...Idioms can be considered as puzzles because there are no studies that provide a comprehensive analysis of them. Also, it is due to the characteristics that will be described below. They are against the logical structure of the discourse in which “the meanings of the utterances depend on the meanings of their parts and on the syntactic relation among those parts” (Johnson-Laird 1993). This factor gives idioms a heterogeneous character, and describes them as very complex linguistic configurations. Since some expressions have both a literal and an idiomatic meaning, for instance, it's better than a poke in the eye with a burnt stick, and others have only an idiomatic interpretation, such as pull the strings, idioms are transparent to native speakers...
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...Thing around your neck themes and stuff Relationships and marriage | Family | Prejudice and racism | Violence and corruption | Abuse of power and women. | | Tomorrow is too far- Nonso, Dozie and the sister (the unnamed protagonist)Cell one- the family | Thing around your neck- “America is seen as a place with complicated politics” Akunna, second person narrator arrives in America after winning the America visa lottery P.115… she ends up with her family in a small white town in Maine where she works with a company who employed him because they were desperately trying to look diverse | VIOLENCE A private experience, Ghosts, American embassy- all deal directly with individuals who lose children (and a sister) because of violence… Adiche uses this to hit readers hard with the message of the disastrous effects of this violence.A private experience- ethnic tensions between Hausa Muslims and Igbo Christians in the 1990s during general Abachas presidency.The American embassy- the violence here is more personal. The corrupt government send soldiers to take the radical journalist and instead they kill his young son.Adiche is clearly positioning her readers to despise volume and corruption.CORRUPTIONGhosts- James beloved wife died as a result of someone selling expired medicine and his pension has never been released by the university.Cell one- Nnamabias family are forced to accept the way they are treated by the police in hope that by not complaining they might be allowed...
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...the rest of the population lives in rural areas. Education in Tanzania is very important formal education last for fifteen years. They separate their educational years by pre-primary, primary, junior secondary, and senior secondary. The literacy level of the country is about sixty-eight percent, meaning at the age of fifteen a person is able to read and write in Kiswahili, Arabic, or English. The education system on both the mainland and Zanzibar are bilingual. On the mainland the languages are Kiswahili and English and on Zanzibar Arabic and English are required. Much of the literature available is in either English or Arabic because the indigenous culture is passed on through oral traditions. There are some collections of fables and idioms collected and written down by foreigners. If the family can afford to they will send both male and female children to school, if they must make a choice the male children nearly always are the ones who will be given preferred treatment for education. Education level is a determining factor for women in their marriage and professional opportunities; it also changes how they feel about their traditional labor roles. Kinship systems have always been important within Tanzania with all ethnic groups. These kinship groups are made up of the immediate family, aunts,...
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...English-Russian Idioms Last updated: March 3, 2003 Please take a look at the important information about the copyright. Do not remove it. © 2000-2003 Natalya Belinsky All Rights Reserved This copy of the document was provided by the author for Educational Project FluentEnglish ( http://www.fluent-english.ru ) You have the royalty–free right to use this document as you wish. You are free to quote, copy, distribute or publish this document, but please DO NOT REMOVE this copyright information. No warranties of any kind are made to you as to this document or any medium it may be on. No liability is assumed by the author or Fluent English project for anything including but not limited to indirect, consequential, punitive or incidental damages; incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data; transcription errors; a computer virus; computer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment. Please send your comments, corrections and contributions to the author: natalya.belinskaya@fluent-english.ru IDIOMS Natalya Belinsky 2 ИДИОМ Ы Наталья Белинская От составителя Думаю, любому человеку, сталкивавшемуся с необходимостью освоения иностранного языка в пределах, чуть превосходящий уровень школьной «тройки», приходилось иметь дело с выражениями, представляющими на первый взгляд полную абракадабру, хотя все слова вроде бы известны. Это кажущееся несоответствие значений слов смыслу фразы обуславливается, скорее всего, одной из двух причин: либо в данном выражении имеется какой-то...
