...Introduction Information and communication technologies (ICT) refer to several forms of information exchange between two or more computers through any of the several methods of interconnection. These technologies provide speedy, inexpensive and convenient means of communication. The adoption of these technologies in many countries by different sectors of the economy have been found to have direct positive impact on the organizations's efficiency and have led to more rapid acceleration of development in these countries. In Nigeria, however, preliminary investigations show that only a few organizations in the economy have adopted the ICTs, but there has not been formal study to determine the level of adoption and impact on the efficiency of the organizations and the consequent effect on the nation's economy. This study, is therefore, designed to determine the level of adoption in the Nigerian organizations, and the impact on the operations of these organizations as well as investigating the factors responsible for the present level of adoption of these technologies in the organizations. Globalization of the social economy will further increase during the 21st century. The mission of international air transportation will become more important, and all airports around the world will have a significant role to play. Furthermore, it is predicted that air transportation demand in the world will double over the next 15 years. In the meantime, since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks...
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...Information & Management 41 (2004) 805–825 eAirlines: strategic and tactical use of ICTs in the airline industry Dimitrios Buhalis* Centre for eTourism Research (CeTR), School of Management, University of Surrey, Guildford, England GU2 7XH, UK Received 16 June 2002; received in revised form 26 April 2003; accepted 6 August 2003 Available online 13 November 2003 Abstract Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) have revolutionised the entire business world. The airline industry in particular has fostered a dependency on technology for their operational and strategic management. Airlines were early adopters of ICTs and have a long history of technological innovation, in comparison to many other travel and tourism businesses. This paper discusses comprehensive research, including exploratory research with airline executives, using qualitative methods to examine the use of ICTs in the contemporary airline industry and to discuss recent developments in the industry. The work demonstrated that the airline industry was using the Internet to improve its distribution strategy and reduce costs; it also used Intranets and internal systems to develop tactical and strategic management. In addition, Extranets were being gradually used for communicating with partners and to support business-to-business (B2B) relationships. The effort demonstrated that ICTs will be critical for the strategic and operational management of airlines and will directly affect the future competitiveness...
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...ICTs in the Tourism Industry and its influences on the tourist consumer behaviour The tourism industry often needs a various range of information to satisfy and attracts its consumers and most of this information is delivered promptly to the customers with the help of the information and communication technologies (Poon, 1993). And as result, the global tourism industry is rapidly changing and the information and communication technologies ( ICTs) such as the internet is altering the structure of tourism industry and how it market his products and conducts its promotion. In order to understand the role and impacts that ICTs has in the wider tourism industry and to find its influences on the tourist consumer behaviour, it is advised to first know what ICTs are and to comprehend the study on consumer behaviour based on the tourism industry. Information and communication technologies are defined as the collective term given to the most recent development in the mode (electronic) and the mechanisms (computers and communications technologies) used for the acquisitions, processing analysis, storage, retrieval, dissemination, and application of information (Poon 1993 cited in Buhalis 2003, p 7). It can also be defined as “the use of digital tools for business functions and processes” (Cooper et al 2005, p.704). When tailing about ICTs, it consist of hardware (self service terminals), software (front office applications), and telecommunications (broadcast of images, teleconferencing...
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...and Communication Technologies in Tourism Agenda 1. 1.1 ICT and tourism – introduction Tourism as information business 1.2 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 eTourism – ICT usage in tourism ICT usage in tourism – overview and case studies Tourism stakeholders and interfaces Tourism suppliers and eTourism Intermediaries and eTourism Destination organisations and eTourism Tourism management and eTourism 3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Trends and future applications Social Media & Web 2.0 Website optimisation Interoperability and semantic web Software agents Recommender systems Dynamic packaging Mobile services & ambient intelligence Online auctions in tourism 2 ICT in Tourism © copyright IFITT 1.2 eTourism – ICT usage in tourism Definition and history of eTourism Facts & trends Reasons, advantages and implications of ICT usage ECCA – eTourism Competence Center Austria 3 ICT in Tourism © copyright IFITT 1.2 eTourism – ICT usage in tourism Definition and history of eTourism Facts & trends Reasons, advantages and implications of ICT usage ECCA – eTourism Competence Center Austria 4 ICT in Tourism © copyright IFITT Introduction - ICT ICT - Information and Communication Technologies Umbrella term for technological developments for the Production, analysis, storage, search, distribution and use of information ICT includes a combination of hardware software telecommunications netware groupware humanware ICT enables effective data processing & communication for organisational...
