... Hybridization • Hybridization: mating between different species or two genetically distinct populations that produces offspring, regardless of fertility of offspring Golden- and Blue-Winged Warblers Golden wingedwarbler Blue wingedwarbler Hybrid (Brewster’s Warbler) Golden- and Blue-Winged Warblers Introgression • Introgression: the incorporation of genes from one population or species to another through hybridization that results in fertile offspring that further hybridize with parental populations or species (“backcross” ) • Over several generations, introgression can result in a complex mixture of parental genes, while in simple hybridization 50% of genes will come from each of the two parental species. • Without introgression, the parental species or populations are not “contaminated” by hybridization Levels of Hybridization Population or Species A Population or Species B F1 Hybrid Backcross (1st generation) Introgression F2 Hybrid (2nd generation) Backcross Hybrid Zones • Hybrid zones are often observed in nature… Species A Species B Hybrid Zone • How are hybrid zones maintained? – Hybrids may be less fit than parental taxa and selected against, but dispersal into the zone maintains a narrow band of F1’s – Hybrids may be more fit than parental taxa in habitats that are intermediate to parental taxas’ native habitat Hybridization and Conservation • Human-caused habitat changes have resulted in distribution changes and expansions for many species • Species...
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...The essay “I Killed Britney Spears” was written by the London based journalist Jean Hanna Edelstein, in 2008. Edelstein was born in New York, 1981 to an American father, and Scottish mother. She later moved (1999) to London, where she studied economics and political science. She has also lived in Montreal, Berlin. She has an online-based blog, where she uploads a few essays and inputs – inputs that are all backed up by her academic background. Despite the online essays, her first official published book was in 2009. “I Killed Britney Spears” is a (non-fiction) personal essay, with a first person narrator which makes the essay identifiable. Edelstein clearly wrote this essay to highlight a few consequences and flaws in the relationship between fan and idol. Most of these flaws are shown in the age 13-18. These years are filled with the confusion that follows the transition from child to adult. Edelstein might have thought about this particular transition and thereby, intending the text to be read by these confused adolescents. The text “I Killed Britney Spears” was written in 2008, a year of great turmoil for the star Britney Spears. She was fighting over the custody of her children, she had been in rehab and just cut off her hair. All these events generated a lot of public attention. Mostly negative attention. Many of the “Spears” fans (including Edelstein herself) who identified themselves with her, were emotionally hit by Britney’s instability. The intention of Edelstein...
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...Turning it on In order for this to work, you need to eliminate all distractions a write completely stream-of-conciousness. If you don’t go right from your head to the paper, you’ll have to go back and read through old parts of the paper in order to get back into the zone. Checking your email three times is going to cost you much more than a few minutes. Close everything but the word processor and go somewhere quiet, bare and lonely. The content Jojjo felz nadvidad ajksdfa kasjfksdjfs j jfjhf hf jd hdh dfjh d You can’t ask for an extension We’ll assume that you can’t ask for an extension, which is usually the case — but one thing you can certainly do is check the syllabus for other loopholes. Some professors deduct a specific point count per day of lateness. That will definitely be worth considering. But don’t spend too much time deliberating. You can decide to turn it in late while you’re walking to class with your bullshit-backup in hand. Turning it on In order for this to work, you need to eliminate all distractions a write completely stream-of-conciousness. If you don’t go right from your head to the paper, you’ll have to go back and read through old parts of the paper in order to get back into the zone. Checking your email three times is going to cost you much more than a few minutes. Close everything but the word processor and go somewhere quiet, bare and lonely. The...
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...Antidepressants: It can either heal or harm you If you are considering antidepressants, think again. Antidepressants are designed to relieve one’s self from depression on the contrary, it still harmfully affect humans. Studies show that antidepressant users are more likely in peril than those of non-users. Researchers found that it affects all the systems in the body. Antidepressants are not efficient medicine though it may lessen depression to increase the level of happiness. Common antidepressant users blame their anxiety as the root of their medicine dependency. Depression is a dreadful nightmare anyone would ever want to escape. And this is why people use different medicine to overcome this horror. Often, personal problems cause their depression. While not all reasons may be their misery’s fault, certain and various causes may also take place. Famous popstar Britney Spears claimed that she was being prescribed antidepressants at the age of 18. She would take the medicine everytime she feels restless and tired, but then the continuous intake made her mental state even worse. There are times she would wake up feeling depressed. As this horror frightened her, she decided not to take it again. Certain cases lead to different diseases. Even worse, it can lead to death. There are a lot of things you can do to replace this approach. One way is by simply listening to music. Using antidepressants can surely eliminate your burden, but will it last longer than you think? These...