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...Some advices Грамматика. Внимание! Следующие глаголы НИКОГДА не употребляются в форме Continuous: | like (нравится) | want (хотеть) | know (знать) | prefer (предпочитать) | need (нуждаться) | must (быть должным) | love (любить) | remember (помнить) | understand (понимать) | hate (ненавидеть) | forget (забывать) | believe (верить) | | | depend | Глагол to feel (чувствовать) отечественные учебники обычно причисляют к группе глаголов, которые вContinuous не употребляются. Однако на самом деле глагол to feel к этой группе не относится. В современном (даже официальном) английском вполне допустимо и рекомендуется говорить именно "I'm feeling awful" (Я ужасно себя чувствую), а не "I feel awful", если речь идет о данном моменте. Список глаголов, требующих за собой предлог AT 1. rejoice at smth – радоваться чему-то 2. look at smth / smb – смотреть на кого-то / чего-то 3. shoot at smth / smb – стрелять в кого-то/что-то 4. smell at smth - понюхать что-то 5. swear at smb - ругаться на кого-то 6. throw at smb - бросать в кого-то 7. drive at smth - клонить к чему-то 8. connive at smth- закрывать глаза на что- то 9. shout at smb - кричать на кого-то 10. hint at smth - намекать на что-то 11. arrive at smth - приходить к чему-то 12. aim at smth - целиться во что-то 13. knock at smth - стучать во что-то on the other hand – с другой стороны while – в то время, как; тогда, как whereas – тогда, как however – однако nevertheless – несмотря на; однако mind...
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...Business Etiquette Twan M. Doan University of Phoenix Business Etiquette About Israel Israel is perhaps the most fascinating, intriguing and complex country in the world. Geographically tiny, the country’s social, historical, economic and geographical matrix represents a singular association of contrasting attributes unique among the world’s nations and cultures. Snow covered mountains and tropical sea resorts, technology hotbeds and Byzantine churches, socialist-style settlements and free market corporations, Ethiopian traditions and Polish cuisines, BMW's and camels all exist together in a bustling, hyper-energetic, egalitarian, extroverted and impassioned caldron a mere 262 miles long and, in some areas, 10 miles wide. The powerful Romans regarded ancient Israel as one of their most strategically important locations. Great roads and aqueducts interconnected bustling cities vital to the empire’s financial strength and political stability. For two thousand years, the Crusaders, Ottomans and other world powers regarded this region as crucial for their economic and strategic vitality. In today’s global environment, modern Israel is once again becoming a vital element in the international strategies of both large and small US businesses. Long considered a critical region, the Near East has transformed into an attractive wellspring of commercial opportunity. As geopolitical change continues to unfold, Israel is rapidly assuming stature as an ideal gateway to vast, largely...
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...cover next page > title author publisher isbn10 | asin print isbn13 ebook isbn13 language subject publication date lcc ddc subject : : : : : : : : : : : cover next page > < previous page page_i next page > Page i 1100 Words You Need to Know Fourth Edition Murray Bromberg Principal Emeritus Andrew Jackson High School, Queens, New York Melvin Gordon Reading Specialist New York City Schools . . . Invest fifteen minutes a day for forty-six weeks in order to master 920 new words and almost 200 useful idioms < previous page page_i next page > < previous page page_ii next page > Page ii © Copyright 2000 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc. Prior edition © Copyright 1993, 1987, 1971 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of the copyright owner. All inquiries should be addressed to: Barron's Educational Series, Inc. 250 Wireless Boulevard Hauppauge, NY 11788 http://www.barronseduc.com Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 00-030344 International Standard Book Number 0-7641-1365-8 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bromberg, Murray. 1100 words you need to know / Murray Bromberg, Melvin Gordon. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-7641-1365-8 1. Vocabulary. I. Title: Eleven hundred words you need...
