...living in a new society (de Castro, Gilbert & Takeuchi 2008). Like other European countries, Australia is also a very attractive destination for migrant workers. Migrants have been part of Australian society and the Australian workforce since colonisation began in 1788. However the migrant population at the time was of a predominantly European background. It was from the mid-nineteen century when Chinese, Pacific Islander, Lebanese, Afghan, Indian and European migrants arrived and settled in Australia. Due to the gradual liberalisation of Australian immigration policies, the ethnic composition of Australian migrants has shifted significantly, bringing in migrants from Southern Europe, Middle East, Asia and South America. Today well over 20% of Australians were born in another country, out of whom more than half came to Australia from non-English speaking countries in Europe, the Middle East, Asia and South America (Dept of Immigration). This essay will focus on the reasons behind the different workplace experiences of NESB employees; what...
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...behaviour that are characteristic of a particular social group or organization. According to (Immigration and Multiculturalism, n.d.), Australia is a country of migrants, originally from United Kingdom, which more than the path of two hundred years, displaced an original inhabitant and founded a liberal-democratic state. In the early days, Australians were disturbed by the subject of 'ethnicity'. For over fifty years, part of Australia ‘cultural issue' has been solved by implementing a rule of elimination. Australia changes their approach and at last discarded it in the late 1960s to enlarge its people after World War 2. From this environment, acceptance of a 'cultural diversity' guiding principle in 1970s was a past removal of the preceding procedure. Within the fundamental nature, cultural diversity not only evidenced and showed the growing multiculturalism of the country but as well as to hold and form it. Therefore, definition of “Multiculturalism promotes the integration of ethnic acceptance and respect for cultural diversity, community harmony and inclusion.” is true. Skilled labour is any worker who has acquired certain skill in their job or may have attended a college or technical school. An example of a skilled labour job is carpenters. Unskilled worker is a worker who has not acquired special skill or proficiency. If there is a shortage of migrant skills, the immigration restores the difference among labour supply and demand with no affect on local pay (Shah...
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...Bangladesh is the ninth largest country in the world by population (164.4 million people) and is one of the most densely populated. Almost half of its 164.4 million people live on less than US$1.25 a day (World Bank, 2005) and 80% on less than US$2.00 a day (DFID, 2011). The size and density of the population, together with regular extreme weather events, such as floods and cyclones, make the country extremely vulnerable to natural hazards becoming natural disasters. During the last ten years, 12 major natural disasters have impacted upon millions of people in Bangladesh, including floods in 2004, which affected 36 million people, and Cyclone Sidr in 2007, which affected over nine million people. Since 2000, US$430 million has been raised for disaster response with over half of it allocated to the humanitarian operation following Cyclone Sidr. Aside from a history of natural disasters, an estimated 300,000 refugees of the Muslim minority Rohinga ethnic group have fled from neighbouring Myanmar since being stripped of their citizenship in 1982, and are now resident in Bangladesh. Tens of thousands live in official and informal refugee settlements, while a far larger number live as ‘illegal economic migrants’ throughout Bangladesh. The Rohinga refugee crisis is often considered a ‘forgotten’ crisis. The frequency of disasters has prompted a strong domestic capacity working to prevent...
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...[pic] Университет за Национално и Световно Стопанство Направление: Икономика с преподаване на Английски език КУРСОВА РАБОТА тема : Economic immigration: the case of Spain Изготвил: Венелина Цветанова Каменова Фак. Ном.: 10114103 Преподавател: Кръстьо Петков 2010 година Съдържание Why did I choose this topic? I. Introduction 1. The term immigration 1.1 The term immigration and the general theories behind it 1.2. Economic migrant 2. Global immigration 3. Immigration in Europe 1. Immigration within Europe 2. Immigration from outside of Europe II. The case of Spain 1. Immigration laws and policies in Spain 2. Main countries from where people emigrate to Spain 1. Bulgarians in Spain 3. Main reasons for choosing Spain III. Conclusion The data used in this project is from year 2005. Why did I choose this topic? Watching half of my classmates applying in foreign universities and many of my friends and family choosing to live abroad in order to have “better life” made me wonder what the reasons behind the migrations are. I was interested in the scientific explanation behind the migration processes. This paper gave me the opportunity to understand the incentives behind people’s decisions and the main reasons, pushing people from our own country. And even if I didn’t choose the case of Spain for my topic it...
