...transparent material (glass or plastic) l that admits natural light for plant growth and is typically heated by solar energy. [Colorado ppt] The US greenhouse industry has been steadily growing over the past decade but still in its early stages. Because of the need for more intensive production due to limited land, water and labor, has pushed sales over $3 billion and is estimated to reach over $4 billion by 2020. This is according to Rabobank's Food & Agribusiness Research and Advisory (FAR) group. Modern technologies reduce negative effects on the environment, to considerably improve the energetic efficiency and increase the production per unit area.” (1) improve greenhouse structures and coverings for better light transmissivity; (2) hydroponic cropping with recycling of greenhouse effluents for optimal growth; (3) the use of highperformance culture media that fulfill the root needs of the plant; (4) the enrichment of greenhouses with carbon dioxide to increase yields; (5) the use of photosynthetic lighting in winter to secure year-round production; (6) the computational management of climate (temperature, light, moisture, Co2), and of irrigation and fertilization control; (7) the use of rootstocks resistant to pathogens and more efficient in using water; (8) the biological control of insect pests and diseases; (9) genetic improvement and genetic engineering for the development of new varieties; (10) the mechanization of operations to optimize labor; and (11) the conservation...
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...Fish farming Fish farming or pisciculture is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture. Fish farming involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food. A facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery. Worldwide, the most important fish species used in fish farming are carp, salmon, tilapia and catfish.[1][2] There is an increasing demand for fish and fish protein, which has resulted in widespread overfishing in wild fisheries, China holding 62 percent of the world's fish farming practice.[3] Fish farming offers fish marketers another source. However, farming carnivorous fish, such as salmon, does not always reduce pressure on wild fisheries, since carnivorous farmed fish are usually fed fishmeal and fish oil extracted from wild forage fish. The global returns for fish farming recorded by the FAO in 2008 totalled 33.8 million tonnes worth about $US 60 billion.[4] In 2005, aquaculture represented 40% of the 157.5 million tons of seafood that was produced, meaning that it has become a critical part of our world's food source even though the industry is still technically in its 'infancy' and didn't really become well known until the 1970s. Because of this rise in aquaculture, there has been a rise in the per capita availability of seafood globally within the last few decades.[5] Major categories of...
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...Current trends in Management of Agribusiness in the 21st century with respect to technology and their effects on Globalization By Christine Owondo e-mail - ch_owondo@yahoo.com Box 50685 – 00100 Nairobi -Kenya Date - 17th May, 2012 Q1. Discuss the current trends in management of Agribusiness in the 21st century with respect to technology and its effects on Globalization. The 21st century has widely been referred to as the “technology era”, largely due to changing trends in technology. New developments in agribusiness have emerged which have entirely transformed, not only the agricultural sector but the entire business environment. These include areas such as management and leadership, technology, changes in the environmental factors – ecological factors and the like. Traditionally management was viewed as an insignificant part of the organizational structure. Decision makers in the 21st century are more aware of the need to utilize resources more efficiently, both Human and non-human. In both cases there has been an improvement from the old to current. In management Managers had adopted a dictatorial rather autoritarian kind of leadership to achieve goals, mainly preferring a top down approach to work, resulting in high staff turnover and employee dissatisfaction. Decision making was less participatory. In the 21st century, the tall structure has been flattened so that bureaucracy is reduced. There is a more participatory approach to...
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...named No. 2 Best Workplace in Canada and is featured in Canadian Business Magazine. About us 1-800-GOT-JUNK? is pioneering an industry that is helping residents and businesses remove junk and regain space. Whether it’s a pile of household junk in the garage or a warehouse full of office furnishings, 1-800-GOT-JUNK? removes it for you, making the ordinary business of junk removal exceptional. We are passionate about recycling and donating to charity. 1-800-GOT-JUNK? was founded in 1989 and now operates in approximately 220 locations throughout North America and Australia. 2006 1-800-GOT-JUNK? adds bilingual Sales Center agents and begins operating 24/7. 300th Franchise sold and international location opens in the United Kingdom. 2005 The Junktion adds a 2nd floor of office space to it’s Granville Island head office. 1-800-GOT-JUNK? is ranked No. 1 in a Watson & Wyatt survey of Best Companies to Work for in BC. International locations open in Australia. Updated website and online booking system are launched and 100th Franchise is sold. 2004 The 1-800-GOT-JUNK? Story The inspiration to build a professional, customer-focused junk removal service came to 1-800-GOT-JUNK? Founder and CEO Brian Scudamore in 1989 while he waited in line at a McDonald’s drive-through. Seeing the potential of this seemingly simple idea, he bought a used pickup truck and started The Rubbish Boys. Over the next 10 years, the business blossomed in Vancouver, Canada. In 1999, the company’s name...
