology From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Biology (disambiguation). Biology deals with the study of the many varieties of living organisms. Clockwise from top left: Salmonella typhimurium, Phascolarctos cinereus, Athyrium filix-femina, Amanita muscaria, Agalychnis callidryas, and Brachypelma smithi Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.[1] Biology is a vast subject containing many subdivisions, topics, and disciplines. Among the most important topics are five unifying principles that can be said to be the fundamental axioms of modern biology:[2] 1. Cells are the basic unit of life 2. New species and inherited traits are the product of evolution 3. Genes are the basic unit of heredity 4. An organism regulates its internal environment to maintain a stable and constant condition 5. Living organisms consume and transform energy. Subdisciplines of biology are recognized on the basis of the scale at which organisms are studied and the methods used to study them: biochemistry examines the rudimentary chemistry of life; molecular biology studies the complex interactions of systems of biological molecules; cellular biology examines the basic building block of all life, the cell; physiology examines the physical and chemical functions of the tissues, organs, and organ systems of an organism; and ecology...
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...Ways Biology Plays a Role in Everyday Life and Benefits Society A. Biology is used by doctors to treat diseases in humans and animals. Farmers use biology to understand their crops. Marine biologists use biology to protect and understand ocean life. Nutritionists use biology to understand the way bodies interact with food. Health inspectors use biology to set standards for food safety. B. Biology is a person's daily life. The food you eat was produced using biological processes. There are quadrillions of biochemical reactions going on in your body at any given moment. Your environment is affected by biological processes, many organisms and chemicals found in your environment affect you. C. Any drug you ever take to cure your headache or eliminate an infection was developed using biology (and chemistry & etc.). Making breads and cheeses depends on biological processed carried out by yeasts and molds. All the oxygen you breathe was generated by biological processes (specifically, photosynthesis). Virtually all the energy you use was created by biological processes. (Oil and coal are both ultimately derived from plant matter.) D. Biology connects to my life due to many factors; for one my school is almost completely surrounded by a swamp in which, occasionally, I see its various organisms and plant species. Another way biology connects to my everyday life is the bread I eat, in which before it’s made into a sandwich (or even into bread for that matter)...
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... |College of Natural Sciences | | |SCI/230 Version 7 | | |Introduction to Life Science | Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course applies a broad, conceptual understanding of biology. Students are introduced to scientific ideologies and concepts that not only shape our biological world, but also shape us as humans. Students examine the scientific method, evolution and biodiversity, the biology of cells, energy systems, the dynamics of inheritance, and the effect humans have on the environment. The text emphasizes methods and the theoretical foundations of ideas, while minimizing isolated facts. It stresses the integration of ideas, making connections that form our understanding of the living world. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject...
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...MICHAEL AWUAH DENKYIRAH BIO/101-PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY NOVEMBER 16TH, 2013. JEBA INBARASU 1. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—related to the scientific method, creating hypotheses, or designing experiments. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better understand how the scientific method is used to create hypotheses and experiments. Answer: The scientific method is the best way yet discovered for distinguioshing the truth from lies and delusions. The scientific method is just a list of steps that one needs to follow when solving a problem. The procedures for scientific methods are: a. Questions and Observation: One must observe some aspect of the universe and ask questions about it. Do research about the observation. b. Experiment and Evidence: Invent a tentative description, called a hypothesis that is consistent with what you have observed .Use the hypothesis to make guesses or predictions .Test those predictions by experiments or further observations and modify the hypothesis in the light of your results. c. Analyzing the date and draw conclusions from the experiments d. Publishing our final results into journals or a display board for other professionals to examine our scientific work. When consistency is obtained the hypothesis becomes a theory and provides a...
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...Lecture 01 Nature & Scope of Biological Science What is Biology? A brief history. Biology today. Group of organisms being studied. Approach taken to the study of organisms. New definition of Biology. Why study Biology? Aspects of Science Science has two aspects. It is both (1) a body of knowledge and (2) a method used for discovering new knowledge. What is biology? The word biology comes from the Greek words bios, which means life, and logos, which means thought. Thus, biology is the science that deals with the study of life. Origin of Life |According to this theory, about 15 billion years ago (15,000,000,000) the Universe was nothing more than a very small speck of mass. This speck| |was probably no bigger than the head of a pin. Everything in the Universe, all the galaxies, stars, planets, and even the matter making up your| |body, was squished up tightly in this tiny space. | |Eventually, after a very long time, this speck exploded. All of a sudden, in a giant flash of unimaginable heat and power, the Universe was | |born. Over a period of billions and billions of years, the Universe became what we see today. Slowly stars began to form, and around these | |stars planets formed. | |About 4.6 billion years ago our Earth looked very different...
