... 3.0 | Financial Analysis | 7 | 4.0 | Credit Risk | 14 | 5.0 | Liquidity Risk | 24 | 6.0 | Operational Risk | 27 | 7.0 | Market Risk | 30 | 8.0 | Shariah Risk | 34 | 9.0 | Capital Requirement | 36 | 10.0 | Conclusion | 39 | 11.0 | References | 39 | 1.0 INTRODUCTION CIMB Islamic was officially launched by Malaysia’s Bank Negara Governor Tan Sri Dato' Dr Zeti Akhtar Aziz in June 2003. Since then, CIMB Islamic has won numerous accolades for its innovative Shariah-compliant solutions. It providing the consumer market with an Islamic alternative for deposit accounts and financing. CIMB Islamic offers a range of deposit and investment products to help manage business cash flow and cash reserves more effectively such as Wadiah Current Account-I, Fixed Return Income Account-I, and Special Investment Account-I. The money will only be invested in Shariah-Compliant activities. In the context risk, risk refers to the probability of loss. Risk actually elucidates the probability that an actual return on an investment will be lower than the expected return. Bank will dealing with high risk leading to high return or vise versa that can be manage, but not eliminate. Global trends are leading to the rising importance of risk management in financial institutions. Banking become for more complex markets such as global markets, greater product complexity, new businesses like e-banking or merchant banking, increasing...
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...organizational culture appropriability construct DefinitionSave to FavoritesSee Examples The values and behaviors that contribute to the unique social and psychological environment of an organization. Organizational culture includes an organization's expectations, experiences, philosophy, and values that hold it together, and is expressed in its self-image, inner workings, interactions with the outside world, and future expectations. It is based on shared attitudes, beliefs, customs, and written and unwritten rules that have been developed over time and are considered valid. Also called corporate culture, it's shown in (1) the ways the organization conducts its business, treats its employees, customers, and the wider community, (2) the extent to which freedom is allowed in decision making, developing new ideas, and personal expression, (3) how power and information flow through its hierarchy, and (4) how committed employees are towards collective objectives. It affects the organization's productivity and performance, and provides guidelines on customer care and service, product quality and safety, attendance and punctuality, and concern for the environment. It also extends to production-methods, marketing and advertising practices, and to new product creation. Organizational culture is unique for every organization and one of the hardest things to change Organizational culture is the collective behavior of humans who are part of an organization and the meanings that the...
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...LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT 2.0 OBJECTIVES: In this unit, an attempt has been made to understand the following aspects of liquidity management: ● Definition of Liquidity ● Dimensions and Role of Liquidity Risk Management ● Measuring and Managing Liquidity ● Measurement of Liquidity through Ratio Analysis 2.1 INTRODUCTION: The objectives of ALM are two fold: ensuring profitability and ensuring liquidity. Liquidity which is represented by the quality and marketability of assets and liability exposes the organization to liquidity risk. Unlike other risks like interest rate risk, market risk, operational risk etc. that can threaten the very solvency of the bank, liquidity risk is a normal aspect of every day management of a financial institution. In extreme cases, liquidity problems translate into solvency risk problems. As such, bankers should be more aware of the need for bank liquidity. 2.2 DEFINITION: Banks need liquidity to meet deposit withdrawals and to fund loan demands. The variability of loan demand and variability of deposit determine a bank’s liquidity needs. Liquidity represents the bank’s ability to accommodate decreases in liability and to fund increases in assets. A bank is said to have sufficient liquidity when it can obtain sufficient funds either by increasing liabilities or by converting assets, promptly at a reasonable cost. 2.3 DIMENSIONS & ROLE OF LIQUID & RISK MANAGEMENT: Bank’s liquidity management is the process of generating...