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...Executive Summary As the society advances and expands, businesses are faced with challenges of maintaining social responisibility through the enviroment while at the same time generate profits for their shareholders. Can a business achieve both goals without jeopordizing their economic value? In order to answer this we analyze three factors that directly affect green business strategies. Ethical consideration – Ethical consideration happens on four different levels: personal, economical, societal/enviromental, and technological. Throughly analyzing each level of consideration creates a much better understanding of different morals and values in our society. Ethical Theories – Can ethical theories be applied to help assist leaders to make more informed decisions towards developing eco-friendly principles? Based on the dentology theory and the four fundamental questions using Kantian ethics, we determined that establishing a eco-friendly principle could become a moral law. Ethical Decision-making process – Businesses that integreate a decision-making process revolving around eco-friendly core, will establish a interal company culture that will guide them to make the nessisary decisions to consistantly be enviromentally aware. Based on the findings in the report, we can conclude that it is possible for businesses to maintain a desirable level of profits and at the same time become a green business. Introduction Henry Ford once said, “Thank God men cannot fly, and...
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...Pinkus Date: [ 9/29/2010 ] Re: PAC-10 Overview of Water Crisis: Key Opportunities How to Use This Memo Template Global shortages of potable water have signaled an emerging crisis. The shortages impact developed and developing nations, though the evidence is harshest in the developing world. Despite available drinking water and seemingly abundant domestic water supplies, the United States faces increasing and accelerating shortages. However, in this era of crises (global warming, the energy crisis, the financial crisis), a crisis means business opportunity. 1,4 The average resident of the United States uses 616 gallons per day. Comparatively, this ranks United States second to Canada for per capita consumption. However, the United States population is approximately 10 times that of Canada and therefore total domestic consumption exceeds Canadian several times over, ranking first globally. The scale of water demands strains the hydrologic cycle, which governs the replenishment of fresh water, thereby jeopardizing long-term water resources. 3 Meeting the United States’ water demands traditionally required engineering solutions to a consistent question: Where can we get more water? However, continued strain on resources reveals the need for more than the quick fixes engineers have always turned to. 1 Water-conservation solutions now offer a cost-effective alternative to acquiring new sources, while providing co-benefits to the environment, economy, and health. 4 Assessing...
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......................... 5 Measurement and Conversions ............................................................... 8 Winds in UAE ....................................................................................................17 Greenhouse Introduction ..........................................................................22 Vegetables A to Z ...........................................................................................23 Nursery management in vegetable crops By: Rajinder Kumar Dhall and J.S. Hundal.......................................................................................................25 Raised Bed Gardening .................................................................................26 Hydroponic production ...............................................................................29 Shade Tolerant Vegetables (and Fruits)............................................39 A veggie for all seasons..............................................................................40 Cool Season Vegetables .............................................................................40 Hot Season Vegetables ...............................................................................40 Growing Artichokes ......................................................................................41 Growing Arugula ............................................................................................44...
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...FF FF F or Peor Pe or Peor Pe or Pe ople, Naople, Na ople, Naople, Na ople, Na tt tt t ure, and ure, and ure, and ure, and ure, and tt tt t he Ehe E he Ehe E he E cc cc c oo oo o nn nn n oo oo o mm mm m yy yy y 1. AGRICULTURE TAKES A BIG BITE: THE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT OF THE GLOBAL FOOD SYSTEM After air and water, food is the most essential resource people require to sustain themselves. These resources are provided by the layer of interconnected life that covers our planet: the biosphere. Yet the way the food system provides food often severely damages the health of the biosphere through soil and aquifer depletion, deforestation, aggressive use of agrochemicals, fishery collapses, and the loss of biodiversity in crops, livestock, and wild species. The global food system has become such a dominant force shaping the surface of this planet and its ecosystems that we can no longer achieve sustainability without revamping the food system. At the same time sustainable food systems provide great hope for building a sustainable future—a future in which all can lead satisfying lives within the means of the biosphere. In this brief, we use Ecological Footprint analysis to document the current food system’s demand on the biosphere. Ecological Footprint accounts track the area of biologically productive land and water needed to produce the resources consumed by a given population and to absorb its waste. The Ecological Footprint...
