...Question 1: Answer: SMEs (Small & Medium Enterprises) are those business enterprises which run their business in small and medium level. Small and medium business has no single definition but have some standards on the basis of which we can say they are small and medium enterprises. Different institutions has given different definitions but in Pakistan SMEDA (small Medium enterprises development authority) has defined SMEs as “the enterprises can be small and medium which has up to 250 employees and having annual return about Rs.250 million.” In Pakistan we can say that there are about more and less about 2 million small and micro level business and enterprises are exist. In among these 2 million there are about 400000 are form manufacturing side about 600000 from services side enterprises and about one million are exists from trade sector mean retailers. In Pakistan Small Medium enterprises is almost near to ninety percent of the whole business enterprise. It contributes a lot in almost every sector of Pakistan like manufacturing, agricultural and services based organizations. The part of every province in SME are contributed in SME Punjab province has the highest contribution about 65.26% share is in Punjab, KPK has about 12.21% while Sindh province has about 17.82% share in SME in total of 2.96 million units in Pakistan of which about 93.9% are established enterprises and 6.1% are household enterprises. Baluchistan share is about 2.09% in over all units in Pakistan....
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...Paper Topic: The challenges of lean applications in SMEs Written by Sundara Pavan Kumar Raavi Department of Industrial Management University of Central Missouri Submitted to Ms. M. Joleen Byerline Department of Industrial Management UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL MISSOURI Abstract The prime objective of this paper is to find out the lean manufacturing adaptation hurdles in SMEs. In this study, a few SMEs are consider for experimental study and we can understand the overall idea about the ideology of SMEs functioning. Lean manufacturing is based on the principle of getting the same result with less human interference as well as less machine and material involvement. The scope of lean implementation is not only restricted to automotive industry but also has recognition in manufacturing industries in US. The in information in this study is collect from the professionals who have implemented and those who did not implemented the lean manufacturing tools in business. The research speaks some of the barriers, which came across while adopting manufacturing technique. Keywords: SMEs, Lean-manufacturing implementation, General view about...
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...theoretical knowledge into the real life practical situation. The report entitled “Mobile Services in Bangladesh: A case study on ROBI”. The main purpose of the preparation of the report understands the practical knowledge about marketing mix, STP and the SWOT analysis. During the course, we were under the supervision and guidance of Ms Husna Ara, Faculty of Business Studies, East West University-Bangladesh. 1.2 Objectives of the report Main Objective: The main objective of this study is to prepare a paper on the specified topic implementing the knowledge that has been gathered over the semester at the East West University-Bangladesh. Specific Objective: The Objectives of this report are:- • To give a clear idea about the company-Robi (Axiata Bangladesh Limited). • To understand the SWOT & 4P processes involved with the ROBI • To identify the image of customer about ROBI. 1.3 Methodology Project Design: At first we got...
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...industry will be benefited as well as general people, country and companies. The main objective of this thesis paper is to show the problems and prospects of telecommunication sector and its marketing strategies as individual company taking the steps time to time. It can be said that the Bangladesh telecom market has a lot of potential to offer considering strategically ignorable or somehow alterable threats. The market looks very potential and prospective. Lots of opportunities are waiting. CHAPTER 1 1.1 Introduction: Telecommunication Sector in Bangladesh: The liberalization of Bangladesh’s telecommunications sector began with small steps in 1989 with the issuance of a license to a private operator for the provision of inter alia cellular mobile services to compete with the previous monopoly provider of telecommunications services the Bangladesh Telegraph and Telephone Board (BTTB). Significant changes in the number of fixed and mobile services deployed in Bangladesh occurred in the late 1990s and the numbers of services in operation have subsequently grown exponentially in the past five years. The incentives both from government and public sectors have helped to grow this sector. It is now one of the biggest sectors of Bangladesh. As a populous country, its huge market has attracted many foreign investors to invest in this sector. The telecom sector in Bangladesh is rapidly emerging....