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...dollars in value; nevertheless, CEO Jane Mendillo wants to evaluate the allocation of the portfolio before the next board meeting, looking at liquidity, risk profile, and type of management. HMC’s main objective is to preserve the real value of the endowment and its income distribution in perpetuity. In order to do this, they require annual real returns around 5.5%. The endowment has grown tremendously over the past 30 years; however at the same time, so has the endowment spending. The key question in this case is whether HMC has an appropriate method for investing and developing the endowment, considering their objectives and the University needs. Liquidity and risk is essential to HMC, and by increasing internal management of the endowment, liquidity will increase and risk might decrease. HMC should also consider reducing their dependence on U.S.-based assets. Harvard’s reliance on the endowment is increasing; between 1980 and 2009, Harvard’s endowment spending, as a percentage of the total budget, increased from 15% to 38%. Mendillo is concerned that HMC is largely exposed to illiquid assets (2009: 60% requires more than one year to liquidate), while these assets no longer offer meaningful excess returns. This might indicate that HMC should shift some investment focus, in order to include more liquid assets; also, Mendillo argues for a Liquidity Benchmark to be able to take advantage of investment opportunities arising in volatile markets. However, looking at the Policy Portfolio...
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...Bank of Queensland’s liquidity and credit risk management during 2000 and 2010. The report first deals with liquidity risk. It starts with analysing liquidity risk by using various ratios such as quick ratio, financing gap etc. It then followed by evaluate the management of liquidity risk within 11years respectively. After comparing the actual ratio and real management, recommendations are provided. Similar analysis to credit risk, it is first analysed through expert system, loan credit rating and derivative financial instruments to evaluate BOE’s credit risk management. Finally, recommendations for improving risk management are provided. Most information we obtained from the company annual reports, bank homepages, textbook and relevant database such as Finanalysis and Bankscope. Thus, the information we provided is reliable. Table of Content 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………… 5 1.1 Background of Bank of Queensland …………………………………………………5 1.2 Structure……………………………………………………………………………… 5 2. Liquidity Risk………………………………………………………………………… 6 2.1 Causes of liquidity Risk………………………………………………………………6 2.2 Measurement of liquidity risk………………………………………………………8 2.2.1 Quick ratio………………………………………………………………………… 8 2.2.2 Financing gap………………………………………………………………………… 9 2.2.3 Liquidity Ratio………………………………………………………………………… 9 2.2.4 Non-Core Fund Dependent Ratio……………………………………………………10 2.3 Management of liquidity risk…………………………………………………………12 ...
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...BBA 14th Batch Fundamentals of Business Finance Course Code B 201 Department of Banking University of Dhaka [pic] [pic] Prepared for Mrs. Hasina Sheykh Associate Professor Department of Banking (DU) Prepared by [pic] |ID NO |Name | |059 |Farhanaz Luna (Leader) | |091 |Nesat Santa Rahman | |099 |Shaharin sultana | |006 |Zarin Tasnim | |102 |Humaira Sadia | |008 |Sajia Akter Moury | [pic] To Mrs Hasina Sheykh Associate Professor Dept. of Banking University of Dhaka Sub: Submission of Term Paper Dear Sir, It is our pleasure to submit term paper on Assessing financial health of banks in Bangladesh: A case of “Dutch Bangla Bank Limited” as a part of our B.B.A. Program. We tried our best to gather relevant...
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...Financial Risk: Key Fundamentals and Case Studies Leonard Chumo, CFA, FRM Strathmore University GARP Chapter Meeting 29th July 2011 Agenda 1. Background 2. Credit Risk and the Case of Washington Mutual 3. Operational Risk and the Case of Rogue Brokers in Kenya and Barings 4. Market Risk and the Case of LTCM 5. Liquidity Risk and the Case of Northern Rock 6. Q&A BACKGROUND Main Types of Financial Risk Risk Type Definition Credit Risk The potential that a bank's borrower or counterparty will fail to meet its obligations in accordance with agreed terms. Market Risk The risk that movements in market prices will adversely affect the value of on- or off-balance sheet positions. The risk is attributable to movements in interest rates, foreign exchange (FX) rates, equity prices or prices of commodities. Operational Risk Risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, or from external events. The definition includes legal risk, but excludes reputational and strategic risk. Liquidity Risk Liquidity is the ability to fund increases in assets and meet obligations as they become due. It is crucial to the ongoing viability of any organization. Source: Financial Stability Institute CREDIT RISK AND THE CASE OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL Sources of Credit Risk Apart from traditional types of loans, credit risk can also be found in a bank's: Investment portfolio ...