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...Integrating ICT- Based Applications for Sustainable Tourism Development in Algeria BOUTKHIL Guemide Assistant Teacher Department of English Language Faculty of Letters & Languages University of Med Seddik Benyahia. Cité Ouled Aissa B. P. N°98 Jijel (18000) Algeria titanicmaze@hotmail.fr Pr. CHELLALI Benachaiba Assistant Professor Department of Electronics & ICTs Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Med Tahri B. P. N° 417 Bechar (08000) Algeria. IBTISSAM Bedri Assistant Teacher Department of Political Sciences Faculty of Law & Plitical Sciences University of Med Khaidar 145 RP, BISKRA (07000) Algeria Dr. Salima Maouche Assistant Professor Department of English Language Faculty of Letters & Languages University of Abd Errahmane Mira, Bejaia (06000) Algeria ABSTRACT: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has inevitable impacts on different industries and their performances. The tourism industry, as the largest and fastest growing industry in the world, cannot be excluded from this technology and its huge impacts. ICT provides information about tourist attractions in different destinations before travelling and improves tourists‘ satisfaction. Although Algeria has great tourism potentials, it still needs to be performed well in promoting its attractions to international tourists via ICT tools yet. This research explores the impact of ICT on foreign tourists‘ satisfaction of the tourism industry and uses Algerian...
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...Sector Report No. 8 / 2006 ICT and e-Business in the Tourism Industry ICT adoption and e-business activity in 2006 European Commission Tourism About e-Business W@tch and this report The European Commission, Enterprise & Industry Directorate General, launched the e-Business W@tch to monitor the growing maturity of electronic business across different sectors of the economy in the enlarged European Union, EEA and Accession countries. Since January 2002, the e-Business W@tch has analysed e-business developments and impacts in manufacturing, construction, financial and service sectors. All results are available on the internet and can be accessed or ordered via the Europa server or directly at the e-Business W@tch website (http://ec.europa.eu/comm/enterprise/ict/policy/watch/index.htm, www.ebusiness-watch.org). This document is a sector study by e-Business W@tch, focusing on the tourism industry. Its objective is to describe how companies in this industry use ICT for conducting business, to assess the impact of this development for firms and for the industry as a whole, and to indicate possible implications for policy. Analysis is based on literature, interviews, case studies and a survey among decision-makers in European enterprises from the tourism industry about the ICT use of their company. Disclaimer Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the following information...
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...Topic: Heritage management (manage visitors. services. safeguarding built heritage. from tourism point of view Introduction Tourism is a major industry and strong economic vehicle that makes a significant contribution to overall national economy. (Nicolette de Sausmarez, 2007) Tourism for many individuals is about enjoyment and having fun, for governments tourism is generator of important foreign exchange and job creator for allied industries. Tourist industry has a major impact on host country’s civil society and social landscape. Tourism provides economic benefits and influences the local residents in many other ways as well (Oui, 2005). Tourists are exposed to local politics implicitly by being exposed to conditions that are present for local residents. Only countries with safe and stable image draw tourists in abandon, so in other ways increasing levels of tourists imply an endorsements of concerned location’s ambient environment. Political regimes are indirectly bolstered by tourists, therefore tourism not only aids in economic development but for international support of governmental policies (Oui, 2005). In case of a crisis or disaster, economy is disturbed and livelihood of many may be affected. Crisis indicators may be useful in highlighting areas of concern and minimize affects on tourism. The damage to tourist destination may be substantial, as in the case of SARS outbreak or Bali bombings and full recovery may take a significant time and effort. Crisis...
