...The Mission- A Review History of Christian Missions CHHI657 B01 201220 The Mission a film directed by Roland Joffe, recounts the tales of the Guarani Indians of Paraguay. In the paragraphs that follow we will look through the lens of the film and reflect on missions in the context of the colonial expansion that was taking place. Secondly the mission strategy of the Jesuits will be un-wrapped. Lastly it will be noted the attention to culture and the challenges of the work which goes hand in hand with the over all strategy. The film brings this time in history to life and paints a beautiful picture in the mind of the viewer of what took place. The whole encounter with the Guarani Indians was set in motion long before anyone outside of Paraguay knew they existed. The Spanish and Portuguese sought new lands in Central and South America. As they quested after these lands three things took place conquest, settlement, and evangelization[1]. The peoples of these lands were then subjects under the dominion of Christian Kings to whom the Pope had given sovereignty. Columbus took his first voyage in 1492, and by1515 the occupation of the West Indies was complete. With every expedition or quest and conquest came friars and priests. A good portion of the work was done by the Franciscans and the Dominicans, and later the Jesuits. The most notable for the Jesuits was Paraguay. In the beginning the work of the Jesuits suffered a lot from the hostility of the colonists. The colonists...
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...When looking back at films in Hollywood, we often believe that the African Americans, the Jews, or the Chinese have been portrayed the worst however, when it comes to the Native Americans there is no comparison on how hateful and unwholesome the movie industry has been to them. Not only through films has this group been deteriorated but also throughout history, the Americans have fully taken over everything that they had from their land to their culture and reinvented it in a way in which we pleased. The white people of Europe and the United States of America have always been against the “Red faces” throughout time and film has been the pivotal way in which the world sees this. Native Americans in film have been represented as the bad people whether it is in Disney animations or in documentaries and in each film it ends with the American white colonialized people taking over. The world started loving the Indian’s when film showed everybody that they were free spirited people who acted as mythological human beings because they come off to the audience as people who have magical powers and speak very rarely. Films would show Indian men riding and fighting while horse back riding and this was something that the average white person was not accustomed to, neither be the Native Americans. People that were not ethnic would go to films and watch as these silent films with Indians acting as heroes and it made being Native American something that the white man wanted to be. This...
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...WITHIN Atipol Sukrisadanon As a pile of schoolwork wore me out, I thought I could not enjoy the film Earth my beloved teacher arranged in my graduate class at all. In fact, I watched a short intro of the film before, but it didn’t even interest me. However, at the end of the class, my classmates’ reaction toward the film wiped out my stagnation. I recognized that I had misjudged the film by its very few minutes and I started to watch the film again as I felt I didn’t belong to them. Based on Bapsi Sidhwa’s Cracking India, Earth is an Indian film directed by Deepa Mehta launched in 1998. It is the second part of her Elements Trilogy which consists of Fire, Earth, and Water. The story is narrated through the voice of Lenny (Maia Sethna) who is from an affluent Parsee family. She has a close relationship with her nanny, Shanta (Nandita Das) who is passionately involved with the Muslim masseur (Rahul Khanna). The Ice Candy Man (Aamir Khan) who also adores Shanta is disappointed for her choice and finally their complicated relationship causes the unexpected disaster of friendship, love, politics, and religions. Lahore is part of the borderlines between India and Pakistan. When the British Empire in India started to collapse in 1947, the haste independence caused turmoil in the partition of Indian Subcontinent. Even though the United Kingdom declared the independence to Indian Subcontinent, did India and Pakistan gain their so-called independence? Is it strange? The historical...
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...the pre-colonial era, communities under the leadership of ethnic chiefs controlled tribes and extracted resources that were only within their territories. More land was unoccupied thus attracting other foreign immigrants who, moved in search of better resources and experiences. It is in the spirit of discovery and colonization, this article puts into perspective the development of a new state of Virginia in America. Precisely at Jamestown, as it is told through a film called “The New World”, directed by Terrence Mallick, and a story book called “The General History of Virginia, New England, and The Summer Isles”, by Smith (pg.57-69). This article analyses the two sources, the film and the book as their stories are related by both explaining the discovery and development of Jamestown and Virginia. This region has been captured in these two sources as a new territory that was conquered by the actor, John Smith as a captain of a ship and navy that sailed to Virginia in the 17th century (pg.57-69). The book “The General History of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles”, by Mr. John Smith. John Smith himself writes this book, where he reveals all the developments of the story in the third-person language. The book...
