...I began thoroughly learning about Humanism last year in my AP European History class. The concept of Humanism was, especially, known and expressed during the Renaissance in Italy. From what I know, this concept has a basis of appreciating humanity. Humanists tended to only focus on the “goodness” and morality of a human being. They viewed humans as “supreme” instead of an actual God. Humanism and the Italian Renaissance came after the era of the Middle Ages. To humanists, human beings had the “... ability to solve problems… and seek rational solutions…” instead of focusing on religious solutions (Ch. 17 pg 279). Before the Renaissance, many Europeans solely believed in what the Bible and the Church taught them; They refused to learn logical...
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...Italian Renaissance v. Northern Renaissance Christopher Garrett University of Phoenix Renaissance comes from the Latin renasci, which means to be born, or rebirth or revival (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2014). The Renaissance was an era that influenced countries for over 200 years, and transformed culture and religion. Starting toward the end of the 13th century, the renaissance was an integral part of developing countries in both north Europe and Italy. These renaissance periods are the Italian and the Northern renaissance. Even though both renaissances had similarities and made an impact within European countries, they both had differences as well that made them each unique. The Italian Renaissance began at the end of the 13th century and lasted until the beginning of the 1600’s. This period could be considered the transition period between the Middle ages and medieval period to modern Europe. During the Italian Renaissance, humanists labeled the “rebirth” as the Dark Ages. The Italian Renaissance focused more on the common man and everyday realities of life, which heavily influenced the culture and art (Beougher, 2010). The Northern Renaissance was influenced by Italian Renaissance; however, the northern movement carried different characteristics and strengths and affected European countries outside of Italy. During the Northern Renaissance, the north held onto the Gothic art and architecture. The north also had fewer centers of free commerce, unlike in Italy...
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...History The Renaissance-1 Textbook: pg. 338 to mid 343 16 January 2014 1. Why did the Renaissance first begin in Italy? The Renaissance first began in Italy because Italy had better resources. Anyone was able to go to Italy in search for a fresh start while bringing new ideas people never questioned. 2. Why was Florence at the heart of the Italian Renaissance? Florence was at the heart of the Italian Renaissance because it was started from Florence, and it was one of the wealthiest cities with significant power. The Medici family helped Florence become a cultural center for meetings or discussions about art. 3. What role did the Medici family play in the Renaissance Florence? The Medici family showed special interests for arts and literature, so they financed numerous art creations and get-togethers for the benefit of Florence. 4. Regarding humanism: -What are the characteristics of humanism? How is it different from medieval scholasticism? from nominalism? The characteristics of humanism include learning, anatomy, realism, reason, nature, youth, individualism, and perspective. Scholasticism was more orientated towards philosophers or theologians and it failed to offer moral guidance, however, humanism was about direct sources such as the bible or Latin/Greek classics. Nominalism is considered to believe that abstract or general terms are real, while humanism prefers human views. -Why is Petrarch considered to be the "Father of Humanism"? Petrarch...
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...The Renaissance; the transitional time period from the dark Middle Ages to the age titled Early Modern. During this time period, scholars in Florence--and then much of Europe--revived the ancient ideas of the Greeks and Romans. That being said, the Renaissance was a completely different era due to: the birth of Humanism, revolutionary ideas, and the amazing pieces of art that were created during this time. Stunning pieces of art distinguished the Renaissance as its own time period unrelated to Medieval times. The best place to start is with the medieval mosaic, “Justinian & Attendants” by San Vitale. The mosaic is flat, depicts Christian themes, has no vibrant colors, and its most important figure has a halo around them (Doc 11). On the...
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...is very different than the Renaissance people. In Medieval period the amount of money invested on Art& Architecture was much less than Renaissance people invested. During Medieval period, all art was portrait of patron, and religious celebrations, they have not used oil paints during the architecture, and also there were no nude pictures as well. But in contrast to Renaissance period it was non-religious artwork; many different painting techniques, people became very interested in realism and accuracy so they have portrayed human anatomy in nude paintings and structure, and it involved more emotion in the art. For example, “The Birth of Venus,” is one of the well-known portrays from Renaissance...
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...The Renaissance: Artists and Concepts The Italian Renaissance occurred from 1330 to 1550 on the heels of the Middle Ages in Italy and is described as one of the most influential times in art history. It brought about new ideas about art, science, and government. Feudalism which had been fiercely popular during the Middle Ages was beginning to trickle out of popularity while concepts such as humanism and Neo-Platonism started taking hold. The Renaissance is divided into the Early Renaissance which lasted from 1330 to 1450 and the High Renaissance which continued from 1450 to 1550. Many legendary artists such as Leonardo Da Vinci and Botticelli acquired their claim to fame during this time period. The Early Renaissance which began in 1330 introduced the concepts of Neo-Platonism and humanism. Neo-Platonism sought to reconcile humanism with Christianity, to blend the teachings of Plato and other ancient philosophers with the teachings of the Church. Humanism strove to portray lifelike human forms with correct proportions and realistic clothing and expressions. Artists developed new techniques to give paintings a more three-dimensional, life-like quality, and commonly studied human and animal anatomy in efforts to better understand their subjects. Sandro Botticelli is probably the best known and most influential painter from the Early Renaissance, although his works remained relatively unknown until several centuries later. The concept of Neo-Platonism and humanism can both...
