...problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. | A toddler may complain that they feel sick. At this stage, parents or caregivers are responsible for health management. Health promotion can be taught to toddlers by teaching the importance of personal hygiene and nutrition, ie. taking vitamins. | Preschoolers have an accurate perception about their own bodies, but do not understand yet that there are vital processes and organs internally. Preschoolers can localize and verbalize pain. | School-aged children have a good grasp on body systems and what’s occurring during illness. School-aged children are developing cognitively, therefore are beginning to understand concepts related to health promotion, such as importance of eating well and visiting the doctor. | | Toddlers have a higher instance of accidental injuries due to environmental hazards and developing bodies. Nutrition may be affected if caregivers are not knowledgeable about feeding their picky, growing toddler. | Caregivers are charged with the task of seeking medical attention for their preschooler, including keeping current with vaccinations. Children not vaccinated are at risk for disease. Preschoolers develop a concern about mortality and death. | Learning disabilities present during this stage of a child’s stage of development. School-age...
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...incorporating theories from Reggio Emilia, Creative Curriculum, and High Scope Curriculum along with including state standard activities to cover the main concepts for the core subjects to prepare for Kindergarten. Classroom environment and teaching strategies will incorporate philosophies and theories from Reggio Emilia, Creative Curriculum, High Scope Curriculum, and Piaget’s theory into a comprehensive curriculum design for preschoolers. When developing curriculum it is important for this age group to have several approaches. “Children ages 3–8 benefit from planned, teacher-guided, interactive small-group and large- group experiences” (NAEYC, 2009). “Reggio Emilia programs demonstrate how planning an environment is driven by respect for the rights of the child to a beautiful welcoming space that promotes relationships and attention to detail” (Jaruszewicz. 2012). Emergent curriculum introduces topics of study where lessons are child initiated and theme based on student’s interest. Another belief that I have started to practice is the importance of learned centered activities. I believe that with the environment being set up properly it can...
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...Tutorial for Preschoolers (Alphabet, Numbers, Shapes, Colors and Animals) SERVDAD, REYCHELLE A. CRUZ, MARY JOY B. RAMIREZ, CHERRY A. A project submitted to the Mr. Ronel E. Asas of the Department of Computer Studies, Imus Campus, Cavite State University, Imus, Cavite in partial fulfillment of the final requirements for the subject ITEC55- System Analysis and Design. INTRODUCTION Preschool is a time for developing good learning habits and positive self-esteem. The skills learned at this stage may seem simple but it will set a preschooler for a lifetime of learning. People around them must be aware that they are still trying to figure out the world and everyone must understand them for being distracted and unfocussed with their tutorials. The tutorial is designed to provide opportunities for users to learn essential information. (Meade,2011) Learning from preschool software can start as soon as children can effectively handle a mouse. Usually, around three or four years of age, preschoolers can readily spend up to a half an hour per day on the computer. Children like the independence and stimulation of interacting with computerize activities. If they are able to use a mouse, that was an indication that they are ready to get started. While using a computerize tutorial, children would not just sit and watch; they will laugh, learn, participate and explore. Parents will see smiles and hear giggles. It is an indication that their children are having fun and when their...
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...PLAY: It’s the way young children learn A special supplement to the Children’s Advocate, based on a policy brief from the Bay Area Early Childhood Funders (References at www.4children.org/play.htm) generation ago, kindergarten was supposed to get kids ready for school. But now everyone is talking about the importance of “school readiness” before kids get to kindergarten. That’s why many parents, anxious for their children to succeed in school, want early care and education programs to have children sit at tables using work sheets, drills, and flash cards to learn letters and numbers and even starting to read, add, and subtract. But preschoolers learn differently from school-age children: play is essential to early learning. Play is the main way children learn and develop ideas about the world. It helps them build the skills necessary for critical thinking and leadership. It’s how they learn to solve problems and to feel good about their ability to learn. Children learn the most from play when they have skilled teachers who are well-trained in understanding how play contributes to learning. Most child development experts agree that play is an essential part of a high-quality early learning program. Play is not a break from learning—it’s the way young children learn. A time following teachers’ instructions. Several studies have shown that children learn more from educational activities that support their own interests and ideas. Some researchers have found evidence that...
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...Advocating for Young Children: The Importance of Family Involvement in the Early Years Sharonda Gray Grand Canyon University: ECH 520 February 7, 2015 As an early childhood educator, I found that in order for a young child to be successful in their learning experiences, parents and caregivers would have to be actively involved in their education. I have seen, over the years, many parents/caregivers who didn’t understand the importance of being involved during the early years. Family involvement during the preschool years, ages 3 to 5, has proven to be just as important as their involvement, during the primary and elementary years. I have worked hard in trying to get the message across to the parents, in which I serve, that their involvement, during the early years, has a major impact on how well their children do throughout their learning experiences. Research has shown that families, who are involved in their child’s life, will have a positive effect on their social and cognitive development, especially in the early childhood settings. It has also shown, the stronger the family involvement, the more positive the results in their early years and school readiness. Educating parents, in the early childhood setting, about what family involvement is like can be somewhat challenging. Since now, we have to take into consideration values, attitudes and practices of their views on raising young children. For many years, there has been a major disconnect in the responsibility...
