...Media Influence On Sport When communication is spread not just between two individuals but rather between tens of millions of people it is known as mass media. Mass media is known as the central nervous system of society. "Mass media has many different purposes, such as providing information, entertaining, persuading and also by carrying a vague general function of culture to millions of people."(Frederick 18). In order for mass media to exist, there must be an audience. Today's society is very selective; each receiver reacts differently through his or her own experience and orientation according to mass media. Therefore, mass media exists in many different forms such as magazines, television, newspapers, internet, motion pictures, and even plays. Some examples of these forms of mass media are cosmopolitan magazine for young modern women and TSN television network for sports fans. With such extreme varieties of mass media existing in today's societies there are three major constraints that seem to have an impressionable impact. These constraints can keep mass media very restricted. The major constraint of mass media is competition. Each form of mass media wants to be the one to target the audience, so therefore competition between mass media is very strong, because capturing the inside of the sports world is critical. Apart from the competition among the various forms of media there is also competition among each form of the media example Fox network competes...
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...billions. Over the same period, social media has become a fact of life for civil society worldwide. Regular citizens, companies, activists, NGO’s, software providers and last but not least government and politics use social media as a new form of communication (Foreignaffairs, 2011). One of the most famous politicians who started to use the power of social media in his political campaigns was Barack Obama. The key differenc of Obama’s campaign strategy in contrast to his competitors was that Obama used social media to communicate and organize individuals by using social media. By using technologies such as computers, cell phones, web sites and many more he reached the goal of every politicians to connect his followers, delivered them with interesting news as well as to build up a strong community. Nevertheless not only Obama tooke advantage of the undeniable power of Social Media and its technologies. Over the past years our society realized it’s power, and there might only be few companies left in the western world that are not represented on at least one Social Media Platform (Obama Buch). But maybe one of the most important topics when we’re talking about Social Media is the reachability of Mass and therefore the political Mass Movements that keep emerging from Social Media Platforms. We might only think about the Occupy Movement, Arab Spring or the most recent example Kony 2012. Those Movements do have the ability to transform our society worldwide by it’s unwritten power....
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...extended essay would not have been made possible without the help of Mr. Edward Jay M. Quinto, who was our guide and inspiration in the making of this paper; the researchers family and friends, who have supported the researchers in their time of need; Mr. Sherwin Magon, who provided us with invaluable information regarding the Transition; the Directory of Open Access Journals, who gave the researchers references to complete the research paper; and the almighty father, who gave the researchers strength to battle through the tough times the researchers encountered during the process of creating this research paper “Cultivate the habit of being grateful for every good thing that comes to you, and to give thanks continuously. And because all things have contributed to your advancement, you should include all things in your gratitude.” ― Ralph Waldo Emerson D.N.C.F J.C.M.F A.R.O.G Abstract Today, Transportation has become one of our daily needs. With the introduction of Terrafugia’s flying car: the Transition, this necessity would become less of a problem in our day-to-day lives. This research aimed to discover the problems, prospects and possibilities that the Transition will bring. The researchers used a qualitative method of research using library research. The researchers also Interviewed Engr. Sherwin Magon to have a broader understanding on the concept of flying cars. the Transition is a light sport aircraft approved by the National Aviation Society. It has...
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...Theories of Communication – MCM 511 VU LESSON 01 COMMUNICATION Defining communication Communication is seen as central to our everyday ideas about what makes life worth living. It is not surprising that academicians have attempted to unravel the secrets of the communication process. In this section of the study we will examine the theorizing and theories of this discipline of communication. To understand communication theory we need to understand the nature of communication. Nature of communication People define terms in different ways, and those differences in definition can have a profound impact on the extent to which we understand each other and the way we move forward with both academic and everyday pursuits. Given the variety of ways in which words are used and understood, we are often ill-served to search for the single, so-called correct definition of a term. In other words, it is better to evaluate definition in terms of their utility rather than in terms of their correctness. So we should not assume that there is always a single right way to define a concept. There is a great deal of variation in the definitions. Some are very abstract and some are extremely specific. Few definitions are cited below. Communication is the process by which an individual (the communicator) transmits stimuli (usually verbal) to modify the behavior of other individuals (the audience). (Hovland Janis and Kelly in 1953) Communication is the process by which we understand others and in turn...