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...Divyanshu Rastogi 0134/52 Abstract The case talks about the opportunities and problems that the Indian film makers face in reaching out to the international film business and market. It provides a historical view by detailing the journey of the cinema and how Hollywood emerged as the global leader in the film industry worldwide by the 1920’s. Although some movie industries were sustained in other regions including the United Kingdom and France, their films and offerings had restricted international appeal and audience. It also focuses on the rise and development of the Indian film industry and the entire industry as well. Bollywood films, which are made in Mumbai usually are the most famous and acknowledged amongst the Indian film industry which also includes other genres like Tollywood, which constitutes of the movies made in the state of Andhra Pradesh (and now Telangana as well) and caters to Telugu films. The Bollywood movies are generally melodramatic and musical. There are other local language films made in Tamil Nadu and West Bengal as well. Bollywood films in specific have done well in Southeast Asia and are fairly popular amongst the Indian populace. It also brings to light the challenge of whether Indian content films can rival with Hollywood in international markets and to how extensively a modification in content is required for this approach to be successful. History of the World cinema The Cinema first came into existence in France in 1894. It was Louis Lumiere...
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...India can be found in history for thousands of years. Music is an emotional trigger and is an essential aspect of people’s lifestyles in India. Music and dance are there own dialect, articulating delicate feelings and distinguished opinions. While inherently developing with the vibrant energies of the past and imaginative inspiration of leaders, these rituals have preserved the truthfulness of their culture. Their commitment was to develop mankind through artistic occurrences and indulgence. Spectators across the globe enjoy the lush tone of Indian music and the poise of Indian dance. A very popular dance in India is Bharatanatyam. Bharatanatyam has numerous aspects to the dance. The dance contains, but is not limited to, body placement, facial placement, hand movements, footwork, outfits, tune, and matters of enactments. Because Bharatanatyam is so established, all of these pieces of the skill have been collected, and are acknowledged in prehistoric writings as well as current records. “Our description of Bharatanatyam is intended for a spectator, and one who is relatively unfamiliar with the dance, as opposed to a dance student, professional, or scholar” (Indian Mirror). “There are two kinds of movements in Bharatanatyam – abstract and expressive. The abstract movements are done to show rhythm, to provide decoration, and to create beauty. There is no purpose but movement for its own sake. Expressive movements convey meaning and show emotion, through a vocabulary of hand...
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...Q-1: How has indian film industry evolved through ages? A : Indian Cinema has completed 100 years of its inception in this very year. In the last 100years, the cinema has evolved genre wise and also technologically from black and white and silent to coloured and with special sound effect. When we talk about Indian film industries, the current scenario is very different from past due to change in technology. Today Indian film industries playing an important role in Indian economy. We can divided Indian film industries into four major parts according to ages. 1. 1920-1950 (The early days of Indian cinema) 2. 1950-1960 (A golden age of Indian cinema) 3. 1970-1980 (The angry young man awakens) 4. 1990-2000 (Bollywood gains global popularity) 1- 1920-1950 Those days was starting days of Indian cinema. At that time in 1913 the first Indian silent film Raja Harishchandra´ was produced by Dhundiraj Govind Phalke who is known as Dada Saheb Phalke. The most remarkable thing that happened in Indian film industries was in 1931 ,when india‘s first talkie , Alam Ara ´,directed by Ardesh Irani was realesed. Ist colour film was Kisan Khaniya´ in 1937. 2- 1950-1960 All time most popular films was produced during this period like Rajkapoor’s Awara in 1951, Guru Dutt’s Pyaasa in 1957, Kagaj ke Phool in 1959. Also some most momentous films of this period were Mughaleazam, Sahib Biwi aur Ghulam, Guide, etc. 3- 1970-1980 This decade was dominated by artist like Rajesh...