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...Obesity in the United States has become a serious national problem: if in 2001, 12 percent of children and adolescents had a body weight that is regarded obese, in 2011, that number rose to 17 percent (Ogden et al. 2014). Further, research indicates that obesity has impacted people across all genders, ethnicities, age groups, education and socio-economic levels (Cohen 2008; Mokdad et al. 1999; Williams 2011). According to Ebbling et al. (2002), obesity can harm children in many ways: it can affect hormonal system, heart and lungs, muscles and bones, kidneys and digestive tract, further leading to socio-emotional problems, such as depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. Obese children also are 70 to 80 percent more likely to become obese adults;...
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... Piaget, Erikson, Skinner, and Vygotsky took different approaches to child development. One’s theoretical perspective influences approaches to child development. The Jacksons are a young couple living in Centervale. They have approached Keith, the child development consultant, for advice on how to promote and nurture the cognitive development of their preschooler Jasmine. Watch the following video to learn more about the similarities and differences of developmental theories. Study of the Child: Theories of Development I, produced by Herzog, Milan & Herzog, Shanta (Learning Seed, 1997), 29:02 mins obtained from Alexander Street Press Education in Video from AUO Library. Compare and contrast the approaches of each of the four perspectives (Piaget, Erikson, Skinner, and Vygotsky). Explain how each theorist would approach the issue of cognitive development in early childhood. Describe how Keith’s advice to Jasmine’s parents might vary depending on his theoretical perspective. What role would society and family play in Jasmine’s cognitive development at this stage of development? What cultural, psychosocial and physical influences will be seen? Incorporate information learned in your readings and at least one peer-reviewed* article from the AUO library to support your conclusions. * Peer reviewed means an article from a reputable journal, which can be found in the library. Peer reviewed indicates that other professionals in the field have reviewed and deemed it worthy...
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...CSI COMPETENCY STATEMENT I To establish and maintain a safe, healthy learning environment As a teacher of young children I am aware of the need to provide a learning environment that helps children grow, develop and learn. As I reflect on my teaching practices, I make sure that I provide appropriate teaching strategies and services in each of the three Functional Areas below to meet Standard I. Safe - Each day, I make sure the environment is safe for the children in my care. The classroom is free of dangerous objects that can harm the children. All electrical outlets are covered, cleaning supplies/chemicals are stored in a locked cabinet, and the floor is checked throughout the day for unsafe conditions. The outdoor play areas are checked before the children go outside to play. The fire extinguisher, smoke detector, and other emergency equipment are checked monthly. I practice emergency drills monthly. I also keep a well-stocked first-aid kit available. Health - Good health habits are very important and must be practiced daily. The children and I practice good health habits throughout the day. We wash our hands before meals, after toileting, outside play, messy activities, etc. All tabletops, counters, chairs, etc. are sanitized daily at appropriate times. Toys are washed daily or more often if needed. Learning Environment - In my classroom, I make sure all toys are within the children's reach. All materials are displayed on low labeled shelves. My...
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... This is useful information if we want to foster meaningful interactions between children with and without exceptionalities in the inclusive classroom. If some children are using more complex play skills, children with exceptionalities may not be able to keep up if they are unable to play at the same level. This could result in a decrease in the amount of social interaction that takes place between children and to some extent exceptional children may become alienated within the classroom. Exceptional children who are physically present in the classroom but do not belong (their presence isn’t valued) are known as squatters (Kliewer, 1998). In an inclusive classroom all students should be full citizens; Rapp and Arndt (2012) discuss the importance of this. Kliewer (1998) outlines four principles of citizenship: believing in one’s own ability to think, believing in one’s individuality, belief in the reciprocity of relationships and a shared social place. If we apply this to play, we believe that exceptional children have the ability to play in increasingly creative and intricate ways and each student bring something unique to their play experience. When playing with others all students benefit equitably and students with exceptionalities...
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...1.0 INTRODUCTION Recently, obesity has become an epidemic in America. The condition has accelerated in the past thirty to fifty years, and its health effects are devastating.Obesity among American youth has doubled in the past 3 decades , and now more than two-thirds of U.S. adults are overweight or obese (Ogden et al., 2014). However, obesity has also become a major public health problem in many parts of the world too. According to the findings published in the journal Circulation, worldwide 40 percent of men and 30 percent of women are now overweight, and 24 percent of men and 27 percent of women are obese .In Malaysia,reports reveals that 49 percent of women and 44 percent of men in Malaysia were found to be obese (The Lancet,2014). As the sayings goes “the longer your waist line, shorter your lifeline.” U.N. World Health Organization report reveals that overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risk for global deaths. At least 2.8 million adults die each year as a result of being overweight or obese. However, the number of children who are obese is also growing at an alarming rate. Globally, in 2010 the number of overweight children under the age of five is estimated to be over 42 million. Currently, in Malaysia, 1 in every 5 school-going children is overweight or obese. In this paper,the first part we will discuss about what is obesity.The second part,we will explain the causes of childhood obesity.Lastly,we will suggest a few ideas can be implemented...
