...In the wake of Hurricane Sandy, New York City asked The Nature Conservancy to prepare a conceptual study on how a mix of natural and built defenses could be implemented in a dense urban area. Now, the results of that study, Integrating Natural Infrastructure into Urban Coastal Resilience, are in. What is the Integrating Natural Infrastructure into Urban Coastal Resilience Case Study all about? The Nature Conservancy prepared the report by request from the New York City Special Initiative for Rebuilding to evaluate the role of nature and natural infrastructure in protecting coastal communities in New York City from some of the impacts of climate change. The community of Howard Beach, Queens, an area that was hard hit during Hurricane Sandy, was selected as a representative neighborhood for conceptually addressing the use of natural systems as part of a resilience strategy in the face of a changing climate and future storm events. Why was Howard Beach picked for the study? Howard Beach is low-lying and very flat, leaving it vulnerable to storm events and flooding. The 10-foot storm surge that flooded Howard Beach during Sandy left it under water and caused significant damage. Given its profile and how badly it was impacted by Hurricane Sandy, Howard Beach was a good model of a vulnerable coastal community that could be applied to other New York City and national communities. Although Howard Beach was used in the analysis, the study methodology is applicable to coastal communities...
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...Greene 1 Cause and Effect September 6th 2015 John Bryson Greene Effects of Global Warming Have you noticed that in the past few years the average temperature has changed? The summers are hotter the usual. The winters aren’t as cold as you remember them. Did you realize when storm season comes; instead of your regular thunderstorm you get super storms? All these effects are caused by global warming. Global warming is defined as “An increase in the earth's atmospheric and oceanic temperatures widely predicted to occur due to an increase in the greenhouse effect resulting especially from pollution” (Global Warming About). To put that in layman’s terms, global warming is an increase in air and water temperature due to pollution. Global warming has many effects on the Earth. Some of the effects are raising temperatures, melting icecaps, changing weather, and the effect it has on animals If you can’t tell by the name, global warming causes a raise in temperature. The decade of 2000-2010 has been the hottest decade since the 1980’s (Climate Hot). According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the average temperature of the earth has risen over 2.1 degrees (Enloe). Over the 50 years, the number of record low temperature around the world has declined (Climate). Since the 1970’s, the average temperatures between November and February in the USA have increased by 1-2 degrees (Global Warming And). As mentioned earlier, global warming is causing the...
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...straight days and 17 inches of rain, more than five inches above the annual average for the area. More than 1,200 people were missing, 19,000 homes were damaged or destroyed, 12,000 people evacuated. Fatalities were still unknown, but expected to be numerous. Television images showed raging torrents in streams and creeks that rivaled the last few hundred yards of the Niagara River before the Falls. Colorado was experiencing not just a 100-year event; this was a 1,000-year event, a flood that even the National Weather Service characterized as not only historic, but biblical. That turns out to be a pretty good characterization of a 100-year event. They’re big, we know them when we see them, and we remember them: Hurricane Katrina in 2005; Super Storm Sandy in 2012; the tornado that devastated Moore, Oklahoma in 2013; the entire wildfire summer of 2012. And if one of them takes your loved ones, your home, or your possessions, it doesn’t really matter if it makes the record books. 26 ACTUARIAL REVIEW NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013 • WWW.CASACT.ORG Misleading Term percent annual probability of occurring at a given location. For The term “100-year event” (or whatever number you want to example, if Miami, Florida, is impacted by a 100-year hurri- attach to it) expresses a probability rather than a certainty. cane event in 2013, this doesn’t mean the next 100-year hur- Events this extreme are commonly measured by how likely...