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...Rodolfo Baggio Marianna Sigala Alessandro Inversini Juho Pesonen Editors Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014 eProceedings of the ENTER 2014 PhD Workshop in Dublin, Ireland. January 21, 2014 Preface The advent of Information and communication technology (ICT) has had a paramount impact on tourism. The effects of this revolution continue to change the nature of contemporary tourism on a day-to-day base. The globalization of information, open innovation, better access, collaboration in a generation of information and technological convergence, have all contributed to the design of a new scientific paradigm. Thanks to our passion for research and to the continuous advancements in the technological ecosystem as well as the possibility of better understanding human activity and behavior we are on the threshold of a new era of the social science of tourism. This new social and technological paradigm affects tourism and human mobility in a way that gives the research process unheard-of possibilities. The current level of technological development allows for the construction of objects that are smaller, more intelligent and embedded in the environment and even wearable. These objects, which record and learn our habits are connected to the Internet and they have computing capabilities. They can also be interconnected and generate large quantities of information to benefit the environment in which they are located as well as the travellers that possess...
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...Topic: Heritage management (manage visitors. services. safeguarding built heritage. from tourism point of view Introduction Tourism is a major industry and strong economic vehicle that makes a significant contribution to overall national economy. (Nicolette de Sausmarez, 2007) Tourism for many individuals is about enjoyment and having fun, for governments tourism is generator of important foreign exchange and job creator for allied industries. Tourist industry has a major impact on host country’s civil society and social landscape. Tourism provides economic benefits and influences the local residents in many other ways as well (Oui, 2005). Tourists are exposed to local politics implicitly by being exposed to conditions that are present for local residents. Only countries with safe and stable image draw tourists in abandon, so in other ways increasing levels of tourists imply an endorsements of concerned location’s ambient environment. Political regimes are indirectly bolstered by tourists, therefore tourism not only aids in economic development but for international support of governmental policies (Oui, 2005). In case of a crisis or disaster, economy is disturbed and livelihood of many may be affected. Crisis indicators may be useful in highlighting areas of concern and minimize affects on tourism. The damage to tourist destination may be substantial, as in the case of SARS outbreak or Bali bombings and full recovery may take a significant time and effort. Crisis...
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...Topic: Heritage management (manage visitors. services. safeguarding built heritage. from tourism point of view Introduction Tourism is a major industry and strong economic vehicle that makes a significant contribution to overall national economy. (Nicolette de Sausmarez, 2007) Tourism for many individuals is about enjoyment and having fun, for governments tourism is generator of important foreign exchange and job creator for allied industries. Tourist industry has a major impact on host country’s civil society and social landscape. Tourism provides economic benefits and influences the local residents in many other ways as well (Oui, 2005). Tourists are exposed to local politics implicitly by being exposed to conditions that are present for local residents. Only countries with safe and stable image draw tourists in abandon, so in other ways increasing levels of tourists imply an endorsements of concerned location’s ambient environment. Political regimes are indirectly bolstered by tourists, therefore tourism not only aids in economic development but for international support of governmental policies (Oui, 2005). In case of a crisis or disaster, economy is disturbed and livelihood of many may be affected. Crisis indicators may be useful in highlighting areas of concern and minimize affects on tourism. The damage to tourist destination may be substantial, as in the case of SARS outbreak or Bali bombings and full recovery may take a significant time and effort. Crisis management...
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...Faculty: School of Management and Governance Education: Industrial Engineering & Management Drienerlolaan 5 7522 NB Enschede www.mb.utwente.nl Supervisor: Dr. K. (Kasia) Zalewska‐Kurek Co‐reader: Dr. J. (Joris) M.J. Heuven Mensink Capital B.V. World Trade Center Amsterdam A Tower – Level 5 Strawinskylaan 509 1077 XX Amsterdam www.mensinkcapital.nl Principal: Drs. H. (Hugo) J.T. Mensink Author: L. (Leon) E. van der Heijden Willem‐Alexanderstraat 39 7511 KJ Enschede l.e.vanderheijden@student.utwente.nl Frontpage: Smith, Alan (2009). The Movement. www.businessmodelgeneration.com Management summary The travel industry is one of the largest and also one of the fastest changing industries in the World. The emergence of the internet has radically changed the way business is conducted throughout the industry. This research focuses on a Dutch tour operator which is having trouble adjusting to the fast changing business environment. This tour operator did not make the transition to online direct selling but still sells its products via retail partners only. Due to fierce competition of online niche players, who do not have high overhead costs and a large back‐office, profit margins are under pressure and sales are declining. The tour operator has specialized itself in long haul traveling, which means fly‐hotel vacation trips outside of Europe. This market segment is shrinking because ...