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...Beginning and Evolution of film industry in sub-continent Introduction:- Film is a term that encompasses motion pictures as individual projects, as well as the field in general. The origin of the name comes from the fact that photographic film has historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the cinema and the movies. Films are produced by recording actual people and objects with cameras, or by creating them using animation techniques and/or special effects. They comprise a series of individual frames, but when these images are shown rapidly in succession, the illusion of motion is given to the viewer. Flickering between frames is not seen due to an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a visual image for a fraction of a second after the source has been removed. Film-A true art-form:- Film is considered by many to be an important art form; films entertain, educate, enlighten and inspire audiences. The visual elements of cinema need no translation, giving the motion picture a universal power of communication. Any film can become a worldwide attraction, especially with the addition of dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue. Films are also artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect...
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...The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was a major turning point in the legal history of Indigenous people in Canada. Arising at the end of the French and Indian war, the Royal Proclamation was a document collaborated between the British Crown and Indigenous leaders that set guidelines for the European settlement of aboriginal territories. The proclamation created clear boundary lines the colonial public were not to cross, as well as acknowledged the right of Indian Nations to possess lands. It also made treaty making the official policy for acquiring land. Fast forward a little more that one hundred years and the Indian act would be passed in 1868, allowing the establishment of reserves for tribal bands. In the years to come, eleven more treaties...
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...Name: Instructor: Course: Date: Black Rose. Black Robe is a film that was released in 1991 telling the story of the first contact between Europeans from France and Huron Indians from the region of North America called Quebec. European contact in the film is established through Jesuit missionaries out to spread Christianity in continental America. The lead role is taken up by Lothaire Bluteau, who plays the character of a Jesuit priest, Father LaForgue, who is a fiery priest out to spread the gospel to the furthest reaches of the continent. The film explores various themes that are brought out to the viewer in events that take place in the course of the film. The film is an excellent depiction of real-life Indian lifestyle, cultural and belief systems that came into conflict with the white man’s religion and way of life. An analytical view of Europeans’ foray into the American continent reveals that religion was used as a decoy for colonization. This is a technique that worked well and successfully because even the Christian priests and missionaries were not aware of the role they were playing (Canby n.p). This is depicted by Father LaForgue, who holds firm convictions about his purpose and role of spreading the Christian faith to the Native Indians in order to offer them salvation and redemption. Father LaForgue approaches his quest without acknowledging that his target converts possess an established cultural and belief system that will pose as a challenge...
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...D.G. Phalke produced the first Indian silent film, Raja Harishchandra in 1913. The era of talkie films started in 1931 with the producing of Alam Ara. India is the largest producer of feature films in the world. The films are certified by the Central Board of Film Certification. Cinema is a source of entertainment, knowledge and employment. However, the sex and violence portrayed contaminate the minds of the people. The objective of films should be to educate, modify and to bring unity and harmony among the people. Cinema is a film i.e... a story etc. recorded as set of moving pictures to be shown on screen of a theatre house and television. It is a channel of expression and communication. The cinemas one of the most important inventions of modern science. It was invented by Dison, An American scientist. It is a medium of instruction as well as recreation. The cinema plays an important role in the social, political, educational and moral life. The history of Indian cinema began with the production of Pundalik by R.G. Torney and N.G. Chitre in 1912. This was followed by the production of Raja Harishchandra by Dhundiraj Govind Phalke in 1913. The latter is the first Indian silent film. D.G. Phalke is considered the father of Indian cinema. Women at that time were not allowed to perform in films. So, the female characters were played by men, dressed as women. The films were silent as there was no sound or dialogue. In 1931, the era of talkie films stared with the production of Alam...