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...Trident University Module #1 – Case Assignment MHE 512 – Disaster Relief Objectives: For this case you are discuss the response by government, NGOs and volunteer groups to Hurricane Katrina. The question for you to answer is whether or not the organizational structure for disaster response for the City of New Orleans, State of Louisiana, and FEMA was adequate to effectively respond to a Cat. 3 - 5 hurricane on August 26th, 2005. As you respond to this question please complete the following: o Review the various reports concerning the Katrina response and relief efforts. Identify an example of a relief effort which was successful and one which was unsuccessful. o Discuss the reasons why the examples you cited above were or were not successful. Comment specifically on whether you believe that the organizational structure at the City of New Orleans, State of Louisiana, and the Federal government was adequate, including communications and command and control. (Please refer to the Organization Structure for incident management in the National Response Plan.) Focus on how coordinating structures, processes, and protocols were employed to manage the disaster response. Discuss the importance of social networks during the Katrina Disaster. Please review the following (referenced) article and comment on the importance of social networks during a disaster response. ~ 1 of 11 ~ MHE 512- MOD 1 - Case Introduction to Disaster Relief; Organizational Structure of Relief Organizations;...
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... flooding imminent as levees strained and gave way pouring into New Orleans. The Category 5 hurricane terrorizing all cities and states on its war path of destruction; Katrina is what they call her and her storm surge reached 20 feet high. 1,836 was the final death toll that Hurricane Katrina caused and her affects were impacted over approximately 90,000 square miles. 80% of New Orleans was underwater and some places were up to 20 feet under. (11 Facts About Hurricane Katrina) This destruction is unimaginable to most of us but for those that experienced it, it is something they never want to experience again. Along Katrina’s route of destruction, tornados were developed wreaking havoc in other states. In this paper I will discuss, in depth, hurricanes and tornados and the destruction they cause to our nation. The word hurricane was derived from the Spanish word “huracan” this word originated from a Mayan storm god. The word hurricane was used in the West Indies where they described any tropical cyclone. (Hurricane: What is a Hurricane?) The accurate definition of a hurricane is a “tropical cyclone with sustained winds that have reached speeds of 74 mph or higher” the storms are labeled as hurricanes when they gain their strength over days and weeks time. (Hurricane: What is a Hurricane?) Storms developing over the Atlantic Ocean or eastern Pacific Ocean are coined hurricanes. Regardless the name, all tropical cyclones develop the same way. These storms use warm, moist...
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...RECOMMENDATIONS REPORT: DELTA AIR LINE, INC. Prepared for: Delta Air Line Executives Prepared by: Olivia Wan April 16, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 STRENGTHS 1 Frequent Flier Program 1 Baggage System 2 SkyTeam 3 WEAKNESSES 3 Treatment of Delayed Passengers 3 Ticket Over-Sales 4 OPPORTUNITY 5 Entertainment 5 THREATS 5 Competition 5 Unexpected Weather 6 RECOMMENDATIONS 6 Customer Survey 7 Increase Promotions 8 Customer Service Training Program 9 CONCLUTION 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY 11 ILLUSTRATIONS 4,5 Figure 1 …4 Figure 2 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DELTA AIR LINE, INC. PREPARED BY OLIVIA WAN Delta has a very strong frequent flyer program that serves and benefits customers. Also, Delta has made an improvement into baggage system to limit miss handle baggage. Such improvement strengthens the company and allows gaining more trust in customer services. Within the last several years, Delta joined in the SkyTeam program, which provides more destinations that customers can choose from, at the same time they will also get the benefit from the frequent flyer program by traveling other airlines within the SkyTeam program. Airline industry is the kind of industry that provides service to customer. However, Delta have not yet meet their goal to better service it customers. Customers have complaint about their treatment toward the delayed due to the aircraft problem. Also, the over sales ticket have brought down Delta customer service image...
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...------------------respond_____________. disasters which can deter tourism from visiting the region by creating a negative perception in their mind that it’s not the right time and safe place to visit at the moment. The negative reporting of the damages caused by the cyclones have caused a potential loss to Queensland’s economics for tourism is one of the four pillars. Affected the tourism industry. Important that Tourism Queensland efficiently uses the money it has to gain maximum return as over ‘$590 million’ had been lost already. Important to plan and come up with a strategy that would achieve great benefits for the industry. The most commonly used tactics to bring back Slogan and images that shows the___________of Queensland that helps. According to the case study there have been an influx of a new target market, the Chinese people. Great opportunity to create campaigns to attract their attention. Include Chinese language in their ads in order to make them feel special. Chinese people are big spenders. In order to reduce the negative images created by the media, it is important to ‘get the truth’ out and reduce the declining number of tourism visiting the area or lure them back to the region. Using slogans and positive images in campaigns to counter--_ what is perceived in the media Holding compeititions and hosting events of...