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...genders, to direct their parents to drop them at the respective room while they join the service at church. The program will have to select the volunteer teachers and securities as need per room, so there is enough care, and that the kids have time for kids activities. As the renovations continue the administrator wants to create a series of activities for kids walking trough different zones, but there will be 4 zones, zone 1 for kids worship where all the groups will meet, zone 2 for teaching of the word of God and questions, zone 3 play activity, zone 4 snacks and return to their rooms, but there will be many groups, so time is limited for each zone so every group can enjoy them. So the local church want to create groups of girls from 1 year to 3 years in room G1, girls from 4 years to 6 years in room G2, and girls 7 years to 10 years in room G3, and the same will be for boys, same group ages but the rooms will be B1, B2, B3. The program should give the administrator a set time for each activity keeping boys and girls separated from each other after zone 1, plus time for each group to enjoy zone 2, 3 and 4 while their parents are in the service, which lats...
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...To the honorable judge, In 2/11/2013, 7:49pm, my friend drove me to the Rosemead Bank of America to let me withdraw some money from the ATM to pay my rent, we were in a very urgent situation because I had to pay the money before 8pm otherwise the landlord will kick me out. It was dark that night and the sign was not very clear. just wanted me to get the money ASAP so he parked very close to the ATM, which we did not notice was a handicapped parking zone at all. It took me less than a minute to withdraw the money because it was night and no one was using the ATM. I saw an officer giving him a ticket for the parking violation when I finish withdrawing the money, and half of the car’s body was out of the zone when the officer was giving the ticket, because saw me finish withdrawing and was about to leave with me before the officer came. and I really did not mean to violate the law, we should not park in the handicapped zone even for a second. However, it's the first time ever for him to do that, and he had always followed the law. I actually should pay this penalty if it really occurs, because all of his behaviors were for helping me. Words failed me to express how guilty I feel for, and I just beg you forgive him this only one time. Please give him a chance. Thank you so much for your time to read this statement....
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...4 Advanced Automobile Concepts Case Objective This case item requires students to identify the proper associative analysis, run it with SPSS, and interpret the findings with respect to implications for integrated case, Advanced Automobile Concepts SPSS dataset. Answers to Case Questions 1. Use each unique hybrid model demographic profile to determine whether or not statistically significant associations exist, and if they do, recommend the specific media vehicles for radio, newspaper, television, and magazines. This exercise requires students to revisit the demographic groups they found significantly different for each hybrid model style in Case 17.3. With Case 17.3, they have identified groups within the various demographic variables that characterize each hybrid model’s target market. Here, they must determine the media preferences of those groups. So, they must run crosstabs for the demographic variables and the media preferences for each vehicle. If they find a statistically significant association, they then must look at the percentages tables to determine the media vehicles that are preferred by the hybrid model target groups. Since each hybrid model has a different set of target demographic groups, we only report the significant crosstabulations. Also, the SPSS output is too large to include here, so we have created column percentage tables and used bold font to identify the preferences of each group. For radio, the significant (95% level of confidence)...
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...Organism Physiology Paper Tigers are the biggest of cats and arguably the deadliest of land predators. Solitary animals, an existence of unmatched superiority is shown in their every stride. Living in forested areas, they have adapted to hunt large animals by virtue of their size, power, and stealth among many other attributes. Hunting from birth Like all other cats, tigers show hunting behaviors early on in playing and interacting with their environment. Even the simple action of a kitten batting at a string displays the natural hunting skills of all cats. All cats also practice stealth in sneaking up on potential targets and pouncing from short distances. The difference with tigers is their incredible size and power even early on in development. Size Evolutionarily speaking, a bigger cat will be more successful in taking down a large animal like a buffalo then will a smaller cat. Natural selection has produced a very powerful animal that can reach a weight of 660 lbs. and a length of 10.9 feet (Sea World, 2012). Tigers can run up to 35 miles per hour, leap up to 20 feet horizontally, and up to 6 feet vertically (Tiger Territory, 2001, Gigantic Leaps). Coupled with sharp teeth and claws, there is no disputing the killing potential in this deadly creature. But often overlooked are the other tools at the Tigers disposal. Senses In the category of senses, a tiger does not differ much from an ordinary house cat. Heightened hearing, smell, and a visual advantage are all traits...