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...Propaganda as defined by Jowett and O’Donnell “is the deliberate, systematic attempt to shape perceptions, manipulate cognitions, and direct behavior to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the propagandist” (Prop, 7). In this definition, similar to others, the words “shape”, “manipulate”, and “direct” tend to spur an uneasy feeling for many. Propaganda, which “is associated with bad things or evil forces,” (Pers 33) has such a negative connotation that people who disagree with a message will publicly label it as propaganda to make the audience feel threatened by the communicator and by the message delivered by the enemy. Historically, propaganda has been known to be the cause of war and deaths. But, can propaganda ever be a good thing? It has served as an end to genocide and as a reinforcement to stay healthy. Therefore, propaganda can be ethical or unethical depending on the situation and the purpose. The role of propaganda during wartime periods has been present since we can remember and has such a powerful impact that brings out the same result of a violent war in a nonviolent manner (Prop, 231). When propaganda outcomes are viewed as similar to war it most definitely makes it an unethical form of persuasion. A specific example of that is Nazi propaganda during World War II. When Hitler took power his Minister of Propaganda, Joseph Goebbels, described Hitler’s propaganda as possible to prove that a square is a circle with enough repetition...
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...Bias, prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair. Bias exists all around and often affects how people act. The most common form of bias is incorporated in the mass media. The recent debate on new laws regarding photo identifications to vote caused people to question whether the restrictions are proposed deliberately to “affect minority populations that register lower percentages”(Anderson). Published in 1960, the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee indirectly describes what leads to these biased decisions today. Consequently, pride creates bias, the past creates prejudice and. The creation of bias includes two qualities: one, excessive amount of pride...
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...increasing cost of locating a store in a high traffic area, it also means paying a premium for square footage to the landlord. Our square footage rate is just over $4.00 a foot, which by retail standards is not too bad, except that companies building malls today have figured out that they play a key part in the success of a company generating huge volume; therefore, they expect a cut if the revenue exceeds a certain dollar amount. This is referred to as “override” and in our case the figure is 3% of sales that exceed $5,000,000.00. To be profitable we need to generate the $5,000,000.00 to reach what my investors called the “break-even point”. In other words, if I could manage a store to do 5 million dollars in sales, the rent factor would remain at 4% of sales and the store could be viable with the other overhead expenses which are, in most cases, fixed expenses. The pressure is on to try and find merchandise that will turnover rapidly and yet maintain acceptable margins without “swapping” dollars as markdowns normally do. In brainstorming continually about what items to add, I keep noticing that on our ROI report that I receive...
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... Advertising Gender Stereotypes Gender Stereotyping in advertisements happen all around us. Whether it is a commercial, billboard or a magazine, advertisements are everywhere. Gender stereotypes happen at an early age that includes children. Children’s advertisements implant the very gender roles that are portrayed in today’s society. Creating specific gender products is also creating large profits for companies. When first thinking of gender stereotyping in advertisements one might think of the negative aspect first and not realize that there are positive ways to advertise to specific genders for purchasing products. By using these gender specific advertisements, companies can sell products more efficiently. Advertising to children at an early age can play a significant role in shaping the expected role for him/her in today’s society. There are many examples that can clearly outline gender stereotyping. In many instances someone might not catch it because it is so normal in today’s culture. Monica Brasted is a psychologist and observed her child when the two of them went to McDonalds one day. Monica’s little girl was upset because she didn’t get the toy she wanted. “When I asked her what was wrong she asked why the woman had given her a care bear when she wanted a transformer” (Brasted). This then brought up the question, why is a transformer toy considered a boy toy? The conclusion was gender stereotypes. According to Brasted, there is a deeper meaning behind this advertising...