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...That included matter from forest fires in Canada being carried through air currents to these states. These particles permeate the lungs and circulatory systems when breathed in. Studies have not shown injuries or deaths in New England from it, yet, but Ireland and Utah show studies of it. Another issue is crops and drinking water. Flooding of crops makes a break in the food chain along with sabotaging of the water we drink from. Not only has there been an uproar in my home state but all across New England, ticks has had an uproar. In addition, people are at risk of post-traumatic stress and anxiety disorders due to climate change. This is the case because floods and forest fires are recognized as catastrophic events that cause havoc to a persons everyday life. It is factual in saying global warming has an effect on everything and people need to stress prevention of global warming...
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...charities and act in the way that she hopes others will. She has taken her fame and put it to the best use possible by promoting organizations that help those that are less fortunate than we are. She's persevered with her acting career while also attending school and seeing the importance in a good education. Nobody would really think that a nine year old girl that stumbled into the spotlight could possibly have such a huge impact on thousands of children, those that she's helped by donating to and those that she's helped by proving that even a kid can become an actor or actress if they work hard enough. She inspires me by doing so much for the world while she maintains such a level-headed personality and tries her best to find the time to study. There are very few people in the world who, at the age of 22, have accomplished as much as she has and left such a positive mark on society, and for those reasons, I believe she's a real life...
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...originated in the heart of the French Quarter. As a lifetime citizen of New Orleans, Sandy has experienced many evacuations and has become adept at hurricane planning through the years. When the hurricane alert [for Katrina] was issued on Saturday, August 27, 2006, this veteran immediately put his family emergency plan into effect as his wife and two children prepared to leave the city. Sandy remained near the plant to keep a close eye on his 110-year-old company and keep production working at a minimal capacity. With his family out of the city, Sandy uncharacteristically decided to shut the bakery down, secure its exterior, gas lines and doors and encouraged his employees to prepare their own homes and loved ones for the storm and potential evacuation. Both Sandy and the Leidenheimer management team keep home phone numbers and emergency evacuation contact information for all employees. 23 LOOKING AHEAD Managing Risk in the Small Business S After most of his employees had left, only Sandy, his plant manager, and chief engineer, all of whom play key roles in the business’s preparedness plan, remained in New Orleans. Once Sandy and the others had completed their assigned duties in the emergency shutdown, they left as well. While driving to meet with his family in Baton Rouge, Sandy was struck by the unusualness of the event. “Things were very different this time around,” said Sandy. “But in the gridlock I still...
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...Global Warning Lisa Ramos SCI 207 Dependence of Man on the Environment Instructor: Troy Breathwaite January 14, 2013 Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are sometimes called Greenhouse gases, are increasing into our atmosphere causing climate changes. Scientists call this climate change – Global Warming. Sea levels are rising, glaciers are melting, and storms are raging fiercer than ever before such as Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and Hurricane Sandy in 2012. As the Earth spins each day, the new heat swirls with it, picking up moisture over the oceans, rising here, settling there. (http://www.nmsea.org) Is the climate caused by things that humans are doing or releasing into the air, or is it simply part of Mother Nature and just a hoax? Regardless, even if we disagree about the causes, global warming effects are real, or are they? The earth’s temperature depends on the balance between energy entering and leaving the planet’s system. (Retrieved from http://epa.gov) The earth gets warm when the sun’s energy is absorbed but when the suns energy is bounced back into space then the earth is cool. The balance of the earth’s energy can be changed by the greenhouse effect, variations in the sun’s energy and the changes of the reflection of the sun’s energy to the earth. The greenhouse effect is the process of the sun’s energy penetrating the planet warming the land and water and because the emission of CO2 and other gases, the energy is not released...