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...Cellular phone has become such a vital necessity if our day to day life that we can not spend a single day without it. In the current scenario of today’s telecom sector, we find some names everywhere and their activities are touching our lives. The name of the cellular operators like GrameenPhone, AKTel, Banglalink, and Citycell & Teletalk is expanding with their activities to gain their respective goals. To execute their goals accurately, they adopt several marketing strategies. In our report we have focused the vital business strategies from different viewpoints of GrameenPhone. From this analysis we have able to identify their process of capturing different generations and the key factors of their market acceptance. From this study we are able to know about market segmentations, positions, marketing mix, SWOT analysis and various special features of GrameenPhone. Then we have discussed about the competitive advantage of the company. From our discussion we have found that grameen phone is the market leader, banglalink is the market challenger, AKTEL is the market follower and Citycell is the market nicher. Then last of all we have analyzed the SWOT analysis. In our SWOT analysis we have tried to discuss about the strength weakness opportunities and treats as broadly as possible. Then we have discussed about the marketing mix strategies. Marketing strategies are the strategies of each company with 4ps that is product, price, place and promotion. We have tried to discuss...
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...list is the management section of GP, but the functions of the managers are not explained in detail. Since this report focuses on the Sales and Distribution of GP, the functions of those managers are explained later in the report. Figure: Organogram of GP Overview of the Telecom Market Telecommunication is both an industry and an infrastructure, which helps other infrastructures to grow. Absence of good telecommunication facilities deters investments in other sectors of the economy. In order to enhance the investment in the telecommunication sector, the government has been pursuing the policy of raising the public sector allocation and attracting private sector investment by privatizing certain services e.g. rural telecommunication, cellular mobile service, paging and radio trunking services etc. Current Scenario The most prospective and booming mobile telephone has brought about many positive changes in the country's economy and socio-economic sectors and has been successful by attracting a huge some of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) by big telecom giants like Telenor, Telekom Malaysia (TM), Orascom and SingTel in rural network expansion in Bangladesh. The foreign operators in collaboration with their local partners is working on with the infrastructure to widen the very base of mobile subscribers by removing the entry barrier and make the mobile telephone affordable even to rural masses. The following graph will depict the current market scenario of the major operators...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report examines the international expansion process of Bharti Airtel as a result of increasing competition in the Indian telecom industry during the last 2-3 years. The report provides a detailed account of the evolution of the Indian telecom industry analysis. It gauges the industry through YIP’s globalization drivers and measures industry attractiveness through Porter’s Five Forces model. It also provides information about the increasing saturation and declining Average Revenue per User (ARPU) and the strategies major operators such as Bharti Airtel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular Ltd, Reliance Telecom Ltd, etc. are following to safeguard their profitability. The report discusses about the two fold strategy of tapping the rural market within India and netting talkers in emerging economies, followed by mobile operators in India to de-risk them. Whether it is the rural Indian market or other emerging markets, operators would be busy acquiring subscribers. This, in turn, may result in erosion in profitability. There is no question of profitability. It is all about registering your presence and building psychological pressure. On the other hand, the Indian market has yet to take-off when it comes to offering data-intensive mobile value-added services like m-commerce, healthcare services, governance, education, information and location-based services. But these areas are already contributing to revenues in many African and Middle Eastern countries. In...
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...such as change is imperative. Change can be defined as the art of altering the current state of an entity from its present state to another while organisational change is the transformation process of taken up by an organisation in order to move from its existing level to a strategically proposed level by taking up new ideas and a different approach to its operational practices and procedures (Beckhard and Harris, 1987. cited by: Andriopoulos and Dawson, 2009). In analysing the various categories of change, research works have identified a number of traits used to classify the various levels and sorts of change. These include substance of change, scale and scope of change, timeframe of change.(Dawson and Adriopoulus,2009). Grundy (1993) also stated that three varieties of change has set a basis for how managers view change as a homogenous concept and coined them as Discontinuous, Smooth incremental and Bumpy incremental change(Senior and Fleming 2006). Many organisations appear in continuous state of change with many factors being the backbone of those changes. Such factors include: acceleration of technological innovation, globalization of SMEs, increase in customer demand, and change in government policies. Born in 1890, the German Jew, Kurt Lewin, pioneered a lot of behavioural and...