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...In recent years, Australia’s population has increased significantly due to immigration. The growth rate of its population was 2.1% in 2010, which is higher than that of in China, US and Canada. It is predicted to reach 36 million in 2050. However, both positive and negative impacts come into being because of ‘Big Australia’. It impacts on environmental, social and economical issues in Australia. This essay will examine the influences of high population growth rate in Australia, and it will determine whether the measures should be taken by Australia government so that the population growth will be decreased. Large immigration in Australia has positive outcomes. Encouraging migrants can fill opening in the Australia job market. For example, there are lots of scarce jobs in Australia, such as male nurses and teachers. Encouraging migrants attracts lots of people who have enrich work experience of those scarce jobs to come to Australia, as a result of it, the jobs of male nurses and teachers can be enriched. For instance, skilled migrants can fill jobs as the reason that Negative outcomes also need to be considered with the large immigration. Firstly, there are not enough water resources for those migrants to drink. Australia is a country of lacking water seriously, if too much migrants immigrate to Australia, there would be not enough water afforded to Australian residents and migrants. Secondly, the houses for migrants to live are not enough. If Australia government build...
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...In the article “Alien World” by Alexander Zaitchik (2009), the author makes a logical argument about how Mexico’s impoverished economy is heavily dependent on migrant workers and how it has affected an indigenous people. Zaitchik is a freelance journalist who is affiliated with Poverty Law, a U.S. organization that supports ethnic and racial tolerance. He also has published articles in the Prague Post, the Prague Pill, Reason, and the New Republic. Zaitchik’s article attempts to convey the idea that Mexico’s economy is forcing people to take desperate measures in order to survive. He uses his experience with a border crossing simulation as a way to lure the reader into the article. Zaitchik then proceeds to use statistical evidence to enlighten the reader about Mexico’s economic dependency on migrant workers. Zaitchik travelled to Mexico to learn about and participate in the border crossing simulation. He effectively uses his experience with the border crossing simulation, its participants, the Otomi people and his knowledge of the Mexican economy to effectively present his argument. Zaitchik’s personal experience and knowledge of the Otomi’s plight supplement his argument. He provides a series of facts and anecdotal evidence to show the emergence of a border crossing simulation in Mezquital Valley as a prelude to a bigger problem, Mexico’s economic dependency on migrant workers. Zaitchik states that the Otomi, the indigenous people of Mezquital Valley, lost 90% of their...
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...The migrant crisis Some of the biggest conflicts in the Middle East is where in Syria they are facing a civil war, a war between dictators, rebels and terrorists. The Syrian population got trapped between the regime, rebel groups and the religious extremists and now they seek aid. Over 4 million Syrians has fled the country and most of them has been recite in camps in the neighboring countries such as Turkey, Iraq, Egypt, Jordan and Lebanon. Saudi Arabia hasn’t welcomed one refugee. Around 750.000 migrants are estimated to have arrived by sea this year and seeks their settlement in Europe, Europe however wasn’t prepared for this. EU is facing their biggest migrant crisis since the Second World War. They weren’t prepared this high of a scale of refugees, a lot of the refugee’s camps in Middle East were crowded, unsupplied, so they decided to seek asylum in Europe. While arriving on their first European land they have to stay there for a while and that made the pressure bigger for the countries, since Greece where having an economic crisis from before, getting high amounts of refugees wouldn’t make their problems easier by any chance and couldn’t take care of so many people at once leading too depressive scenes of hunger. Many states refused to take in any refugees leaving the Border States alone in this crisis, instead of working together and unite in fact it got more divided. Germany were willing to accept all Syrian refugees and they are preparing to take inn 800.000...
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...The topic of immigration and multiculturalism is a highly debated one with pro- and anti- groups each presenting strong and applicable arguments towards why immigration is damaging or enriching. Immigration has both the ability to damage and enrich a host society, however the affect it has, ultimately depends on the attitudes, policies and beliefs of the society’s people. The reception of migration may be influenced by personal values and way of life of citizens, however it can also be seen to be hugely swayed by political leaders. This essay will demonstrate these points through explanation and the exploration of the thoughts of those, both anti- and pro- immigration with within Australia. It will highlight the assets which migration can provide Australia – economically and culturally and give reasons why anti-immigration policies would damage the society instead of enriching it. Reasons why immigration is seen in a negative light will also be addressed, including national identity loss, unemployment and negative economic effects. Over the last fifty years, Australia has encompassed a large-scale immigration policy predominantly “concerned with population building and importing human capital and skills,”(Jackubowicz 2006). Multiculturalism, strongly linked and interchangeably used with immigration came around as a term in the 1970’s and was initially strongly advocated politically. However in more recent years questions relating to whether or not multiculturalism should...