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...1. Cast Iron Plant (Aspidistra elatior) Earned its name by growing under the worst of conditions, even outdoors in deep shade. Prefers low lights. Grows in a clump. Leaves are sword-like, pointed, about 4" wide & 2' long. Occasionally flowers indoors. A variegated version is available with white stripes. (USDA Zones 7 - 9) 2. Christmas Cactus (Zygocactus or Schlumbergera) A trailing member of the cactus family that produces deep pink / red flowers in early winter. Seems to do its best when ignored. Can handle low light, but you’ll get more flowers in bright light. Pruning after blooming with keep the plant bushy. You can force your Christmas cactus to bloom in December by keeping it in complete darkness for 12 hours a night, beginning in about mid-October, until buds appear. An even easier method is to subject it to cool temperatures (50 - 55 degrees F.) starting in November. Just leave it on a windowsill at home while the heat is off, because you’re at work. (USDA Zones 9 - 11) 3. Dragon tree (Dracaena marginata) & Lucky Bamboo (Dracaena sanderian) Dracaena have long been the centerpiece of container plantings. Street plantings in towns across America feature 1 spiky dracaena stuck in the center of red blooming geraniums in a half whisky barrel. But there is actually a good amount of variety in dracaena and most make excellent, easy care houseplants. In particular, Dragon Tree (Dracaena marginata) which resembles a small palm tree and can reach heights of 10...
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...------------------------------------------------- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Sonya Gibau 4/24/16 PS-208 Sonya Gibau 4/24/16 PS-208 Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health disorder that occurs after exposure to severe helplessness or a fear inducing threat. The victim will continue to experience the trauma, will avoid any stimuli associated with it, and develops a numbing responsiveness and an increased vigilance and arousal (Barlow & Durand, 2015). Some recent events that could cause Americans to suffer from this disorder are the wars, the attack on the twin towers, and Hurricane Sandy. Individuals can also suffer from this disorder after being in a car accident, dealing with sexual assault, or the sudden loss of a loved one. The individual will have very real visions, memories, and dreams of the traumatic experience they have faced. When this occurs, the victim has a strong emotion, and is actually having what is considered to be a flashback of the event. Research suggest that 25-30% of individuals that are exposed to traumatic events will suffer from PTSD (Fry, 2016). Posttraumatic stress disorder goes as far back as 1666. This is when the British diarist Samuel Pepys had begun to suffer from PTSD. After witnessing the Great Fire of London, he began to lose sleep and awaken with terrible dreams of fire from the events that occurred on the night of the fire. He also had feelings of guilt, a sense of detachment, and a numbness of emotions...
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...America is an empathy-driven society. American politicians, pastors and psychologists consistently preach the importance of empathy in creating a fair society for everyone. In “ The Baby in The Well,” an essay for the May 20, 2013 issue of The New Yorker, Canadian American Psychologist Paul Bloom makes a shocking case against empathy. He begins making his case by defining empathy, and admitting its conventional wisdom. Bloom then presents numerous situations in which empathy can mislead or has misled us. Finally, he wraps up his argument by asserting that while empathy will drive us to empathize only with someone we identify with, reasoning will ensure that we make the right decisions for the better of society and the world. Bloom achieves...
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...Book Review: This Changes Everything, by Naomi Klein, published: Sept. 2014 Summarize the book. What is being discussed? Rob Nixon of the New York Times called Naomi Klein’s “This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate” “a book of such ambition and consequence that it is almost unreviewable.[1]” Naomi Klein researches the impact of Climate change and its relationship with free market capitalism. She discusses capitalism as failed economic system. She goes into great depth on the subject of resource extraction, pollution and the events of surrounding the affected communities in these regions across the world. However, rather than concluding that things are hopeless Naomi Klein argues that: We can build something better and reclaim our economic system. She argues that the market cannot save us. We have the tools/technology to get off of fossil fuels, but it requires leaving free market capitalism behind. We need to rebuild local economies, reign in corporate power and reclaim democracy. She argues that we aren’t all the all powerful saviours of the planet, but that as visitors on the earth we have to save ourselves from an earth that is rocking, burning and driving humanity into extinction because of our actions. Describe the three most important arguments or claims made in the book. The first argument Naomi Klein makes is that world leaders and climate scientists agree if we are going to avoid truly catastrophic consequences of climate change; we need to...
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