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...Imaging Indians Name: Institution Date: Hollywood is one of the most influential entities in the world. This industry shapes the perception of movie viewers in every aspect of their lives. In Hollywood movies, Americans and Indians are the key players as a result of their long interaction in the history of America. Therefore, Hollywood movies greatly affect the perceptions of the Americans and other audiences about Indians. In most cases, Hollywood stereotype Indians as savages, as well as primitives. They portray Indians as vicious and dangerous people headed for extinction. Even with the production of Indians and western films, this wrong perception of Indians still remains in the mind of many movie audiences (Aleiss, 35). The Native American has experienced extensive damage from mass media in the way it portrays cowboys and their process of moving in the west. These cowboys moved across the west conquering the lands while riding the horses. In real sense, they were driving the Indians out (Mihelich, 130). This example points out at some of the cultural misconceptions created by the Hollywood. The conception of the movie by young Americans is inaccurate, as well as highly damaging. This misconception especially in young children makes it difficult for them to learn about the Native Americans of the present days (O'Connor, 72). The stereotype on Indians has also affected the Indians in America. Many of them suffer from self-esteem deficiency caused by the stereotyped...
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...Review on The Effectiveness of Brand/product Placement in Films and A Comparison between Brand Placements in Hollywood and Bollywood films Pulidindi Venugopal, Avinash Inuganti, P. Harsha Vardhan, Vedika Kashyap Abstract: The advertisements of products/brands in televisions are experiencing skipping of channel and the marketers finding it difficult to promote their brands or products, effectively. So the marketers are now finding new media to promote their products/brands. One of those media is films. This paper studies the effectiveness of brand placement in films in the minds of consumers, especially in Hollywood and Bollywood films. Key words: Brand placement, Hollywood films, Indian films, Product placement Introduction: India is the world’s biggest film industry and product placement in Indian films is relatively a new concept and films are now turning out to be a powerful media for promoting the brands (Pavan C Patil and P L Bisoyi, 2012). Product/brand placement is defined as “A paid product message aimed at influencing movie (or television) audiences via the planned and unobtrusive entry of a branded product into a movie or television program” (Balasubramanian, 1994). Majority of the product placements are of display and dialogue product placement. Most of the product placements are taken for instance, for which, they are not paid (Alex Walton, 2009). Generally, the duration, number of types of product placements and level of product placement, that is...
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...Storyteller: | 4 | 2. | Maqbool Fida Husain | 6 | 3. | Arundhati Roy: | 8 | III. | Conclusion | 10 | Abstract: Basically, before the 20th century, the study of the politics was shaped by history, ethics, philosophy, and law, but from the late 19th century onwards, scientific approach to study politics gradually emerged. Comparative politics, in my view, do not study and analyze big issues of politics only. It also provides us the stage to study and analyze the political, social and economic situation of a particular society or state from the lens of art, literature, cinema, dramas, etc. Not only that, art and literature are the mirror of the society, so to understand particular society and political system, studying and analyzing art, literature is important. Being a student of comparative politics, here I have a good opportunity to study and compare three distinct images of a particular society. In this term paper, I am going to study three distinct pillars of Indian art and literature, which represent three different images and ideas. Satyajit Ray, MF Husain, and Arundhati Roy are an Indian film director, painter, and writer respectively which represents the postcolonial Indian society. Introduction: India is the country with the world's ancient civilization; however the modern political history of India was shaped only after the India's independence from the British Raj. On one hand, India is the home of the world's second largest population and on the other hand, based on the...
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...American rider, faces many challenges across the Najd desert, but with each obstacle Frank overcomes, he begins to discover his true self. At the end the film, Frank has a great realization and transforms into a completely new person. Frank Hopkins begins as a man who hides his true Indian heritage, throughout the film he struggles to decide whether to be an American cowboy or Sioux Indian, but in the end he reveals his true self and embraces his Indian heritage. Frank’s journey unfolds very similarly to a traditional Western, but his true conflict is a new spin on Westerns. This film is similar to an ordinary Western because there is a courageous cowboy who is looked upon as a hero, several scenes of gunplay, and the archetypal situation of cowboys versus Indians shows up. According to Gary Johnson “ Conflicts [of Westerns are] often growing out of several archetypal situations” (328). In this film a new twist is thrown on the cowboys versus Indian conflict. Frank’s conflict is an...
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