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...t- Multicultural ambition comes up against realrty ,dp Chris Bowen stigmatises legitimate debate about multiculturalism by labelling dissent "fashionable" ("What makes multiculturalism great is mutual respect", February 17). It is a facile evasion for him to argue that the Australian model is different to the European experience. On the contrary, nearly all criticism relates to the tension behveen values in multicultural to impose their own restrictive and alien standards on the society Fate of our state 1O will host a leaders' debate between Kristina Keneally and Barry O'Farrell at noon next Thursday. Readers are invited to submit questions on topics relevant to the state election. See smhrom.au for full details and conditions. Email questions, including your namq full home address and contact details, to nswclectlon@smhcom.au buried that is, The Herald and Channel Mor to sl Iamsu TonyA in the that has taken them in. The recent Melbourne terrorism trials show the reality ofthis threat. A misplaced sense of political correctness combined with a policy of turning a blind eye to these cultural challenges, and a bleating ofthe inaccurate charge of "racist" at anyone who dares to raise their concern, does little to the mir to stop work, when our day-to-day people were caused by weakness, encounters with some immigrants not a lack of compassion. confirm the lie of the multiculturMitchell Beston Woy Woy al utopia. g profits mining Shame Austral...
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...whether European nations should be allowing a larger number into their borders. Taking the UK as an example it could seem obvious to people that with already a housing shortage with only 100 000 new houses being built every year, when according to university research to cope with an ever growing population 240 000 new homes are needed each year allowing a large number of immigrants in doesn't make sense. In fact the governor of the Bank of England, complained that housebuilding in the UK was half that of his native Canada, despite the UK having a population twice the size. The common metaphor of trying to fit a square peg in a round hole could be applied to these facts. There are also some more ignorant arguments often heard against immigration. One of these is that many immigrants are coming to the country to claim benefits. In fact immigrants are less likely to with only 7% of immigrants claiming some sort of benefits compared to 15% of working age Britons. Regarding wages there is no evidence that immigrants bring down the average wages of a country but figures do show that for low-skilled jobs immigrants keep the wages low. Although yearly figures show that the populations in European countries are expanding the rate of growth is slowing down along with the fertility rate. Many countries in Europe are now experiencing ageing populations. According to the European Commission's 2015 aging report, the dependency ratio of over-65s to the economically active 15-64 age group...
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...They deported my brother because they say he is economic migrant not political refugee Huh! They know nothing about how they treat gypsies in Central Europe. But what do you know? How can you help me?” In this essay I will describe the client and my reactions to the client. What are power, rank, oppression, minority, racism, diversity, prejudices, and worldview? How I will work in anti- oppressive way. What I can offer this client. What difficulties I envisage. Conclusion. , An economic migrant is someone who comes from the EEA, and who makes a voluntary choice to leave their home country and seek work else where. They have a legal right to travel and to work in different countries within the EU. A political refugee is someone who flees from a stat or country or regime because their political views leave them in danger of persecution even death so that they flee to a friendly nation for protection. My client is a 22 year old Eastern European Caucasian male. He is of average height, has dark brown eyes and short jet black hair. His clothes of jeans, a sweat shirt and trainers are of a shabby appearance and he emits a strong unpleasant body odour. His spoken English is quite good although at times it is not always clear, so I feel that I will have to do a lot of clarification with him. At this stage I do not think it is necessary to have an interpreter, but should I deem it necessary at any stage for the benefit of my client and treatment outcome I will have one. Having...