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...Branches of Biology Biology, the study of life, has many aspects to it and many specializations within this broad field. Below is an alphabetical list of many of the branches of biology. Agriculture - study of producing crops from the land, with an emphasis on practical applications Anatomy - the study of the animal form, with an emphasis on human bodies Biochemistry - the study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, usually a focus on the cellular level Bioengineering - the study of biology through the means of engineering with an emphasis on applied knowledge and especially related to biotechnology. Bioinformatics - also classified as a branch of information technology (IT) it is the study, collection, and storage of genomic data Biomathematics or Mathematical Biology - the study of biological processes through mathematics, with an emphasis on modeling. Biomechanics - often considered a branch of medicine, the study of the mechanics of living beings, with an emphasis on applied use through artificial limbs, etc. Biophysics - the study of biological processes through physics, by applying the theories and methods traditionally used in the physical sciences Biotechnology - a new and sometimes controversial branch of biology that studies the manipulation of living matter, including genetic modification Botany - the study of plants Cell Biology - the study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions...
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...Genetic Diversity How genetic diversity comes about? Genetic diversity is a branch of Biology which refers to large number of different species that can be found on earth as well the diversity with in a particular species. Also, genetic diversity is affected by several on going natural issues that are related to mutation, sexual reproduction, migration, and the size of the population. The first issues that related are mutation. What is mutation? Mutation defined “an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration,” (www.thefreedictionary.com, 2008). The issue with mutation is that it permanently change the characteristics of the species involved in the mutation. This could lead to permanent loss of certain characteristics in a species. According to Concepts in Biology, “the Anopheles mosquito is responsible for transmitting malaria in many African countries,” (2008). The large number of people who fear that mutation can lead to disharmony in the environment. In addition, mutation is useful in determining evolutionary relationship. Second issue that related is sexual reproduction. What is sexual reproduction? According to Concepts in Biology, “the propagation of organisms involving the union of gametes from two parents," (2008). In human form the males carry sperm which are small and motile. The female carry eggs which provide food for embryo. In addition, male his sex organs main purposes are to produce the sperm and...
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...CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination CAPE ® BIOLOGY SYLLABUS Effective for examinations from May/June 2008 CXC A10/U2/07 Published by the Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author or publisher. Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica, W.I. Telephone: (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: (876) 967-4972 E-mail address: cxcwzo@cxc.org Website: www.cxc.org Copyright © 2007, by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB14038, Barbados CXC A10/U2/07 ii Contents RATIONALE.....................................................................................................................................................1 AIMS ..................................................................................................................................................................1 SKILLS AND ABILITIES TO BE ASSESSED ...............................................................................................2 PRE-REQUISITES OF THE SYLLABUS .......................................................................................................5 STRUCTURE...
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...Branches of biology * Aerobiology – the study of airborne organic particles * Agriculture – the study of producing crops from the land, with an emphasis on practical applications * Anatomy – the study of form and function, in plants, animals, and other organisms, or specifically in humans * Arachnology – the study of arachnids * Astrobiology – the study of evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe—also known as exobiology, exopaleontology, and bioastronomy * Biochemistry – the study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, usually a focus on the cellular level * Bioengineering – the study of biology through the means of engineering with an emphasis on applied knowledge and especially related to biotechnology * Biogeography – the study of the distribution of species spatially and temporally * Bioinformatics – the use of information technology for the study, collection, and storage of genomic and other biological data * Biomathematics (or Mathematical biology) – the quantitative or mathematical study of biological processes, with an emphasis on modeling * Biomechanics – often considered a branch of medicine, the study of the mechanics of living beings, with an emphasis on applied use through prosthetics or orthotics * Biomedical research – the study of the human body in health and disease * Biophysics – the study of biological processes through physics, by applying the theories and methods...
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...Assignment 1: Biology Article Cinthya Jacobo Professor: Dr. Francie Coblentz Introduction to Biology: SCI115 11/08/2015 The article “Therapeutic Cloning, and stem cell Research” by Gena Smith is about how we can extract stem cells from replicated human embryos and use them for medical and therapeutic purposes. The stems cells are perfect because they are what the article calls “master cells” which with the help of science, can be manipulated to become anything from brain cells to kidney cells. The article also revolves around the amount of controversy over the issue of cloning. The article mostly reviews the medical side of cloning rather than the reproduction side which can one day lead to the cloning of individual people. The article has high hopes for the potential use of cloning stating that “Down the road, scientists believe it will be possible to create complicated structures such as blood vessels, liver tissue, and whole kidneys. In fact, ACT scientists have already succeeded in building tiny cow kidneys that could be used for kidney transplants. It isn't hard to envision, Lanza says, a future where pretty much any kind of organ or tissue could be engineered to replace those damaged by age, injury, or disease.” Overall, this new study of cloning could help clone new body tissues which can help regulate, maintain and potentially replace importance body organs that could then lead to the salvation of millions of lives. According to an article by Norwegian University...
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