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...EnglishContents ABOUT THIS BOOK ................................5 THE WORDS.............................................7 WORD ANALYSIS ...............................103 IDIOM AND USAGE ............................117 About This Book English offers perhaps the richest vocabulary of all languages, in part because its words are culled from so many languages. It is a shame that we do not tap this rich source more often in our daily conversation to express ourselves more clearly and precisely. There are of course thesauruses but they mainly list common words. Other vocabulary books list difficult, esoteric words that we quickly forget or feel self-conscious using. However, there is a bounty of choice words between the common and the esoteric that often seem be just on the tip of our tongue. Vocabulary 4000 brings these words to the fore. Whenever possible, one-word definitions are used. Although this makes a definition less precise, it also makes it easier to remember. Many common words appear in the list of words, but with their less common meanings. For example, the common meaning of champion is “winner.” A less common meaning for champion is to support or fight for someone else. (Think of the phrase “to champion a cause.”) This is the meaning that would be used in the list. As you read through the list of words, mark any that you do not know with a check mark. Then when you read through the list again, mark any that you do not remember with two checks. Continue in this...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMERY Recruitment and selection is a customized process of each individual organization. As business process differs from organization to organization, different organization fill up different types of employee needs. So the process to build the employee pool and finally making the best choice from candidates differs a lot. The report is presenting a portfolio of five different types of organizations, which manifest the customized process suitable for each organization. For example: British American Tobacco Bangladesh (BATB) do not take written test, but Damco take written test for different levels of candidates. According to Shahriar Mahmood of Reckitt Benckiser (RB) ‘there is nothing called first impression in HR’ but in Standard Chartered Bank (SCB); as it is a financial institution, it has to choose employee who are presentable, so first impression is very important at interview. Damco out source much of their root level job but British American Tobacco (BAT), Standard Chartered Bank (SCB), Unilever, and Reckitt Benckiser (RB) do not out-source job, on the other hand; SCB take many of their employees on contract based. So recruitment and selection follow the required business process of different organizations. In this report we have presented our collected data from both primary and secondary sources, and analyzed them to present the information in a flow, that can clarify the individual characteristic of different organizations and as well as their recruitment...
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...Chapter 1 3 C ‘s strategy G: 3C’s strategy: 1. Correctness-----正确性—grammar adhere to the rules of S.W.E-(standard writing english)- 2. Concision------简洁性---brevity –用词简短 3. Clarity---intelligibility清楚---句子意思明显和无模棱两可。 Correctness: A closer look Major grammatical issues: 1) Subject-verb agreement 2) Verbtense 3) Voice 4) Mood 5) Pronouns 6) Modifiers 7) Parallelism 8) Comparisons 9) Idioms Concision: A closer look When stuck between two grammatically correct answer choices, choose the shorter one. 1. 能用一个词代替不用多个词 V. > adj.> 抽象n.>动名词 主动> 被动 Differ> have difference Idealize> ideal Try> make an attempt 2. Avoid redundancy---wordy Can you find and locate the words in this sentence that are redundant? 用词重复:---不简洁,不同的词表示同一意思 Being 总是不简洁的信号---being 必错 1. annual a year 2. raise, rise,increase,grow 3. around, orbit 4. by name of; be known as 5. with; included 6. attempt to do; try to do 7. decline; down, fall, drop,decrease 8. rarely, ever 9. same, exact 10. sum, total 11. before 和when 不能连用在同一个句子中 12. academic与in school 不能在同一句中出现 13. possible,may 14. now 和currently 12. Clarity: A closer look 通常原句子第一遍读应该是清晰的,选项把原文变得不清晰 ...
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...LECTURE 2 – POWELL THE WRITING PROCESS KINDS OF WRITING/DISCOURSE TYPES: THE BASIC PURPOSES OF WRITING ARE TO INFORM, TO PERSUADE, AND TO ENTERTAIN. Prose is ordinary written/spoken language without poetic structure. Prose that informs is called exposition/expository writing. Expository writing explains how things work, ideas, how to solve a problem, facts about everyday life, history, controversial issues. Expository writing is constructed LOGICALLY – organized around structures like cause and effect, true and false, less and more, positive and negative, general and specific, sequences or series of steps/procedures, chronology, etc. Ideas in exposition are moved along by connectives like therefore, however, but, in fact, and, for example. An example of expository writing is the information report – facts about a subject with descriptions, definitions and classifications, e.g. scientific reports or business reports with diagrams, technical language or jargon (words/expressions specific to a particular profession). Certain descriptive and narrative writing can also fall under the category of writing that informs. Descriptions of the details of experiences, people, places, situations, processes should be arranged into a meaningful pattern, and narration should give an account of related events/incidents as in a report and in a logical sequence. Prose that persuades is often called argumentative writing. The writer takes a stand, proving an opinion/argument...
