...around them but along the way society, including the South African society they have been neglected and tossed aside and treated like debris, there to be used for whatever was deemed fit by the men, the superior sex in society. Why? Because they are physically weaker and not built like men? The women of 1956 did not stand for that. They were courageous women who were willing to put issues like race and social standings aside to stand together as a united front to contest the government for what they deserved as human...
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... Introduction In the essay “On the Evolution of Scholarship in Afro- American History” the eminent historian John Hope Franklin declared “Every generation has the opportunity to write its own history, and indeed it is obliged to do so.”1 The social and political revolutions of 1960s have made fulfilling such a responsibility less daunting than ever. Invaluable references, including Darlene Clark Hine, ed. Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia 2nd ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004); Evelyn Brooks Higgingbotham, ed., Harvard Guide to African American History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001); Arvarh E. Strickland and Robert E. Weems, Jr., eds., The African American Experience: An Historiographical and Bibliographical Guide (Westport: Greenwood Press, 2001); and Randall M. Miller and John David Smith, eds., Dictionary of Afro- American Slavery (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1988), provide informative narratives along with expansive bibliographies. General texts covering major historical events with attention to chronology include John Hope Franklin and Alfred A. Moss, Jr., From Slavery to Freedom: A History of African Americans (Boston: McGraw Hill, 2000), considered a classic; along with Joe William Trotter, Jr., The African American 1  Experience (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001); and, Darlene Clark Hine, William C. Hine, and Stanley Harrold, The African American Odyssey (Upper Saddle River: Printice-Hall, Inc...
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...RUNNING HEAD: Analysis of the Arts of Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton 1 Analysis of the Arts of Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton Student Name University Name Analysis of the Arts of Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton 2 Abstract The 20th century is marked by development of new style of arts. The painters with the likes Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton played pivotal roles in taking this form of art to the next level. Their works carry elements of modernism in them however they have different styles of depicting their arts. In this paper, we have taken Office at Night, Woman with Plants, and Sorghum Mill (Buffalo River, Arkansas) for analysis which are painted by Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton respectively. Analysis Thesis Statement The works of Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton truly represent the modern era of painting with some similarities and some dissimilarities. Introduction The painting of the 20th century was inclined towards developing a new form of art which carries modernity. It was a revolutionary period for painting and saw some great painters of all times. The artworks have huge impact of the modernism in them. Edward Hopper, Grant Wood, and Thomas H. Benton were the prominent painters of the era who have great contribution...
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...different ways: Is there a specifically feminist method? Are there feminist methodologies and epistemologies, or simply feminist approaches to these? Given diversity and debates in feminist theory, how can there be a consensus on what constitutes “feminist” methodologies and epistemologies? Answers to these questions are far from straightforward given the continually evolving nature of feminist reflections on the methodological and epistemological dimensions and dilemmas of research. This chapter on feminist methodologies and epistemologies attempts to address these questions by tracing historical developments in this area, by considering what may be unique about feminist epistemologies and feminist methodologies, by reviewing some of sociology’s key contributions to this area of scholarship and by highlighting some key emergent trends. The chapter begins with a brief overview of the theoretical and historical development of feminist epistemologies, followed by a similar overview of feminist methodologies. The final section discusses how feminist 36 epistemologies and feminist methodologies have begun to merge into an area called feminist research and details some key pillars of contemporary and emergent work in this area. FEMINIST EPISTEMOLOGIES Twenty-five years ago, Lorraine Code, a Canadian feminist philosopher, posed what she called an “outrageous...
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...Vračević Željka University of Banjaluka Faculty of Philology English Language and Literature REPRESENTATIONS OF FEMININITY IN DISNEY CARTOON PRODUCTION: An Analysis of Selected Examples The purpose of this essay is to explore how media, especially Disney cartoons, affect gender, particularly young girls and how the representations of females within the media affect the viewers through stereotypes or ideals to live up too. THE INTRODUCTION (the explanation of media influences and basic notions of women representations in Disney Production) A good deal of feminist writing in the field of culture has been concerned with the representations of gender and of women in particular, and it is claimed that these representations of females reflected male attitudes and constituted misrepresentations of “real women”. Meehan (1983) analyzed the stereotypes into which women are commonly cast on television and the analysis showed that “good women” are, or are expected to be submissive, domesticated and home-centered while “bad women” are rebellious and independent. She concludes that “American viewers have spent more than three decades watching male heroes and their adventures, muddied visions of boyhood adolescence repete with illusions of women as witches, bitches, mothers and imps “. All researches about the media influence give the same conclusion that the mass media is a powerful resource through which viewers develop their...
