...Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism happens due to a lack of production of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism may be primary or central, primary being the more common one. The most common cause of primary hypothyroidism is autoimmune thyroiditis which is characterized by inflammation and destruction of thyroid tissue. This happens due to infiltration of autoreactive T lymphocytes and circulating thyroid autoantibodies. Hypothyroidism is related to many genetic risk factors and is associated with many other autoimmune disorders such as hashimoto thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis, painless thyroiditis, and postpartum thyroiditis. One type of hypothyroidism is congenital hypothyroidism which is when an infant is born without thyroid...
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...Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid is an endocrine disorder triggered by the failure of the small butterfly-shaped thyroid gland, located next to the Adam’s apple, to produce the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) that are essential to the body’s function. Hypothyroidism has been designated the silent disease that affects metabolism, weight, body temperature, breathing, and heart rate. Hypothyroidism is one of the most common diseases believed to affect millions of people around the world that is unpreventable, but regulated by medication, therefore it is imperative to understand some of the causes of hypothyroidism, the symptoms and untreated complications behind the disease, medical diagnosis, and treatments...
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...Hypothyroidism is very common in the United States population with one in three hundred Americans having the disease. In addition, it is believed that there are 13 million Americans that are diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The chance of a person developing hypothyroidism increases with age and is more common in females. Also, this disease has very unpleasant symptoms that come with it. (Gaitonde et al., 2012). In Ancient Rome, when somebody had a goiter, which having hypothyroidism could result in, the Romans believed it was due to a certain kind of water they drank. In 1811, the discovery of Iodine was made and it was believed that it had some effect on goiters. Patients with goiters at this time in history were given a type Iodine drink to decrease the goiters size. However, there was improvement after administering the Iodine, but the physician did not understand the mechanism of this treatment. The first diagnosis of hypothyroidism was in 1850. (Lindholm & Laurberg, 2011). “Hypothyroidism is defined as failure in the thyroid gland to produce sufficient thyroid hormone to meet the metabolic demands of the body.” (Gaitonde et al., 2012). “Hypothyroidism may occur as a result of primary gland failure...
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...Hypothyroidism Do you feel tired all the time? Are you having trouble keeping weight off or gaining weight and don’t know why? If you experience any of these symptoms, you might have what's called hypothyroidism. It’s a condition many people have, but often gets bypassed at the doctor’s office. Hypothyroidism is also known as underactive thyroid. What this means is, the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone, or T4. This can affect the heart rate, body temperature, and everything involving the metabolism. So, what is the thyroid? The thyroid is a gland in the neck that produces hormones to regulate growth and development. It is very important for growth and development. Hypothyroidism causes many symptoms. These include changes in menstrual cycle, constipation, depression, dry hair, hair loss, and dry skin. One major symptom of hypothyroidism is unexplained weight gain and difficulty losing weight. Hypothyroidism...
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...The thyroid gland, which is located in your neck is responsible for producing hormones in your body, but when the thyroid gland overproduces hormones it's called hyperthyroidism. This can be hereditary or developed over time. For me, this was passed down to me by my father who suffers from hypothyroidism, which means the thyroid gland isn't producing enough hormones. I was 13 years old when I first diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. After talking to my doctor I found out that many of my behaviors, including tiredness, sweating and mood changes are because of my hyperthyroidism. Coming home from school one of the first thing I would always do is take a nap, no matter what I would always seem to be tried. As time passed these naps would result in me sleeping for 5 plus hours. I would typically be sleeping from 4 pm to 10 pm, my whole afternoons would be spent sleeping, then at night I would finish whatever homework I can and go back to sleep.Whatever homework, I didn't...
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...Valerie Van Beusekom Pharm D IV Paper Proposal I. Title: Subclinical hypothyroidism. The importance of screening, treating and management of patients with slightly elevated TSH levels when compared to reference ranges. II. Problem: Purpose of the Study: Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as an elevated serum TSH level with a normal serum free T4 concentration. Whereas hypothyroidism is an elevated serum TSH level along with a decreased serum T4 concentration. In subclinical hypothyroidism the TSH level is usually above 4.5 mIU/L but not greater than 10 mIU/L. Subclinical hypothyroidism is a common condition discovered by thyroid screening. According to the review of Helfand and Redfern, 5% to 10% of adult women have an elevated TSH level.5 Controversy persists about screening for subclinical hypothyroidism and the TSH level at which treatment should be initiated. A 1998 position paper from the American College of Physicians questioned whether there were sufficient data to recommend treatment of patients with subclinical hypothyroidism.6 A 2004 publication from the US Preventive Services Task Force found that the data were insufficient to recommend for or against screening in adults.7In 2002, a consensus development panel sponsored by the American Thyroid Association, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, and the Endocrine Society found insufficient evidence to support screening and recommended against treating patients with a TSH concentration between...