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...in developed and developing countries through increased specialization. It also refers to the mixture of ideas, languages and cultures. Globalization leads to decreasing inter-cultural contact while increasing the possibility of international and intra-national conflict throughout the globe. It is like moving towards living in a borderless world. * WTO (world trade organization) is an organization who laid down guide lines or code of conduct to the economies those are in developing phase or developed as well .WTO provides a platform where economies can freely trade there commodities without any manipulation. * IMF (international monetary fund) is an international organization with 146 members, which also includes the United States. The main functions of the International Monetary Fund are to lend funds to their member nations to overcome their solution of payment and financial problems temporarily and to increase the race of Globalization in the economies that are today behind this world, and to promote the nations that are in scarcity or in need of help from developed economies which also help in the growth of international trade system. Determinants of globalization:- * Tourists/Migration * Trade * Investment * Media * Occupations * Technology Advanced Technology had stretched the bounds of communication by using improving cellular phone technology or by the Internet. Now any individual can interact with another individual from a completely...
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...Information and Communication Technology (ICT) according to Hamelink .T (1997) , is an umbrella term that includes any communication device or application , encompassing : radio , television cellular phone , computer and network hardware and software , satellite system as well as the various services and application associated with the term such as video conferencing and distance learning.ICT is a more specific term that stresses the task of integrating communications and the amalgamation of tele-communications , for examples telephone lines and wireless signals , computers , vital enterprise software and audio visual system which are used by people to access information. From the above insight about ICT, it can be seen that the use of technology through cell phones , computers , the web , designed machines , radio and the television is of vital importance in as much as disseminating information is concerned. Zimbabwe is one of the Sub-Saharan Countries which is pursuing technological transformation, especially in the field of Information and Communication Technology. Upgrading the whole national system from an analogue to a digital system has become one of the main goals of the Zimbabwean Government. The government of Zimbabwe through the leadership of the icon of Africa his Excellency Comrade Robert Mugabe came up with a master-plan to harness the economic situation in the country. After the landslide victory in 2013 elections, his Excellency Comrade Robert Mugabe...
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...A STUDY ON CUSTOMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS Submitted in the partial fulfillment in Bachelor of Business Administration Submitted To: Submitted By: Ms. Rasna Pathak Project Guide Roll no. 94532451177 BBA 6th SEM GNA Institute of Management & Technology (Affiliated from PTU) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to take an opportunity to thank all the people in collecting the necessary information and making of the report. I am grateful to all of them for their time and wisdom. My project becomes a reality only because of cooperation of many people who had helped me in completing this project. I sincerely extend my gratitude to Ms Rasna Pathak who has given me this golden opportunity to have an insight in the corporate world and who has been a source of guidance and support. Sameer Thakur TABLE OF CONTENTS |Title Page |1 | |Bonafide Certificate |2 | |Declaration ...
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...This term paper is prepared over the telecommunication sector of Bangladesh. In this term paper we discuss about all the companies that are currently running their business in market. Any one can easily get the idea about all the companies as well as the current market situation in telecommunication sector. In this term paper we mainly focus on each of the company’s product and promotional activities, their operations and also about the services to customers. By studying this term paper any one have the clear idea about different product of different companies that are currently available in this market. Objectives of the Term Paper Main object of this term paper is to know about the ‘Telecommunication Industry in Bangladesh’. Continuous Improvement of customer satisfactions and resource management. Methodology We have conducted the literature search connected to the topic to support and direct the research. This search was mainly conducting on the University databases, Journal databases, Library Journals, websites and Textbooks. We have searched the databases provided by University library access, like Emerald, Business Insight, ABI/Inform, Global Information Inc (professional Research reports) and search engines like Google scholar and university special search engine connected to all databases and textbooks. The key words mainly used were Bangladesh Telecom industry, Telecom future, Trends in Telecom, Bangladesh telecom Market. In the full range of articles and journals...