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...through critical management tasks. These performance measures include productivity, capacity, quality, speed of delivery, flexibility, and process velocity. Process analysis can be defined by several important characteristics of processes. Most processes use process flowcharting to represent major elements of a process that include tasks or operations, flows of materials or customers, decision points, and storage areas. Process flowcharting is the ideal methodology to begin analyzing a process. There are many types of process that a manager can use in order to gauge their organization’s performance. The hybrid process is the most common encountered today which consist of multiple stages to produce required goods and services. Within this multistage process many different types of processes can exist at each stage which is why this is a hybrid process. Process analysis can be multiple-stage processes organizations use to measure performance. Multistage processes buffers or storage areas exist between manufacturing activities. Other types of processes are The Make-to-Stock versus Make-to-Order process and the Modularization process. The Make-to-Stock versus Make-to-Order process is only activated in response to an actual order or to meet an expected or forecast demand. These...
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...Indian J. Genet., 69(4) (Spl. issue): 352-360 (2009) Analysis of diversity among cytoplasmic male sterile sources and their utilization in developing F1 hybrids in Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (R.) Br] C. Tara Satyavathi*, Sakkira Begum, B. B. Singh, K. V. Unnikrishnan and C. Bharadwaj Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012 Abstract The present study aims at analysis of diversity among parental lines of different cytoplasmic sources and their utilization in developing F1 hybrids. Seven male sterile cytoplasmic lines belonging to A1 – 3; A4 – 2 and A5 – 2 were crossed with three elite restorers. The cluster analysis done with molecular data obtained from genomic DNA using SSR markers grouped the parental lines belonging to A1 cytoplasm into one cluster, A4 into one and A5 into the other. The assessment of the performance of the F1 hybrids was done through standard heterosis, heterobeltiosis and economic heterosis. The study clearly indicated that all the seven cytoplasmic male sterile lines coming from different cytoplasmic sources are capable of producing new superior hybrids. Physiological characters like chlorophyll, relative carotenoids and root length density have also been studied to assess the performance of parents and F1 hybrids. Higher economic heterosis was observed for yield in A 1 cytoplasm compared to A4 and A5 cytoplasms. Desirable effects of earliness and maturity can be obtained using A4 cytoplasm while desirable...
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...several years due to its long-legged grace and unique coat of African Serval. Preview: Today, I would like to tell you a little bit more about Savannah cats. First, I will give you a brief history on how and when Savannah breed was introduced. Then I will tell you about the key characteristics of Savannah cat, and, lastly, I will give you some details on where and for how much you can buy a Savannah cat. Main Points: Transition 1: So now I will start with the brief history of Savannah cats. According to Steve Clark, the author of “The owners guide to proper care and training of Savannah Cats”, Judy Frank is recognized as the individual who introduced the first Savannah kittens to the world. * April 7, 1986 – The first litter of hybrid kittens born. * Patrick Kelly bought one of the kittens in 1989. * Partnership with Joyce Sroufe to get TICA recognition * Joyce Sroufe – first person to show a Savannah to the public. New York cat show, 1997 * Acceptance for registration with TICA in 2001. * Championship status – January 29,2012 Transition 2: So next I will talk about the key characteristic of Savannah cats. * 5 main generations – refers to how close the Savannah is to its Serval ancestor * F1,F2,F3 - high Serval percent, should not be considered as pets...