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...many users commit crimes, such as robbery, dealing, prostitution, and running numbers to earn money to support their habits. If marijuana was less expensive and easier to obtain, which would be the case if it were legalized, the crimes committed under these circumstances would dramatically decline. The third drug-crime link is drug trafficking. Without prohibition laws, those people trying to make a living by selling and distribution would not be thrown in jail. Support for legalizing marijuana is at its highest level in 30 years (USA Today/CNN/Gallup Poll). Since 1996, voters in eight states have passed initiatives supporting marijuana for medical purposes at least. Polls show more than 70% of voters support medical marijuana. Polls in Canada and England show half the population now supports legalization. The USA Today/CNN/Gallup Poll found support for legalization “highest among 18 to 49 year olds, people in the West, and independent voters. Opposition was greatest among the elderly, those who...
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...QUALITY OF TOMATO FERTI LIZED WITH NITROGEN AND PHOSPHOROUS Abstract The influence of different levels of nitrogen (N1, N2), phosphorous (P1, P2) and N+P (N1P1, N1P2, N2P1, N2P2) mixed fertilizers was investigated on volatile substances, soluble sugars, organic acids, titratable acidity, dry matter and lycopene of “Corbarino” cherry-like tomatoes. The flavor volatiles reached the highest concentrations in red-ripe cherry-like tomatoes treated with N1. Glucose, fructose, dry matter and titratable acidity increased only in N+P fertilized samples. Among the organic acids, citric increased, malic decreased and oxalic was constant in all the fertilized samples. Lycopene reached the highest values in N2 and N2P2 samples. INTRODUCTION Tomato, a key vegetable in the Italian Mediterranean diet, has recently gaining been attention in relation to the prevention of some human diseases. This interest is due to the presence of carotenoids and particularly lycopene, which is an unsaturated alkylic compound that appears to be an active compound in the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular risk and in slowing down cellular aging, owing to its high antioxidant and antiradical power (GERSTER 1997; GIOVANNUCCI et al. 1995). Lycopene is found in fresh, redripe tomatoes as all-trans (79-91%) and cis- (9-21%) isomers (STAHH and SIES, 1992; SHI et al. 1999; BOILEAU et al. 2002). Lycopene and vitamins give a measure of the nutraceutical quality, while flavour volatiles, soluble sugars,...
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...PANDUAN PROGRAM KOKURIKULUM Pusat Kokurikulum dan Pemajuan Pelajar Menjana Minda Cemerlang, Melangkah Gagah Gemilang Pusat Kokurikulum dan Pemajuan Pelajar Universiti Malaysia Sabah Tel : 088-320079 Faks : 088-320885 pkpp@ums.edu.my Cetakan Pertama 2009 © Universiti Malaysia Sabah Hak Cipta terpelihara. Tidak dibenarkan mencetak ulang mana-mana bahagian dalam buku ini dalam apa jua bentuk atau cara sama ada secara elektronik atau mekanik tanpa permohonan bertulis kepada Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Beg Berkunci 2073, 88999, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Diterbitkan di Malaysia oleh Penerbit Universiti Malaysia Sabah Beg Berkunci 2073, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah Dicetak di Malaysia oleh Semua pertanyaan hendaklah diajukan kepada : Pengarah Pusat Kokurikulum dan Pemajuan Pelajar Universiti Malaysia Sabah Tel : 088-320079 Faks : 088-320885 Kandungan Kata Pengantar Timbalan Naib Canselor (HEPA) Prakata Pengarah PKPP Pendahuluan - Pusat Kokurikulum dan Pemajuan Pelajar 1 - Objektif - Matlamat - Struktur Organisasi - Fungsi Unit Panduan Pendaftaran 6 - Proses pendaftaran - Pra-Syarat pengambilan kursus - Jam kredit kursus Pengajaran Kursus 8 - Dasar pengajaran kursus - Rujukan Ilmiah - Perlaksanaan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Penilaian 10 - Kaedah...