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...LIBERTY THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY BOOK CRITIQUE: TWO VIEWS ON WOMEN IN MINISTRY A Paper Submitted to Liberty Theological Seminary Dr. Garry Graves In partial fulfillment of the requirements For completion of the course Systematic Theology II THEO 530 By Vernon L Langley July 26, 2012 Beck, James R. Two Views on Women in Ministry: Revised ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005. ISBN: 978-0-310-25437-9. Thesis Statement: in view of the fact that my own outlook on women’s responsibility in ministry is in between social equality and Complementarian; however I will attempt to show that women have a part in ministry, through the assessment of these two differing points of views as offered in the principal book Two Views on Women In Ministry and as contrasted with other academic books. Introduction: Dr. James R. Beck has assembled four academic assessments which present the egalitarian and complementarianism / hierarchical analysis regarding women in ministry with unprejudiced supplementary counterpoints to completely enlighten the one who reads. The arrangement of analysis appear to evaluate and distinguish in a reasonable, impartial way that supply the one who reads with a good insight of the dispute, with opposing opinions offered at the conclusion of every article. However, the reasonable approach to the arrangement of both components regarding women in ministry do not completely disclose...
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...: mastering the rules that unlock the power of writing / by Brandon Royal. ISBN 978-1-897393-30-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2009909354 In addition to the paperback edition, this book is available as an eBook and in the Adobe PDF file format. Technical Credits: Cover Design: George Foster, Fairfield, Iowa, USA Editing: Jonathan K. Cohen, Irvine, California, USA This book’s cover text was set in Minion. The interior text was set in Scala and Scala Sans. Contents Introduction Chapter 1: The 100-Question Quiz Subject-Verb Agreement Pronoun Usage Modification Parallelism Comparisons Verb Tenses Diction Review Idioms Review Answers to The 100-Question Quiz Chapter 2: Grammatical Munchkins The Eight Parts of Speech Parts of Speech vs. The Seven Characteristics Other Grammatical Terms Chapter 3: Word Gremlins Diction Showdown 200 Common Grammatical Idioms Chapter 4: Putting It All Together 30 All-Star Grammar Problems Answers and Explanations Editing I – Tune-up Editing II – Punctuation...
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...MEASUREMENT IN MARKETING RESEARCH Chapter 8 Brand loyalty – can be defined as the last brand acquired, or can be defined as the person’s most preferred brand. 3 Basic Question-Response Formats 1. Open-ended question – presents no response options to the respondent. Rather, the respondent is instructed to responds in his/her own word. 2 Types of Open-ended Question a. Unprobed format – seeks no additional information from the respondent. b. Probed format – the researcher wants a comment or statement from the respondent, or simply wants the respondent to indicate a name of a brand or a store. Response probe – instructing the interviewer to ask for additional information. Pros and Cons of Alternative Response Formats Response Format Examples: Pros (+) and Cons (-) Unprobed open-ended question “What was your reaction to the Sony CD player advertisement you saw on TV last?” + Allows respondent to use his/her own words. - Difficult to code and interpret. - Respondents may not give complete answer. Probe open-ended question “Did you have any other thoughts or reactions to the advertisement?” + Elicits complete answers. - Difficult to code and interpret Dichotomous closed-ended question “Do...
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...CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Study Language is important to communication between human. Many students speak more than one language in their classroom activities, even if their study about English language. During their learning activities, they switch or mix between two or more than language. Even the differences between two languages are great, there is a possibility to mix and switch the languages. For example,( Indonesian language and English language have different pronunciation, intonation, grammar, and different way in arranging word into sentences. The function of language is for communication between human being. So, people as the social human need to communicate with each other. People use language to express their feeling, to send a message from their mind. To make a good communication, people have to understand well what other said even if they use different language. When people make interaction, people hardly understand to each other if every speaker uses their own language. Those reasons, above show that many people in many communities used more than one language. When the speaker who has one language and can speak other language, he may be consider as bilingualism or multilingualism depend on how many he mastering the language. It means that a person is bilingual because he can speak in two language, and multilingualism in the person who can speak in more than two languages. In the communication case people who is bilingualism or multilingualism...
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