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...Brandon Fisher 10/20/15 Hum1020 What is humanism? Humanism can be described in many ways and expressed through various methods . Many authors tend to explain humanism in several different meanings, and because they do not clarify which meaning it is that they themselves believe and can often be the foundation of confusion. Modern humanism can vary from the renaissance humanism in many ways, because generations have changed and different problems arose through the time periods. Modern humanism depends on reason and human life itself, it rejects all sense of supernaturalism and has a dual origin. While renaissance humanism directly focuses on the arts, culture, and rhetorical traditions. In this generation the infatuation with humans and life itself describes differences that these three readings have. However, the author’s opinions on humanism connects the similarities that they share. In Margaret L. King’s Renaissance Humanism, the different essays cover the opinions of humanism which ties to the papal court and all medieval traditions . In each essay the topic is focused on literary and religious magnitudes as well as the idea of classical learning. The beliefs and aspirations of the people were centered on God and saints as well as some scholars becoming more interested in the sciences and arts . During the timeframe of these writings women who practiced humanism were often looked upon as problematic. They were typically more intelligent and willingly tried to step...
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...During 1500-1600 the church had many roles in the lives of the people and in the government. The church ran everything which made it very powerful and controlling. Since the church was so powerful and controlling, people had faith in it and were willing to devote time and money to the church. Throughout the Renaissance the power of the church began to decline rapidly. Although the role of the church changed throughout the Renaissance it was the base to everything in this time period, such as art, literature, poetry, and government, etc. Since the role of the church changed during the Renaissance everything the church was involved in also changed. Art was being controlled by the church during and before the Italian Renaissance. Every piece...
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...------------------------------------------------- Top of FormThe Protestant Reformation referred to a religious movement in the 16th century that resulted in the division of Christianity into Catholics and Protestants. Europe was split into the Northern part which was occupied by the Protestants and the Southern part remained occupied by the Roman Catholics (Schaff 105). Christian humanism, on the other hand, refers to an intellectual movement that originated from the Renaissance, and it had the aim of eliminating corruption of the church and also in reviving the classical learning (Schaff 108).Comparison between the two movements These two movements were both aimed at eliminating corruption of the Roman Church, but they used different approaches. Christian Humanism aimed to reform the church by blending in some of the best classical learning to the Christian religion so as to formulate an ethical lifestyle. Protestant Reformation, on the other hand, had deeper demands that were based on doctrinal and theological grounds (Schaff 125). Christian Humanism did not agree with the Roman Catholic Church’s educational approach and hence they wanted to incorporate Renaissance humanism’s educational system which could provide them with solutions to the current problems they were facing at that time. For instance, Jacques Lefevre worked tirelessly so as to formulate an accurate text of the Holy Book with the belief that if people understood the scriptures then they will increase their devotion to Christianity. These humanists...
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...History 101 The Renaissance paved the way for numerous other eras such as The Protestant Reformation, the Scientific Revolution and The Enlightenment. The Renaissance brought on the idea of Individualism and how educating yourself and believing in yourself could make a better world. The Renaissance helped change personal views of one’s self and the world. The Renaissance is portrayed by a number of different ideas about Life and humanity, some of which are Individualism, secularism, and humanism. Individualism was a noteworthy concept that came about during the Renaissance era. It put emphasis on personality, uniqueness, genius, and developing one’s capabilities and talents. Recognizing individual efforts and then becoming known beyond the local areas began to grow during the renaissance. Artist started to sign their work so they could gain fame far from their own areas. This was different because in the middle Ages artist painted to glorify God, so that did not require an artist to sign their work. During the Renaissance the artist wanted to be known for being an individual and not to just contribute to a group (religion). Also during the Renaissance there was more attention to the development of the individual where education was concerned. The Importance of learning all intellectual areas as well as becoming knowledgeable about physical actions was a new development during the Renaissance. During the Renaissance you could become educated in many different areas this was...