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...in the professions of your interest. Assignment: To interview for information two different people working in careers you like. Next, write a hybrid-essay and thank you letter for each interview. Directions for preparing, interviewing and writing your hybrid essay and thank you letter are listed in A - F. Read pages 75-77 in Magical Quest for an overview about informational interviews. The due dates for each interview are listed in your Course Assignments document. NOTE: Interviews with immediate family members, bosses at work, or other non-serious options will not be accepted. The career of the person you select should be a strong possibility and with an income of at least 40K per year. Also the interview needs to be completed in person (not through the internet). A. Complete these steps for your assignment: 1. Interview someone in a career you might like. Choose a career you are really interested in, not someone who will just be easy to find and that you’re not so interested in. You will complete a total of two interviews with two different people. 2. Conduct the interview at the place of employment. 3. For each interview prepare a hybrid essay and thank you letter using the directions listed for the hybrid essay under C. 4. Send your thank you letter to your interviewee (for each interview). 5. Submit your hybrid essay and thank you letter in a Word document by each due date. B. Ask these questions when conducting your interview: 1. What are your job...
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...Impacts on the environment | Impacts on the people | Between 4 - 5 million cubic metres of lava was unloaded in the form of pyroclastic flows. This means that thousands of houses were buried all over the island by ash and rocks. Because the houses are buried people are outside with no shelter meaning they have to rebuild the houses, however there are no services so people have no jobs so are making no money. This meansthey are unable to build many homes to shelter people. | When the volcano shows signs of eruption people are required to leave to area for safety reasons. This means that anyone living near the are not guaranteed a stable life or stable farming. Because ofthis they were reluctant to farm meaning that thepeople of Montserrat had less food meaning theprices grew a large amount and in future possiblyhave to import food costing even more. | 10 villages(including Windy Hill, Brambles, Bethel,and Harris) were damaged or destroyed by deposits from the eruption e.g. pyroclastic flows,fine grained surge deposits, blocks and ash flowdeposits. This means that all vegetation has died leaving no food so people have to import food. | The helicopter could only reach places on the east side of the island where the wind was strong. To the west side where there was lots of ash in the air. The Montserrat Defence Force and the Montserrat Police Force went in vehicles to try and find any survivorsbut it took two or three days for all the survivors to be rescued from the area. This...
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...Trident University International Marvell R. Dean MHES 509 Module 1 1. How is a response to destruction from a terrorist incident different from a response to a natural disaster? Be specific, give examples, and quote from the readings. 2. You are a volunteer for the American Red Cross. You are to enter a scene of destruction in order to assist wounded victims. What are some precautions that you must take? What are some restrictions placed on you? From whom do you receive clearance? 3. First responders should isolate hazards by establishing control zones. There are three types of control zones. List them and give examples. Cite your sources. Difference Between Response to Destruction By Terrorist and Natural Disaster Previous to the National Response network there were various differences on how and when agencies responded to incidents by terrorist groups or natural disasters. Prior to the 11 September 2001 attack on the Pentagon, the plane crash in Pennsylvania, the World Trade Center, and the 2005 Hurricanes Rita and Katrina the Federal Response Plan existed which primarily focused on the Federal roles and responsibilities during an emergency or disaster incident. By using the lessons learned and the response to the hurricane season in 2005 the National Response Plan was replaced by the Federal Response Plan. The United States has dealt with a number of unprecedented disasters and emergencies from small...
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...John Doe English 112P 4 November 2009 Historical Perspective on The Hot Zone The Hot Zone by Richard Preston is a nonfiction book with aspects of a novel. Sometimes called a bio-thriller, it is about the Ebola virus in America. It was written to address a time of fear about viruses in the United States in a time of increased international interaction. Although its impact is negligible, it reflects the nervous attitude of the time. Richard Preston writes narrative nonfiction. Narrative nonfiction is a hybrid style of writing that utilizes the framework of nonfiction with aspects of a novel, dialogue, for instance. Preston favors this style and wrote his dissertation on it during his graduate studies in Princeton. Previously, Preston wrote non-fiction on science such as Astronomy and on History; later his focus shifts to the science of Microbiology. In 1992 Richard Preston wrote an article in The New Yorker, entitled “Crisis in the Hot Zone.” Two years later, this article became the foundation for his non-fiction book, The Hot Zone, which documents the appearance of Ebola in the United States during the late eighties. At the time The Hot Zone was conceived, free trade policies during President George H. W. Bush’s administration were still making an impact worldwide. Bush set forth global objectives, renewing an interest in globalization under the belief that a global market will alleviate America’s growing deficit. Furthermore, he spearheaded the construction of North...
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