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...Risk Management Analysis for Air NZ Abstract Recent financial theories argued firms can increase their values through hedging by reducing taxable income, agency cost and the cost of financial distress. This report provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of corporate risk management for the company Air New Zealand. We uses a time series OLS regression model. The fair value of derivatives is used as dependent variable to measure the extent of financial instrument usage. The result shows that the use of derivatives by Air NZ fails to add value to the company. FINA781 Report Page 1 1. Introduction Air New Zealand Limited is the national airline and flag carrier of New Zealand. Based in Auckland, New Zealand, the airline operates scheduled passenger flights to 56 destinations locally and internationally. Air New Zealand is a member of the Star Alliance global airline alliance, having joined in 1999. Air New Zealand originated in 1940 as Tasman Empire Airways Limited (TEAL), a flying boat company operating trans-Tasman flights between New Zealand and Australia. TEAL became wholly owned by the New Zealand government in 1965, whereupon it was renamed Air New Zealand. The airline was largely privatized in 1989, but returned to majority government ownership in 2001 after a failed tie up with Australian carrier Ansett Australia. As of 2008, Air New Zealand carries 11.7 million passengers annually. Do hedging create firm value has been a popular topic argued through...
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...Thesis for the Degree of Master of...? INCORPORATING LIQUIDITY RISK INTO VAR MODEL TO IMPROVE RISK MANAGEMENT AND APPLYING THE LIQUIDITY ADJUSTED VALUE AT RISK MODEL ON VIETNAMESE STOCK MARKET Student: Ten truong: Ten khoa hoc: September, 2012 INCORPORATING LIQUIDITY RISK INTO VAR MODEL TO IMPROVE RISK MANAGEMENT AND APPLYING THE LIQUIDITY ADJUSTED VALUE AT RISK MODEL ON VIETNAMESE STOCK MARKET by student Avised by Ten giao su Submitted to Ten khoa of Ten truong in the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of ...? Dissertation Committee ...Ten thanh vien hoi dong ABSTRACT In this paper, based on Bangia et. al (1999) Liquidity Adjusted Value at Risk, an explanation and demonstration for the importance of integrate liquidity risk component into Value at Risk Model are presented. The component is considered to be resulted from the exogenous liquidity risk, indeed, the bid-ask spread of a stock or a portfolio. This research is conducted from the analysis of an estimation of Value at Risk (VaR) and Liquidity adjusted Value at Risk for two portfolios containing stocks that are currently trading on Vietnamese Stock Market. After applying the Bangia Model to calculate, the backtesting will be executed to check the accuracy level of the results. The difference between the results of two portfolios, according to separate approaches will be the evidence to reach the conclusion of the research. Table of Contents List of...
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...------------------------------------------------- 1.0 INTRODUCTORY PART 1.1 Introduction: Every Financial Institute irrespective of its size is generally exposed to market liquidity and interest rate risks in connection with the process of Asset Liability Management. Failure to identify the risks associated with business and failure to take timely measures in giving a sense of direction threatens the very existence of the institution. It is, therefore, important that the strategic decision makers of an organization assume special care with regard to the Balance Sheet Risk management and should ensure that the structure of the institute’s business and the level of Balance Sheet risk it assumes are effectively managed, appropriate policies and procedures are established to control the direction of the organization. The whole exercise is with the objective of limiting these risks against the resources that are available for evaluating and controlling liquidity and interest rate risk. Asset Liability Management (ALM) can be defined as a mechanism to address the risk faced by a bank due to a mismatch between assets and liabilities either due to liquidity or changes in interest rates. Liquidity is an institution’s ability to meet its liabilities either by borrowing or converting assets. Apart from liquidity, a bank may also have a mismatch due to changes in interest rates as banks typically tend to borrow short term (fixed or floating) and lend long term (fixed or floating). A comprehensive...
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...Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Basel III: The Liquidity Coverage Ratio and liquidity risk monitoring tools January 2013 This publication is available on the BIS website (www.bis.org). © Bank for International Settlements 2013. All rights reserved. Brief excerpts may be reproduced or translated provided the source is cited. ISBN 92-9131- 912-0 (print) ISBN 92-9197- 912-0 (online) Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 Part 1: The Liquidity Coverage Ratio ..................................................................................... 4 I. Objective of the LCR and use of HQLA......................................................................... 4 II. Definition of the LCR ..................................................................................................... 6 A. Stock of HQLA ..................................................................................................... 7 1. 2. Operational requirements ........................................................................... 9 3. Diversification of the stock of HQLA.......................................................... 11 4. B. Characteristics of HQLA ............................................................................. 7 Definition of HQLA .................................................................................... 11 Total net cash outflows...