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...world as a whole. Humanism is one of most important concepts found in the history of world literature. Humanism is an attitude that emphasizes the dignity and worth of the individual. A basic assumption is that people are rational beings who possess within themselves the capacity for truth and goodness. The term humanism is most often used to describe a literary and cultural movement that spread through Western Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries. This Renaissance revival of Greek and Roman studies emphasized the value of the classics for their own sake, rather than for their relevance to Christianity. Humanism is an attitude of the mind that accompanied the progression of the Renaissance. This aspect of humanism, sometimes called the Revival of Antiquity, includes the study of the classics; editorial and philological work on ancient texts. In the beginning, the church controlled literature. Writers could only center their literature on God. Writers couldn’t write about flesh, each other and objects outside the church. People of this time were very uneducated because the church did not value education. They believed that God does the thinking for you. At some point, people started thinking and they wanted to know what literature was like before the church controlled it. What they found opened their eyes and opened the door to the Renaissance. They found that writers wrote about other things and not just God. This is how the Renaissance begin. The Renaissance movement...
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...Leslie C. Lee HIEU 205 June 23, 2014 Italian and Northern Humanism During the age known as the Renaissance, humanism was a thriving force within Europe. Humanism had a profound impact on how man viewed the role of education and intellectualism within society. Renaissance humanism has been defined as simply a curriculum based upon the study of Greco-Roman classics that affected the culture and man’s point of view. Renaissance humanism was ultimately divided into two branches which came to be known as Civic humanism and Christian humanism which defined differences between Italian humanists and Northern humanists. Leon Battista Alberti (1404-1472) and Desiderius Erasmus (1469-1536) and their ideals exemplify what separated the two. The contrast between Italian humanism and Northern humanism can be simply stated as one led man away from God, the other drew man closer to God. Education was crucial a factor in the ideals of both Italian and Northern humanists. Classical scholarship was the heart of Italian humanism while Christian scholarship was the chosen education of Northern humanists. The classical Latin language of Cicero was an important part of both scholarship curriculums and both Alberti and Erasmus were fluent in Latin. The differences between scholarships were the exclusion or inclusion of Christian classics. Italian humanists unlike Northern humanists held the idea that the classic Latin language should be the chosen language of the elite. It was a common practice...
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...What Were the Characteristics of the Renaissance? In very simple terms, the Italian Renaissance re-established Western art according to the principles of classical Greek art, especially Greek sculpture and painting, which provided much of the basis for the Grand Tour, and which remained unchallenged until Pablo Picasso and Cubism. From the early 14th century, in their search for a new set of artistic values and a response to the courtly International Gothic style, Italian artists and thinkers became inspired by the ideas and forms of ancient Greece and Rome. This was perfectly in tune with their desire to create a universal, even noble, form of art which could express the new and more confident mood of the times. Renaissance Philosophy of Humanism Above all, Renaissance art was driven by the new notion of "Humanism," a philosophy which had been the foundation for many of the achievements (eg. democracy) of pagan ancient Greece. Humanism downplayed religious and secular dogma and instead attached the greatest importance to the dignity and worth of the individual. Effect of Humanism on Art In the visual arts, humanism stood for (1) the emergence of the individual figure, in place of stereotyped, or symbolic figures. (2) Greater realism and consequent attention to detail, as reflected in the development of linear perspective and the increasing realism of human faces and bodies; this new approach helps to explain why classical sculpture was so revered, and why Byzantine art...
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...The Renaissance in the North took started the late 1490s. Many factors caused the Renaissance to take place; cities were recovering from the Hundred Years' War, the Bubonic Plague, and the wealthy people began hiring and funding artists. Around c. 1450, the Gutenberg printing press was invented, which is one of the greatest accomplishments in the Northern Renaissance. The printing press allowed scholars, humanists, and people in general to spread their thoughts and beliefs with the world which opened the eyes of many. The Protestant Reformation and the translation of the Bible from original languages to common languages such as German and French, also happened during the Northern Renaissance. The Bible being translated into more...
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...The Renaissance, a period to which many changes in art, literature, and unexpected evolutions both took place. Those few changes helped to form the art we know today through influence and creativity. The Renaissance all started in Italy, making it the foremost change in the process. The term Renaissance means “rebirth,” and refers to a revival of art and learning through the 1300s to the 1600s. The cultural aspects of literature, art, and innovative ideas rolled along, infecting others with its hope and interesting contributions to the world. During the Renaissance, writers such as Petrarch and Boccaccio were the most influential and started the major changes in art. Many people call Francesco Petrarch the father of the Renaissance humanism. He wrote many poems and sonnets in which he portrayed a mysterious woman named Laura. Other Renaissance writers reflected their time, but they also used many of the techniques that we use today. Most writers wrote for two things: Self-expression or their own individuality as a person. This way, the writers began to begin trends in some ways that modern writers follow today. Many stories were written during this time period, Decameron by Giovanni Boccaccio is best known for its series of realistic,...
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