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...incarceration. Since the beginning of slavery African Americans have dealt with profiling due to their identity. Racial profiling deals with selecting a person within a stereotypical criteria according to their specific racial group. The main reason in advocating racial profiling in the background of criminal study can enlarge the possibility of arresting criminals. Paul Bou-Habib stated, “If the rate at which members of a specific racial group commits a crime is higher than that of other criminals will be caught if the police concentrate their efforts on investigating members of the racial group in question?” (2011, p.34). It is not right when police officers, political officials, and judges make decisions based on predetermined racist and some would say ignorant beliefs. For example, my friend was in McDonald’s parking lot and he was in the process of switching seats with his friend because he was exhausted of driving. . The term “driving while black has been used to describe the practice of law enforcement officials to stop African-American drivers without probable cause” (Weatherspoon, 2004). This is one of the leading minority men are pulled over in their vehicle. Which usually leads to a unwarranted stop and either summons or sometime even arrest depending on the situation. To make matters worse, once the individual is unjustly cited or arrested its almost impossible to fight the case. The justice system usually sides with the officer. Currently, the mis-education...
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...through to more subjective approaches. The question remains though, does the theory accurately reflect change in society or does the 'perspective' of theory and theoretical approach of the researcher only tease out particular aspects of a social phenomenon. By holding the topic of subculture constant, social scientific theory can be put into question. This essay examines subcultures from the 1950's to the present in order to revisit assumptions about theory. The Punk subculture is examined specifically through semiotic analysis within a broader Sociological framework in order to find out what a more subjective approach to theory over this time period can reveal. In the past, subcultural theory described subcultures as fairly uniform and static. Theorists referred to the 1960's and 1970's within a Modern paradigm which objectivist in nature understood subculture as a problem to be fixed. Subcultural delinquency was seen as noise and as unnatural. More recent subcultural theory describes subcultures as transient, informal and hybrid. But subcultures have always been about’ youth, about times of economic uncertainty, employment pressures and reliant on class distinction (Van Krieken et al. 2006, pp517-518). Meanwhile, in Postmodern society we see the so called 'disappearance' of subcultures which have become dispersed and commoditized by a youth distracted by consumerism and media images (Muggleton2000, pp48-50). Subcultures are defined as subordinate to the dominant culture and as having...
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...https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/zero-budget-filmmakers-checklist/ Watching the World Turn Through a Lens is Exactly What We Need Right Now Focusing solely on moving images (aka video) rather than still photographs (I know, video is just a series of photographs), I will show you that movies, television and online videos are more than just a form of entertainment and an after-work pass-time. DOCUMENTARIES Obviously documentaries are thought to be the most “educational” form of video production. During elementary school we would all get excited when we found out we would be watching a movie in class rather than doing work, but after watching Al Gore’s An Inconvenient Truth (pollution/climate change) and Morgan Spurlock’s Super Size...
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...‘ THE BUSINESS OF MASS MEDIA Advertising and Commercial Culture 345 Early Developments in American Advertising 351 The Shape of U.S. Advertising Today 359 Persuasive Techniques in Contemporary Advertising 366 Commercial Speech and Regulating Advertising 374 Advertising, Politics, and Democracy Back in 1993, the trade magazine Adweek wrote about “The Ultimate Network”— something called the Internet: “Advertisers and agencies take note: It has the potential to become the next great mass/personal medium.”1 The prediction was correct, if not understated. The Internet has become a huge medium for advertisers, targeting audiences more precisely than any medium before it. Yet, none of the venerable ad agencies at that time could have guessed that an Internet start-up—Google— would become bigger than the leading multinational advertising holding companies like Omnicom, WPP, Interpublic, and Publicis. Nearly 99 percent of Google’s $16.6 billion revenue in 2007 came from advertising. THE BUSINESS OF MASS MEDIA B 343 ‘ ADVERTISING However, Google is different from the Madison Avenue agencies. It doesn’t design witty, slick ad campaigns. Instead, it facilitates the dull but effective text-based sponsored links that appear in Google searches or on affiliated sites. “We are in the really boring part of the business…the boring big business,” Google’s CEO Eric Schmidt says.2 What Google’s ads lack in creativity, they make up in precision. Google’s AdWords advertising...