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...112 Sultanate of Oman CONTENTS Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Chapter 2 PROFITABILITY MANAGEMENT RATIOS Chapter 3 LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT Chapter 4 INTEREST RATE RISK MANAGEMENT Chapter 5 CAPITAL ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT Chapter 6 CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT Chapter 7 COST MANAGEMENT Chapter 8 INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS Chapter 9 CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES Summary The objective of the study is to calculate the important financial ratios of major commercial banks in Oman and compare their financial management practices as indicated by the ratios. The study also compares ratios of commercial banks in Oman with ratios of other banks in developed countries so that it throws up not only intra country performance comparisons but also cross country comparisons which makes study all the more useful. For the purpose of the study data was drawn from the balance sheets and income statements of commercial banks. The study uses data from December 1997 to December 2004 for the profitability ratios part of the study. For studying liquidity, interest rate risk, capital adequacy etc the study uses the data from December 2000 to 2004. For purposes of international comparisons data was drawn from various internet based sources and from the “Banker” Journal. The ratios used in the study are divided into five broad groups: Liquidity Management Ratios Interest Rate Risk Management Ratios Credit Risk Management Ratios Capital Account Management Ratios ...
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...of a financial system, where the commercial banks play a very important role, emphasize the very special need of a strong and effective control system with extra concern for the risk involved in the business. Globalization, Liberalization and Privatization have opened up a new methods of Financial transaction where risk level is very high. In banks and financial institutions risk is considered to be the most important factor of earnings. Therefore they have to balance the Relationship between risk and return. In reality we can say that management of financial institution is nothing but a management of risk managing financial risk systematically and professionally becomes an even more important task. Rising global competition, increasing deregulation, introduction of innovative products and delivery channels have pushed risk management to the forefront of today's financial landscape. Ability to gauge the risks and take appropriate position will be the key to success. It can be said that risk takers will survive, effective risk managers will proper and risk averse are likely to perish. The risk arises due to uncertainties, which in turn arise due to changes taking place in prevailing economic, social and political environment and lack...
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...Financial Institutions Center Commercial Bank Risk Management: an Analysis of the Process by Anthony M. Santomero 95-11-C THE WHARTON FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS CENTER The Wharton Financial Institutions Center provides a multi-disciplinary research approach to the problems and opportunities facing the financial services industry in its search for competitive excellence. The Center's research focuses on the issues related to managing risk at the firm level as well as ways to improve productivity and performance. The Center fosters the development of a community of faculty, visiting scholars and Ph.D. candidates whose research interests complement and support the mission of the Center. The Center works closely with industry executives and practitioners to ensure that its research is informed by the operating realities and competitive demands facing industry participants as they pursue competitive excellence. Copies of the working papers summarized here are available from the Center. If you would like to learn more about the Center or become a member of our research community, please let us know of your interest. Anthony M. Santomero Director The Working Paper Series is made possible by a generous grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Commercial Bank Risk Management: An Analysis of the Process 1 This Version: February 28, 1997 Abstract: Throughout the past year, on-site visits to financial service firms were conducted to review and evaluate their financial...
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...Financial Institutions Center Commercial Bank Risk Management: an Analysis of the Process by Anthony M. Santomero 95-11-C THE WHARTON FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS CENTER The Wharton Financial Institutions Center provides a multi-disciplinary research approach to the problems and opportunities facing the financial services industry in its search for competitive excellence. The Center's research focuses on the issues related to managing risk at the firm level as well as ways to improve productivity and performance. The Center fosters the development of a community of faculty, visiting scholars and Ph.D. candidates whose research interests complement and support the mission of the Center. The Center works closely with industry executives and practitioners to ensure that its research is informed by the operating realities and competitive demands facing industry participants as they pursue competitive excellence. Copies of the working papers summarized here are available from the Center. If you would like to learn more about the Center or become a member of our research community, please let us know of your interest. Anthony M. Santomero Director The Working Paper Series is made possible by a generous grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Commercial Bank Risk Management: An Analysis of the Process 1 This Version: February 28, 1997 Abstract: Throughout the past year, on-site visits to financial service firms were conducted to review and evaluate their financial...
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