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...SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research Journal of Thyroid Research Volume 2011, Article ID 809341, 10 pages doi:10.4061/2011/809341 Review Article Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Substitution: Historical Aspects J. Lindholm and P. Laurberg Department of Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark Correspondence should be addressed to J. Lindholm, j.lindholm@ofir.dk Received 15 January 2011; Accepted 17 March 2011 Academic Editor: Marian Ludgate Copyright © 2011 J. Lindholm and P. Laurberg. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The last part of the 19th century was a period of great achievements in medicine and endocrinology. The thyroid gland evolved from being considered a rudimentary structure to an organ related to specific diseases. The singular importance of iodine became acknowledged. Graves-Basedow’s disease was described. Surgical treatment evolved with extraordinary speed. Theodor Kocher observed that the clinical picture in patients after total thyroidectomy was similar to the one seen in cretinism. In 1850, the first case of hypothyroidism or myxedema was described. Less than 50 years later, effective treatment was introduced. Another 50 years later, autoimmune thyroiditis was ascertained as the most frequent cause of hypothyroidism (in areas with no iodine deficiency). This paper gives a short...
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...Hashimoto’s Disease Also Known as Hypothyroidism Sara Bido Monroe College Abstract Your abstract should be one paragraph and should not exceed 120 words. It is a summary of the most important elements of your paper. All numbers in the abstract, except those beginning a sentence, should be typed as digits rather than words. To count the number of words in this paragraph, select the paragraph, and on the Tools menu click Word Count. What is the Hashimoto disease? It is a condition that attacks the thyroid immune system. The thyroid is a gland localized on the neck, and it is part of the endocrine system which is in charge of the production of hormones that make your body work properly (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2012). Hashimoto disease is common know as hypothyroidism a condition that decrease the level of thyroid hormone in your body. People may remain undiagnosed of thyroid problems for a long period of time, suffering from symptoms that can be confusing with other medical condition, like depression, overweight, weakness and low heart beats. A doctor can confirm this kind of problems after taking a blood test to be sending to analyzed to the level of thyroid stimulant hormones (TSH) and T4 Hormones. After a person is diagnoses with this disease your doctor will prescribe you with the right medication and the right dose to maintain the thyroid working at the normal level. It is very important to visit your doctor frequently, so he can have a control of the level hormones...
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...nursing research evidence into practice and policy is essential for the provision of quality care. Research utilization is defined as “the systematic process of transferring research knowledge into practice for the purpose of understanding, validating, enhancing, or changing practice” and has a potential to influence attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of healthcare providers and recipients, alike (Matthew-Maich, Ploeg, Jack, & Dobbins, 2010). Most practical nursing disciplines create mechanisms of research utilization that, according to MacGuire (2006), can “clearly explicate the essential nature, meanings and components of nursing so that nurse clinicians can use this knowledge in a deliberate and meaningful way.” There are some difficulties with the process of transforming research findings into practice. Nurses may not know about the research finding, or they may find the changes to be disruptive and resist implementing them. They may not have the appropriate training or funding, or simply may not have the autonomy to apply the knowledge into their practice independently (MacGuire, 2006). When successfully implemented, research findings encourage nurses to make thoughtful and informed choices, to avoid automatic reactions based on old assumptions and practices, and to afford them ability to understand and critique research evidence in relation to their practice. Sometimes, a new idea could be rightfully rejected, based on a thoughtful implementation of research findings...
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...Personal Training Paper Dana Cooper November 12, 2012 HPE/170 Debbie Polisky Personal Training Paper The purpose of this paper is to analyze my personal exercise habits. In doing so, I will discuss my exercise habits as they relate to volume, intensity, frequency (density). I will describe my exercise habits and explain how I would like to incorporate them into my personal training. I will also explain why locomotion movements, non-locomotion skills, and object manipulation skills should be taken into consideration when planning a physical development program as well as how I will personally include them into my own exercise habits for personal training and why. In addition, I will explain how each different energy system is affected by my exercise habits and which ones are more prevalent in my planning. I will also provide a list of units of exercise and the time required to enhance physical adaptation as well as a description of the impact of exercise as it relates either aerobic or anaerobic power. An explanation will also be provided of the relationship between the time I need and the time I need to allow my body to regenerate and rest as well as identifying potential issues in developing motor skills and motor learning from my exercise habits. Finally, I will present list changes or additions to my training program which is designed to enhance fitness. Dana’s Exercise Habits In the past couple years I have had to reevaluate the way I eat as well as...