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...of integrating into local working condition. Actually, 21 percent of Syrians who arrived in Germany in 2013-2014 have post-secondary education level while Germany’s average is about 23 percent (Kollewe,2016). This subtle difference would not put refugees out of the local labor market. They can be qualified to get a job and make contribution to the host countries’ economy. (4) When we assume that migrants are capable of finding a job, other people might argue that their arrival, which is a huge cheap labor force, would lead to depression of local wage rates as they increased the reservoir of manpower. In order to explore the problem more deeply, Stephen Nickell and Jumana Saleheen(2015) have carried out a paper about the impact of immigration on occupational wages. It is shown that there is a 10 percent rise in the share of migrants working in menial jobs such as cleaning. In addition, they have brought a two percent depression of wages for such position. We have to admit that their arrival leads to the wages depression, even though it is quite minuscule. It is true they might nudge low-educated natives out of grass-roots work, but they also motivated the displaced natives switched to job that requires less manual labor and sometimes with higher salaries (Foged & Peri,2015). Furthermore, from the previous experience of Turkey, refugees have also pushed formal wages up through increased demand for goods and services. It is reported that 26 percent of new registered business...
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...The migration of skilled individuals to other nations is referred as the brain drain or the human capital flight. This migration of talented individuals may be due to conflicts, lack of opportunity, or health hazards where they are living. In India, brain drain is more because educated individuals are emigrating for higher wages and better opportunities. It has been in our consciousness since 30 years and many bright youngsters have emigrated mainly to US from early 1960s onwards including a large fraction of the graduating class at IITs in India. Advantages The money the emigrants have sent back home has helped in alleviating poverty in their homes. It has resulted in less child labor, greater child schooling, more hours worked in self-employment and a higher rate of people starting capital intensive enterprises. The money remittances have also reduced the level and severity of poverty. Moreover, the money migrants sent back are spent more in investments such as education, health and housing, rather than on food and other goods. Disadvantages Due to the influence of brain drain, the investment in higher education is lost as the highly educated person leaves India and becomes an asset to other country. Also, whatever social capital the individual has been a part of is reduced by his or her departure. With all the college graduates leaving their homelands, it raises the question as to whether their skills are being put to good use in the destination country. The...
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...Employment Of Foreign Workers In Malaysia INDEX 1. Executive Summary 2. Introduction 3. Analysis 4. Challenges 5. Implications 6. Recommendations 7. Conclusion 8. References 1.0 Executive Summary The report investigates on the issue of employment of foreign workers in Malaysia. During the British colonial period in the early nineteenth century, Malaysia was a net receiver of foreign nationals who came to work in the plantations, mines, and construction sectors. Nowadays, rapid industrialization, urbanization, strong economic growth led to labour shortages in rural areas and plantation sectors due to rejection of locals to work in these industries. There are some changes and policy reforms since early 2000 regarding the employment of foreign workers, which includes: Amendments to the Employment Act and Equality in Treatment and Enforcement of Laws. There is also a proposel regarding Foreign Workers Act. The report analyses the advantages and disadvantages of employing foreign workers. Among the advantages are availability of low cost labour, willingness to work for long hours and availability of abundant foreign workforce. Nonetheless, there are also drawbacks to employing foreign workers including rapid expansion of population and increasing in level of unemployment of locals. The main issue is exploitation of foreign worker in Malaysia. Foreign workers are exploited by their employers in different ways, for instance, wage manipulation...
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...IN REFERENCE TO LEWIS COSER'S MASTERS OF SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT: IDEAS IN HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL CONTEXT, SOCIOLOGY In reference to Lewis Coser's Masters of Sociological Thought: Ideas in Historical and Social Context Sociology All throughout the history of humankind, people have moved in and out of places. According to an article, a group of people migrates because of a more favorable place or region or because of some adverse condition or combination of conditions in the home environment (Migration, 2006). The same article asserts that humans have migrated since they evolved in East Africa 6 to 2 million years ago and that their original differentiation into ethnic groups appears to have been the result of separate groups of people who migrated from central points of origin. Even in the Stone Age, however, this isolation was not complete, for migrations resulted in a complicated pattern of blood relationships through widely separated groups (Migration). The migration of people has led to accelerated mixing of stocks and mutual infusion of cultural and physical characteristics, including tools, habits, ideas, and forms of social organization, which have been prerequisites for the development of modern civilization (which would have taken place much more slowly if people did not move from place to place) (Migration). An example would be the use of horse which was introduced into the Middle East by Asian invaders, later spreading to Europe and the Americans (Migration)...
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