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...Penn State University Press Historical Perspective of the Logistics and Supply Chain Management Discipline Author(s): R. Neil Southern Source: Transportation Journal, Vol. 50, No. 1 (Winter 2011), pp. 53-64 Published by: Penn State University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/transportationj.50.1.0053 Accessed: 08-10-2015 12:36 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Penn State University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Transportation Journal. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 111.68.99.23 on Thu, 08 Oct 2015 12:36:12 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Historical Perspective of the Logistics and Supply Chain Management Discipline R. Neil Southern Abstract The purpose of this article is to examine the evolution of the study of business logistics and supply chain management from the perspective of one who has participated firsthand in the discipline in industry and academic positions over the past...
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...eighteenth-century North America? The ‘Georgian worldview’ is a theory that uses a study of cultural development to determine the thoughts of the eighteenth-century North Americans. It was initiated by James Deetz in his first edition of In Small Things Forgotten (1977). The term encapsulates Deetz’s structuralism-based idea that the evident alteration within English material culture and landscape design was more than a change in style, but a universal change in human consciousness—from medieval to modern—and this extended across the Atlantic despite the colony’s increasing political distance from the homeland (Deetz, 1996: 62-63; 2003: 221). Deetz believed that shared artefact form reflected shared thought (2003: 220). The theory has enabled historical archaeologists to recognise a distinctive shift in many areas of material culture which subsequently encouraged a succession of scholars to further this idea by posing key questions: why did the worldview develop, where else was a Georgian worldview visible, how did it present itself in areas outside New England? In the quest for answers to these questions, archaeologists have developed the concept which accordingly shaped interpretations of the material discoveries of eighteenth-century North America. Deetz’s model for the cultural development of New England illustrates that following an interval (1660-1760) of limited English influence on North American material culture, the contemporary homeland culture—which had recently been...
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...2Mohammad Aizat Jamaludin, 1 Syamsul Azizul Marinsah and 3Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor 1 Department of Fiqh and Usul, Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2 Halal Product Research Institute (HPRI), Universiti Putra Malaysia 3 Department of Islamic History and Civilization, Academy of Islamic Studies, Universiti of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract: The history of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) has gone through various phases. From the time of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), it has continuously become a dynamic force in fulfilling the contemporary needs of the Ummah. After the period of imitation (taqlid), Islamic jurisprudence enters the renewal process (tajdid) in order to rejuvenate Muslim society to the practice of Ijtihad. The emergence of new approach was caused by the changes and developments in human life that spark to the existence of new issues, which their answers cannot be traced in the works of classical fiqh. Accordingly, some would prefer to utilize the postmodernism approach in the process of interpretation of the divine texts in order to get the ruling (hukm). Some of the thinkers and scholars seem to neglect the normative guide in classical Usul al-Fiqh (the principle of Islamic jurisprudence) and tend to formulate new approaches in jurisprudence deciding process such as deconstruction, hermeneutics, limitation theory and double movement theory. Therefore, this article tends to analyze in the frame of new discourse...
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...violent parts of their rule, thus the people’s communities were forged through genocide. Hitler was obsessed with having a pure racial community in Germany and an extension of land for Germany eventuating in world domination and he pursued these objectives with ruthlessness and inhuman brutality. Progressive radicalization was inevitable due to the chaotic anti-Semitism beliefs and competitive nature of an elite ruler and a few devout followers. The propaganda campaigns are what paved the way to anti-Semitism becoming a way of life throughout Germany responsible for desensitizing people to human compassion and portrayed the Jewish people as evil sub-species who needed to be eradicated in order to achieve a pure race fit for the Utopian society Adolf Hitler had envisioned and promised. The Beer Hall Putsch of 1923 is an event that continues to resurface in the numerous literatures I came...
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...Physician Assisted Suicide/Euthanasia: Shouldn't We Have That Choice? Everest University Online – Tampa/Brandon Abstract Physician-assisted suicide/euthanasia has been a heated debate amongst many people and physicians since the 5th century. Most people do not think about their death or how and when they would like to die, if they were terminally ill. Until people start speaking up about their wishes about how and when they want to die, they will continue to slowly fade away and be in pain during that process. There really needs to be someone to step up and finish where Dr. Kevorkian was forced to stop helping people. There are hundreds, if not thousands of people that die every single day, and those people end up suffering because there is nothing, except conventional pain medications, that ease their pain while dying. While these pain medications do help sometimes, people are still suffering, waiting, and dying a slow death. This is why doctor assisted suicide/euthanasia should be legalized because at the end of their lives, most people do not want to suffer. Shouldn't we be Able to Choose how and When to Die? Have you ever thought about the way you would want to die if you were terminally ill? Most people do not think about things like that. However, if you could actually choose how and when you wanted to die, what choice would you make? If you had a terminal illness and knew that you were going to die very soon, would you want your family to watch you be in pain...