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...1.0 Introduction to analysis of British Airways on ICT task Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) have revolutionized the entire business world. The airline industry in particular has fostered a dependency on technology for their operational and strategic management. Airlines were early adopters of ICTs and have a long history of technological innovation, in comparison to many other travel and tourism businesses. British Airways (BA) is one of the world’s leading global premium airlines. It operates a worldwide air cargo business, largely in conjunction with our scheduled passenger services. The use of Information Technology and the Internet are key factors in BA’s strategy, success and efficiency of the organization. BA recognized this opportunity and turned it into one of its strengths. Today, 76% of all its bookings are carried out via its e-ticket system giving customers the possibility of on-line/Kiosk check-in and seat bookings options. (Buhalis, D. 2004) BA is always implementing effective IT solutions and is considered today a market leader as is the case for the fare-explorer booking engine and the in-flight entertainment system which was awarded the ‘Best in Europe’. (2009/10 Annual Report and Accounts) BA is always keeping step forwards on the way of ICT enhancement and development: (2009/10 Annual Report and Accounts) * 2002 BA introduced first "calendar selling" of flights * 2004 Ability to change bookings added to web site * 2006 On-line...
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...ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS REVIEW | VOL. 15 | No. 1 | 2013 | 33–56 33 ICT AS A NEW COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE FACTOR – CASE OF SMALL TRANSITIONAL HOTEL SECTOR Tanja Mihalič1 Dimitrios Buhalis2 Received: 12 December 2012 Accepted: 6 March 2013 ABSTRACT: This paper studies the information and communication technology (ICT) in a small hotel sector at a point in time when the transition towards a full market economy is coming to the end and competitiveness and ICT implementation is gaining on importance. Its main purpose is to study a business potential of this new competitive advantage resource and its productivity paradox. A competitive advantage factor model (CAF model) has been proposed and the structural modelling (SEM) has been performed on the case of a small transitional Slovenian hotel sector. The study contributes to knowledge on ICT competiveness and ICT productivity paradox in hotel sector. Further, its results hold practical implications for the strategy for hotels operating in small-sized hotel industries in transitional or ICT developing environments. In more concrete terms, research findings indicate that such hotel sectors need to speed the ICT implementation. ICT as such doesn’t directly increase the firm’s profitability, yet there is an indirect positive impact of factor ICT on a firm’s financial performance that emerges through other competitiveness factors, such as differentiation, qulity or image, which helps firms to stay competitive on the...
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...Essays on Productivity Analysis in the Canadian Tourism and Hospitality Industries by Xiaofeng Li A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of |Doctor of Philosophy in Economics Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Xiaofeng Li, December, 2011 ABSTRACT ESSAYS ON PRODUCTIVITY ANALYSIS IN THE CANADIAN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRIES Xiaofeng Li University of Guelph, 2011 Advisor: Professor David M Prescott This thesis is to investigate the relationship between the productivity in the Canadian tourism and hospitality industries and workforce characteristics, human resources management practice, technology change. The productivity analysis is conducted with different measures of productivity, such as labour productivity and total factor productivity. The first chapter is to calculate labour productivity using the Canadian National Tourism Indicator (NTI) and the Canadian Human Resource Module of Tourism Satellite Account (HRM) for six tourism industries during the period 1997-2008 and to estimate an econometric model of labour productivity. Labour productivity is found to increase with the capital labour ratio, the proportion of part-time hours, the share of immigrant workers and by the proportion of the most experienced workers. The second chapter decomposes the total factor productivity growth for the Canadian tourism/hospitality industries with dynamic factor demand models which is estimated with nonlinear Full Information...
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...TVU training hotel; it will also take into account the increasing statutory obligations that it needs to meet. According to Wood and Brotherton (2008, p.331) Lodging businesses can no longer expect to succeed without the solid support of information technologies (IT), this is true for a variety of reasons but is partly because the current customers that the lodging establishments are looking to attract are part of the Net Generation, these people are surrounded in their daily life by IT, if these people are not provided with the technology that they are used to using they will not return, hence lost business. ICT is now a prominent part of our daily life, within the tourism industry it is quickly becoming an important tool for a hotels organisation, it enables them to become competitive and is a good way of communicating with both consumers and partners. ICT is increasingly becoming a source that is enabling competitive advantage for the...
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