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...Term Papers and Free EssaysBrowse Essays Read full version essay Customer Satisfaction Level Of Grameenphone Ltd. Customer Satisfaction Level Of Grameenphone Ltd. Print version essay is available for you! You can search Free Term Papers and College Essay Examples written by students!. Join Essays24.com and get instant access to Customer Satisfaction Level Of Grameenphone Ltd. and over 30,000 other Papers and Essays Category: Business Autor: anton 23 March 2011 Words: 9704 | Pages: 39 1. Background of the Report 1.1 Introduction Topic of my internship project is “Assessing Customer Satisfaction of GrameenPhone.†I got the opportunity to do my internship at GrameenPhone Ltd. I have been working for their Customer Relations Division. As the name implies, it deals with the customers after the sales occurs. Main activities of this division includes maintaining databases of the customers, preparing the bills, distributing bills, activating new connections, helpline service, collection of bill through different banks all over the country, and the other after sales services. As a member of GP’s Customer Relations Division, my job is to provide different services to our valued subscribers over telephone, which is the helpline service. In other words, my job is to satisfy the subscribers. In my internship project, I have tried to judge the satisfaction level of GP service holders. 1.2 Objectives This project was designed to accomplish three objectives...
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...Table of Contents Company Background3 Strategic Planning3 Strategic Capacity Plan 5 Portfolio Management Process6 Project Selection Criteria…………………………………………………………………………. Project Management Plan Risk Assessment…………………………………………………………………………………… Change Management Plan…………………………………………………………………… Resource Utilization…………………………………………………………………………… References………………………………………………………………………………………… Company Background VIZIO, Inc. was founded by William Wang in 2002 with the idea that everyone deserves to own the latest technology. Over the years, the company has grown from having three (3) employees at its inception in 2002 to having nearly 200 employees. VIZIO ‘s primary line of business is televisions (TV), and remains the first American brand in over a decade to lead the United States in LCD HDTV sales. While VIZIO excels in LCD sales, the company continues to add new innovative products to their portfolio such as blue ray players, tablets, notebooks, desktop pc’s, home theater sound bars, wireless subwoofers, motorized wall mounts, as well as innovative apps for smart TVs. VIZIO’s uncompromised technology and incredible value has continued to make VIZIO America’s best-seller of LED, LCD, and HDTV and the industry leader in sales growth. Company Vision: “To be the industry leader in consumer electronics by consistently delivering the latest technologies at the most affordable price.” Strategic Planning Company Mission The company mission is where the vision meets value...
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...with discrete event simulation modeling and analysis as well as mathematical optimization to make a positive impact on the environment, society and its own financial success. The principles of lean manufacturing that aid in the elimination of waste have helped the company meet ever increasing customer demands while preserving valuable resources for future generations. The implementation of lean and sustainable manufacturing was aided by the use of discrete event simulation and optimization to overcome deficits in lean’s traditional implementation strategies. Lean and green manufacturing can have a more significant, positive impact on multiple measures of operational performance when implemented concurrently rather than separately. These ideas are demonstrated by three applications. Keywords: lean manufacturing, green manufacturing, case-study, discrete event simulation, optimization 1 Introduction Manufacturers are under tremendous pressure to improve productivity and quality while reducing costs. This has led many organizations to implement the Toyota Production System (TPS), otherwise known as lean manufacturing (Liker, 2004; Womack, 2003). Thus, it seems to be important to gain an understanding of how TPS relates to other methods for improving manufacturing systems including Green A case study of lean, sustainable manufacturing...
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