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...Research Proposal On Judicial Corruption; The Great Hindrance Towards Ensuring Justice: A Critical Evaluation In The Present Context Of Bangladesh SUPERVISOR Biswajit Chanda Associate Professor Department of Law University of Rajshahi RESEARCHER Md.Salauddin Saimum Roll: 10119019 LL.B(4th Year) Department of Law University of Rajshahi University of Rajshahi DEPARTMENT OF LAW UNIVERSITY OF RAJSHAHI Introduction: Judicial corruption refers to corruption related misconduct of judges, through receiving or giving bribes, improper sentencing of convicted criminals, bias in the hearing and judgement of arguments and other such misconduct. Judicial corruption pertains to acts or behavior or attempts that impair either the search for or the submission of the truth in the delivery of justice. It covers any act or omission from any source, whether bribery, intimidation or any other act committed with the intent or reasonably foreseeable result that judicial or quasi-judicial orders, judgments and other issuances and judicial treatments will result in corruption. Judicial corruption includes the acceptance of patronage offered by people in power leading...
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...ministry, through the assessment of these two differing points of views as offered in the principal book Two Views on Women In Ministry and as contrasted with other academic books. Introduction: Dr. James R. Beck has assembled four academic assessments which present the egalitarian and complementarianism / hierarchical analysis regarding women in ministry with unprejudiced supplementary counterpoints to completely enlighten the one who reads. The arrangement of analysis appear to evaluate and distinguish in a reasonable, impartial way that supply the one who reads with a good insight of the dispute, with opposing opinions offered at the conclusion of every article. However, the reasonable approach to the arrangement of both components regarding women in ministry do not completely disclose God’s genuineness; thus, the Two Views on Women in Ministry presents sincere but some flawed arguments with some conflict to the inerrant Word of God, possibly on both sides of the debate.[1] These opposed views call for Believers to sort through the subject matter with carefully and weigh or distinguish each area of the topic with a firm analysis that is reliant upon inerrant Scripture...
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...[pic] Fred W. Riggs: Contributions to the Study of Comparative Public Administration Howard E. McCurdy, American University [pic] In 1962, the Ford Foundation presented the Comparative administration Group (CAG), a special division of the American Society for public Administration, with one-half million dollars to study methods for improving public administration in developing countries. Public administration had passed recently through a period of widespread optimism about the power of administrative reform. Many practitioner-scholars believed that administration could be improved through the implementation of correct principles. Scarcely 25 years earlier Luther Gulick had suggested that experts were on the verge of discovering principles of administration as immutable as the laws of physics and chemistry. Scholars had rediscovered Woodrow Wilson's dictum that good administrative practices did not depend upon the type of regimen which they were practiced. The United States had achieved great success in reconstructing the economies of Europe and Asia through instruments such as the Marshall Plan. President John F. Kennedy had established the Peace Corps as a means of bringing "trained manpower" to less developed lands. With these trends to inspire them, scholars both prominent and apprentice traveled to foreign countries to share their knowledge about public administration. Many arrived in countries newly emerging from the grip of colonialism and struggling to establish...
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...not running anymore. Many weekends we’d get back early in the morning, and we had to be at the coal mines at six in the morning. All we could do was change our clothes, take our lunch bag and go to work.” – Jeff Noordermeer, ‘Fifty Years of My Life’ It should surprise no one that West Virginia is beer country. Originally “beyond the pale” of European settlement in Virginia Colony, the Appalachian Mountains were nevertheless welltraversed by Scottish traders hawking spirits to the resident Cherokee. The cessation of the French-Indian war in the 1760s brought permanent settlement by Welshmen, Germans and even more English – all of whom fancied a solid stout. The 1800s saw the start of the long coal boom that transformed Appalachian society, converting subsistence farmers into coal miners and commercializing beer production to meet rising demand. That trend continues today: so popular is beer that West Virginia University has classes on the subject. Mountain Man Brewing Company exemplifies this history. Founded in 1925 by Guntar Prangel, a coal miner with a home brewery, and marketed largely to other coal miners, Mountain Man lager emphasizes quality ingredients, a bitter flavor and dark coloring. Today, Mountain Man Brewing is still a single-product company. Mountain Man distributes its lager in several states outside West Virginia, is a local market leader, and...
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...Signs appear in everyday contemporary societies. Signs are saturated with a lot of meanings and they relate to any language and are there to make us understand things through relating words with concepts like the word ‘silence’ which is a sign of communication that is indicative of meaning and it is ideological, it is also power to talk. Sign theory is an eccentric war of communication. It focuses on the discourse analysis where it focuses on language, power and ideology. Intelligence services are a key component of every state and their mandate is to ensure the security of states and they make use of the sign theory to supply the policy makers with information or intelligence which is fundamental in the policy making process. Evaluation and analysis’ role is to cast information into its proper intelligence framework and in the process minimising being biased. If evaluation and analysis is quality the intelligence given to policy makers will help policy makers to come up with quality policies and if the evaluation and analysis is poor obviously the policy makers will come up with ineffective policies. There are repercussions if intelligence services fail to analyse. Sign theory help in deductive, inductive and abductive types of reasoning. In this discourse I will define the sign theory, evaluation, analysis, four tools of analysis and the implications of sign theory to evaluation and analysis as a process which is scientific, logical, methodological and verifiable. Theory is...
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