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...Music is a tool that is used on a daily basis in preschool classrooms. Review Of Literature Similar to natural language abilities, children are born with natural musical ability, which varies from child to child. Music is used in a variety of families with young children for multiple purposes (Custodero, 2006). When researchers study babies, the process of how music is used by parents and children is of great interest to both scholars and parents. Americans tend to view music as a pre-lingual skill, and risk valuing music only for its later beneficial effects on children’s literacy. It has been found that phonological processing and early reading ability are significantly correlated with music perception skills among preschoolers (Anvari,...
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...maintain healthy body weights. When President Obama signed the “Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act 2010,” the United States of America was boomed with information on how to reduce childhood obesity. The United States Department of Agriculture has taken this serious situation in their hands and are working hard to provide students with healthy meals in school. Since 2012, the US Department of Agriculture (usda.gov, 2014) has increased the amount of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains offered and have reduced the amount of sodium and fats cooked in school meals. Schools are also offering lessons in schools, for example, that teach students of any age the importance of measuring and eating proper nutritious foods, and increasing their activity levels every day. Different institutions also take the initiative and provide physical education and after school programs to students, where students are able learn and participate in different sports; such as: football, baseball, basketball, cheerleading and dance just to name a few (choosemyplate.gov, 2015). If children and adolescents do not have access to these...
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...may not be an accurate diagnosis for minors. Thousands of children are prescribed antipsychotic drugs without proper medical assessments. I have a two and half year old son and I would not be willing to put him on any mental health drug unless I was absolutely certain it was necessary. These mental health drugs can cause suicidal thinking and behavior. It can also lead to an altered personality, or lack thereof. These drugs can be harmful to brain and physical development in younger children. According to the U.S. Surgeon General (2000), as many as 1 in 10 American children and adolescents a year have “significant functional impairment” as a result of a mental health disorder. The trends in administering psychotropic medication to young children are on a rise in the U.S. Since psychotropic medications are substances that affect brain chemicals related to mood and behavior (NIMH, 2009). These trends have caused a great deal of debate. All parties without an economic agenda agree that there should be more research and education in the treatment and assessment of mental health illnesses. Currently, many people are in agreement that mental health drug regulations for minors should be monitored more closely and that more research is needed about the effects of these drugs in younger children. The National Institute of Mental Health recognizes that more needs to be...
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...CHILD PSYCHOLOGY (First part) Module 1 Q.No: 1.What is the six sensitive periods? Write seven or eight lines on each of them. Answer: A child from the conception time has a various developments such as learning a language, developing a culture or mathematical mind. At certain periods of time, these aspects become vibrant and highly active. Dr. Maria Montessori describes this periods of time as the sensitive periods. These sensitive periods are the blocks of time in a child’s life. A child has different sensibilities which enables him to choose what is necessary for his growth from his surroundings. The child has an interest in repeating some actions in order to make it perfect because practice makes a child perfect in all the actions that he does. These periods can be seen in a child only till a particular time of his growth. If the right assistance and environment is not given during this period then the mental development of the child is retarded. The child will start losing his interest towards the procedure of learning new things. That’s the reason Dr. Maria Montessori insists that the adult should help the child according to each stages of growth, development and the period of sensitivity. Dr. Maria Montessori observed six sensitive periods in a child’s growth. They are · Period for sensitivity to order · Period for Refinement of senses · Period of sensitivity to Language · Period of sensitivity for Walking · Period of sensitivity for Small Objects · Period of sensitivity...
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...The child I chose for this project is a five year old little girl who is in kindergarten. She is classified as the Preschooler (purpose) Initiative vs. Guilt under Erickson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development. She is very imaginative. She plays with dolls as though they are her little family and she is there mother. She likes to dress up as if she has created her own magical world. She looks up to her mother greatly. She wants to be just like her mom. If mom has her hair done with makeup on, she wants her hair and nails done as well. She initiates play and conversation very easily. She loves planning parties for her dolls and she enjoys playing games. The mother stated she will sometimes cheat during a game but feels so guilty she ends up telling on herself. The child is current on all immunizations. She has received Hep B vaccine at birth and two months, three doses of DTap, RV, PCV, IPV from birth to six months. From ages 12-18 months she receives MMR, Varicella, Hep A. The child will receive DTap, MMR, IPV, and Varicella at six years old. Future immunizations she can look forward to are MMV, TDap, as well as the HPV vaccine if the mother chooses to have her daughter receive it. That vaccine will consist of a total of three one will be two months after initial dose and the last will be six months after initial dose. The child has met the expected developmental milestones of a normal five year old from my observation. The child was able to count to 100; she was also able...
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