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...that is considering having genetic screening? Week 2: Question 1= Choose an FDA-approved prescription medication and discuss the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the medication, including any differences that would be expected based on the patient's age, a condition of pregnancy, or lactation. Address any adverse effects the medication may have based on age, pregnancy, or lactation. Question 2= Active acquired immunity can be achieved through the use of childhood immunizations. Many parents voice concerns regarding the safety of vaccinations. What is your opinion on the current use of vaccinations? How would you educate parents regarding the safety and effectiveness of vaccinations? Defend your answers with evidence-based research. Week 3: Question 1= Share a case study of an electrolyte imbalance from your practice or from the...
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...CHE0315 DISADVANTAGES OF FIREWORKS ON HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT Name of Group Member 1. Nur Izzati binti Abdul Latif 153692 2. Nurhalida binti Abdul Rasid 154082 3. Aifa Syazwani bt Awang Damit 150415 4. Sarah Atiqah bt Abdul Rahim 155656 Group Number: 09 Name of Lecturer: Asiah binti Mohd Shafiee Course: Allied Health Science Semester: 1 PROJECT PLANNING OBJECTIVES. 1. To analyze the function of every substance in the fireworks. 2. To study the properties of substance that cause damage towards health and environment. 3. To find the solution on how to reduce the damage of fireworks. 4. To investigate the rate of damage that cause by fireworks to health and environment. DIVISION OF WORKS. Name Tasks | Nur Izzati bt Abdul Latif. | Nurhalida bt Abdul Rashid | Aifa Syazwani bt Awang Damit | Sarah Atiqah bt Abdul Rahim. | Objectives | | | * | | Division of work | * | | | | Timeline | | * | | | Introduction | * | | | | Discussion of Issues | * * History of fireworks. * Development of fireworks. | * * Properties of fireworks. | * * The type of fireworks. | * * How do fireworks work. | Analysis of Issues | | * * Disadvantages...
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...Vivian Dawkins, PhD, RN, NEA-BC February 11, 2015 Philosophy of Nursing Nursing philosophy is an examination of personal truths as they relate to clinical practice. They encompass values, principles, and assumptions held by an individual. Personal nursing philosophies are shaped by the nurse’s education, clinical experiences, cultural, and even spiritual beliefs. My personal nursing philosophy centers on patient empowerment. It is the belief that patients should be in control of their own care and that can only be achieved when patients internalize their need for self-change (McCarley, 2009). I belief in helping the patient be an advocate for themselves. Nurses should be providing a holistic approach while providing care. In this paper we will explore my assumptions and the concepts that not only define my philosophy, but shape my practice. I have found in my practice that we are not only treating patients, but their families, and the communities in which they dwell. For example, a 43 year old male patient comes into the clinic for a sick visit. His social history states that he works at a major airport and is married with two small children at home. The medical history includes hyperlipidemia, but otherwise he’s healthy. After assessing the patient, he is diagnosed with Influenza A. My job is to educate him on his symptom management and how he can prevent spreading influenza to his family and co-workers. So what do patients, families, and communities need? They need health...
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...Childhood Obesity Name: Institution: Introduction Modifiable factors like sedentary lifestyles and physical inactivity are to blame for the high rates of childhood obesity. Adding to this, other non-modifiable factors which occur in conjunction with the modifiable factors contribute to childhood obesity. This paper will analyze these two factors, with specific emphasis on the modifiable factors, and the appropriate prevention strategies that can be employed to reduce its prevalence in the population aged below 16 years old. Childhood obesity is a major public health problem that has reached epidemic proportions in both developed and developing countries. A significant amount of both financial and human resources have been allocated to analyze its causes, prevention strategies and management schedules. Knowing the causes of childhood obesity and the appropriate prevention strategies helps the public heath sector and any other relevant authority to re-evaluate and incorporate prevention strategies into its programmes. Understanding Childhood Obesity Childhood obesity is a disease of caloric imbalance that occurs after excessive intake of calories above the required consumption levels resulting in excess body fat that negatively affects the child’s health and wellbeing. Diagnosis of obesity is based on two commonly used measurement methods. The first is Anthropometric measurements of which...
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..................................................................................7 Vendors and Cost of EMR ......................................................................................................7 EMR Stimulus.........................................................................................................................8 Different Uses of EMR ....................................................................................................................9 Uses of EMR in Health Management .....................................................................................9 Uses of EMR in Disease Management .................................................................................10 Uses of EMR in Genomics Research ....................................................................................11 Management Workflow Training, Implementation...
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