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...Illuminati's Exposed by Michelle When a few people wish to control and direct a mass of humanity, there are certain key structures that have to be in place. These are the same whether you are seeking to manipulate an individual, family, tribe, town, country, continent, or planet. First, you have to set the "norms", what is considered right and wrong, possible or impossible, sane or insane, good & bad. Most of the people follow those norms without question because of the baa-baa mentality, which has prevailed within the collective human mind for at least thousands of years. Second, you have to make life very unpleasant for those few who challenge your imposed "norms". Those who beat to a different drum like me or voice a different view, or version of the "truth" & lifestyle, stand out like a black sheep in the human herd. Your ancestorial governments/dictators have already conditioned the human herd to accept your norms as reality and so, in their arrogance & ignorance, they then ridicule or condemn those with a different and often times more accurate spin on life. Most of the time, you pressurize those who have a different spin on life to conform and stop free thinking. Parents do this to their children. The self-policing of the human herd goes far deeper than people in uniform or administrators of government. It starts with conditioned parents who impose their conditioning on their children and press ure them to follow their religious, political, economic, and...
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...Abu-Dhabi, which is the largest of these emirates and it covers more than three-fourths of the federations’ total land area. Abu-Dhabi is the centre of the UAE’s oil industry. UAE’s official languageand religion is Arabic and Islam. Dubai, which is also part of the seven emirates is the centre of commerce and finance, and it houses hundreds and hundreds of multinational corporations in a pool of skyscrapers. The other emirates of the UAE which are smaller than Abu-Dhabi and Dubai, are Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al-Quwayn, Ras al-khaimah and Al-Fujairah. The population of the UAE is almost 90% filled with expatriates from Asia; constituting the largest of these groups, Africa, and Europe and other Arabians. 2.1. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE It didn’t take long to find out why expatriates did not want to leave this amazing country, called the United Arab Emirates. The reason for this research is to: * Explore on the country’s lifestyle, its way of living, why people from other countries find it very comfortable here, despite its high standard of living. The main reason as to why people come to UAE to settle down is basically because of business. UAE’s lifestyle is believed by so many to be luxurious which is unarguably obvious from the surface. 2.2. UAE’s TRADITIONAL CULTURE The United Arab Emirates is home to a rich cultural heritage that has been strongly influenced by the resourcefulness of its people who exploited the harsh environment of the...
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...THE CONSEQUENCES OF MASS COMMUNICATION Cultural and Critical Perspectives on Mass Media and Society Kirk Hallahan ii For Jean and Jenna Copyright info to be set by McGraw-Hill. iii Foreward This book is a brief survey of contemporary ideas about the cultural impact of mass media on society. The use of consequences in the title reflects the fact that most cultural researchers prefer this term (instead of media effects) to describe media's influence on human experience. During the past 30 years, culture has emerged as a major theoretical framework in which to investigate media. Chapter I examines how media influence culture generally, as suggested by various contemporary media scholars and others. Chapter II then focuses on critical-cultural theories about the nature of media power and its potentially negative influence. This book can adopted as a supplementary text in introductory mass media courses along with a survey text such as Joseph R. Dominick's The Dynamics of Mass Communication (available from McGraw-Hill). It also can serve as a foundational text for other assigned readings in advanced courses dealing with mass media and society, communication theory, or cultural studies. Students are encouraged to focus thoughtfully on the main ideas, not attempt to merely memorize details. Important concepts and names appear in boldface and are defined in italics. The abridged Subject Index lists the page with the primary discussion of each topic. Sidebars throughout...
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