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...Burning Down the House: Mortgage Fraud and the Destruction of Residential Neighborhoods Ann Fulmer March 2010 Burning Down the House: Mortgage Fraud and the Destruction of Residential Neighborhoods Mortgage fraud is bank robbery without a gun. 1 It is a high-yield, 2 low risk enterprise that has been reported in all 50 states, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, 3 Canada, 4 New Zealand, 5 Australia, 6 and England. 7 In the United States, it is committed by organized international and domestic rings, 8 street gangs, 9 terrorists, 10 drug traffickers, 11 real estate agents, 12 closing attorneys, 13 appraisers, 14 mortgage brokers, 15 The targeted victims distinguish mortgage fraud from predatory lending. In predatory lending cases the borrower is victimized by the illegal practices of the lender or its agents with respect to fees and disclosures relating to the cost of the loan. It is unfortunate that the media, consumer activists, legislators and law enforcement personnel frequently conflate mortgage fraud with predatory lending since it adds unnecessary confusion to an already complex issue and diverts attention and badly needed resources from the fight against true mortgage fraud. 2 The average “take” on a bank robbery is approximately $3,000.00. By contrast, the average straw borrower receives a “cut” of at least $10,000 and the orchestrator’s “take” in a mortgage fraud transaction frequently exceeds $100,000. In a few cases the orchestrator’s take was in excess of $1...
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...UNIT I DEFORESTATION CHAPTER 1 What is deforestation? Deforestation is the removal or damage of vegetation in a forest to the extent that it no longer supports its natural flora and fauna. In other words, deforestation can be defined as the transformation of forest land to non-forest uses where forest land includes lands under agro-forestry and shifting cultivation, and not simply closed canopy primary forests (FAO/UNEP, 1982). However, this definition does not include “logging”. More inclusive was Myers’s 1980 definition, where deforestation refers, “generally to the complete destruction of forest cover through clearing for agriculture … [so] … that not a tree remains, and the land is given over to non-forest purposes … [and where] very heavy and unduly negligent logging … [result in a] … decline of biomass and depletion of ecosystem services … . So severe that the residual forest can no longer qualify as forest in any practical sense of the world.” Alan Graigner (1980, AS quoted in Saxena and Nautiyal, 1997) asserts that selective logging does not “lead to forest clearance and does not constitute deforestation”, whereas Norman Myers (1980, 1993) thinks that logging is crucial because, although it may only affect a small proportion of trees per hectare, it damages wide areas and is the precursor of penetration by the forest farmers. For the purpose of this study, the FAO’s latest definitions (1993) will be used. The FAO defines forests as “ecosystems with a minimum...
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...Population and Environment Theodore Panayotou CID Working Paper No. 54 July 2000 Environment and Development Paper No.2 Copyright 2000 Theodore Panayotou and the President and Fellows of Harvard College Working Papers Center for International Development at Harvard University Population and Environment Theodore Panayotou Abstract The past fifty years have witnessed two simultaneous and accelerating trends: an explosive growth in population and a steep increase in resource depletion and environmental degradation. These trends have fueled the debate on the link between population and environment that began 150 years earlier, when Malthus voiced his concern about the ability of the earth and its finite resources to feed an exponentially growing population. The purpose of this study is to review the literature on population and environment and to identify the main strands of thought and the assumptions that lie behind them. The author begins with a review of the historical perspective. He then reviews and assesses the evidence on the relationship between population and environment, focusing on selected natural and environmental resources: land use, water use, local pollution, deforestation and climate change. The author also reviews selected recent macro and micro perspectives. The new macro perspective introduces the environment-income relationship and examines the role of population growth and density in mediating this relationship. The new micro perspective introduces the...
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...Population and Environment Theodore Panayotou CID Working Paper No. 54 July 2000 Environment and Development Paper No.2 Copyright 2000 Theodore Panayotou and the President and Fellows of Harvard College Working Papers Center for International Development at Harvard University Population and Environment Theodore Panayotou Abstract The past fifty years have witnessed two simultaneous and accelerating trends: an explosive growth in population and a steep increase in resource depletion and environmental degradation. These trends have fueled the debate on the link between population and environment that began 150 years earlier, when Malthus voiced his concern about the ability of the earth and its finite resources to feed an exponentially growing population. The purpose of this study is to review the literature on population and environment and to identify the main strands of thought and the assumptions that lie behind them. The author begins with a review of the historical perspective. He then reviews and assesses the evidence on the relationship between population and environment, focusing on selected natural and environmental resources: land use, water use, local pollution, deforestation and climate change. The author also reviews selected recent macro and micro perspectives. The new macro perspective introduces the environment-income relationship and examines the role of population growth and density in mediating this relationship. The new micro perspective introduces...
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