...Industrial/Organizational Psychology Melissa Hayes January 16, 2012 Industrial/Organizational psychology is a type of psychology that is used in organizations. Industrial organization is one part of the psychology that deals with me and partnerships threw out the organization. Industrial psychology focuses on the different types of human resources that are provided. Organizational psychology is the individual’s in a work areas behavior, efficiency, and attitude. The psychiatrists that deal with Industrial/Organizational psychology have to take everyone’s differences and try to make the company run a lot smoother. There are different ways they can help things improve and that is by rewarding their workers when they have done a good job, and using different techniques to improve the way everyone works. These psychiatrists come up with ways to eliminate or minimize the injuries that are on the job, review job applications, and find ways to increase the organizational. Industrial/Organizational psychology was developed some time in the 20th century. We have to learn psychology and what it is in order to use psychology. Hugo Munsterberg and Walter Dill Scott were part of the psychiatrist that made the job more efficient. Additionally, Munsterberg and Scott used psychology to the issues which exists in companies (Spector, 2008). Each employee is reviewed to make sure they were suitable for the job they were hired for. Frederick Winslow Taylor was an engineer that used Industrial/Organizational...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology The field of industrial/organizational psychology is one, which provides a fundamental concept that are essential to assist in the improvement in the quality of the environment for employees while also positively affecting the efficiency of the employees behavior and productiveness in that environment (Barnes-Holmes et. al., 2006, p. 56.) The field of industrial and organizational psychology (I/O) has had a very significant evolution from its original concepts to what it is today. This study is vastly different from other disciplines of psychology in many ways as one may find within this paper. The paper will also include a brief explanation of how I/O psychology can be used in organizations and the role that research and statistics plays within the field. Evolution of I/O Psychology The evolution of I/O psychology was identified in the 20th century rooting back to the late 1800s and early 1900s. It has had a large influence to the Western society even though it is seen in many other societies. During the industrial revolution it became relevant how I/O psychology has become an asset to industries and organizations. The field started its focus on job performance and organizational efficiency and evolved to what it is today. The new principles of psychology and its applications to problems in organizations heightened the interest of experimental psychologist. Two, which have been given credit with founding the field of I/O psychology...
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...Industrial and Organizational Psychology Paper Janeen Tipton PSY/435 September 3, 2012 Saakshi Malik Industrial and Organizational Psychology Paper In the realm of science there are many fields of psychology; clinical, abnormal, child development and industrial psychology. Out of those, industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology not only deals with the individual, but also the organizations that such individuals may be employed at. It is theorized that the early development began in 1885 but to better understand the development one must have a clear view of what an I/O psychologists is and what their main objectives are as well as how research and statistics play a crucial role. Industrial and Organizational Psychology Industrial and Organizational psychology (I/O) psychology is the study of organizations and how scientifically-based solutions to human problems in the work place (American Psychological Association, 2012, p.1. para. 1). Such areas that I/O psychologists would have knowledge due to some form of training done at the doctorial level are: • Assessment methods • Job Analysis • Career Development • Job Evaluation, Performance, and Work Motivation • Business Skills (American Psychological Association, 2012, p. 1) There are services that an I/O will and can provide to the company/organization for which one is employed. These services include aiding with the hiring process by forming...
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...University of Phoenix Material Industrial/Organizational Psychology Worksheet The purpose of this assignment is to examine the fundamental concepts of the field of industrial/organizational psychology. Using the textbook, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources, answer the following questions. Your responses to each question will vary but overall should be 700- to 1,050-words in length. 1. Describe the evolution of the field of industrial/organizational psychology. Industrial/Organizational psychology was invented in the twentieth century around the late 1800’s. I/O was introduced by two experimental psychologists who wanted to combine psychology to fixing problems within an organization. In the United States, the focus was on job performance and efficiency, and in the United Kingdom, the focus was on employee fatigue and health. In 1901, the first I/O Ph.D was awarded and in 1913, the first I/O textbook was published. Frederick Winslow Taylor was a huge influence to the field of I/O and wrote the Scientific Management, which stated: “Each job should be carefully analyzed so that the optimal way of doing tasks can be specified. Employees should be selected (hired) according to characteristics that are related to job performance. Managers should study existing employees to find out what personal characteristics are important. Employees should be carefully trained to do their job tasks. Employees should be rewarded for their productivity to encourage...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology Samantha Trudeau PSY/435 March 26, 2012 Kristi Zimmerman Industrial/organizational psychology is an area of study that has been studied since the early times of psychology (Spector, 2008). At first, industrial/organizational psychology only concentrated on the industrial side of the field. The industrial side of this field dealt with management part of businesses and placed emphasis on human resources. On the other hand, the organizational side of the spectrum is concerned with improving workplaces and working conditions. However, as this area of study has grown over time it has began dealing with the full spectrum of industry and organization. Organizational/industrial psychology is explained as an applied field that concentrates on the development and application of scientific principles to the work environment (Spector, 2008). A more practical view of industrial/organizational psychology is that it is used to improve the quality of the work environment for the employees and to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of employee behavior in that environment (Barnes-Holmes et. al., 2006). The ancestry of industrial/organizational psychology begins in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s. It was at this time that the early psychologists were attempting to combine psychology with the organization of business’s (Spector, 2008). There are two scientists in particular that are...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology Paper (PSY435) Industrial/Organizational Psychology Paper The field of industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology has been studied since the infancy of psychology itself (Spector, 2008). In the beginning, I/O psychology was wholly concerned with the industrial side of the field—which concentrated on the management aspects of business and emphasized human resources—as opposed to the organization side, which is concerned with improving work conditions in the workplace. Yet, as the field has grown over the years it has come to include the full spectrum of industry and organization. Strictly speaking, I/O psychology is defined as, “…an applied field that is concerned with the development and application of scientific principles to the workplace” (Spector, 2008, p. 5). On a practical level, the aim of I/O psychology is to, “…improve the quality of the environment for employees as well as to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of employee behavior in that environment” (Barnes-Holmes et. al., 2006, p. 56). The concise definition and practical application of I/O psychology are only the capstone to an understanding of the length and breadth of the field. A full examination of the evolution of I/O psychology as well as an explanation of the role that research and statistics play in I/O psychology are needed to form the foundation on which the capstone is placed. Evolution of I/O Psychology I/O psychology has its roots in the late 1800s...
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...Industrial and Organizational Psychology Ronda White Industrial and Organizational Psychology PSY 435 April 2, 2012 Ronald Goodnight Industrial and Organizational Psychology Although industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology is an invention of the 20th century, roots of the profession begin in the late 1800s, and early 1900s with the infancy of psychology itself. These pioneers concerning themselves solely upon the industrial side of the profession had interests in placing into work new principles of psychology to improve efficiency in organization, and job performance. Through this beginning, I/O psychology continues to expand and develop into the psychological discipline it is today. A simple definition or practical applications of I/O psychology are the mere pinnacles in understanding the scope of the discipline. Examining the evolution of I/O psychology, in addition to explaining the role of research and statistics in I/O psychology will reveal the foundation upon which the pinnacles rest (Spector, 2008). Evolution of I/O Psychology The credit for the development of I/O psychology lies with Walter Dill and Hugo Münsterberg. Both individuals were professors and experimental psychologists who began applying principles of psychology to organization’s problems. Münsterberg’s interests in employee selection processes brought about the use of psychological testing. His inability to gain acceptability and respect for his theories at Harvard, or...
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...JC’s Casino Assessment and Recommendation JCs casino is having difficulty keeping employees, dealers and housekeeping staff alike. Interim measures can be taken, but to correct the situation the owner must first determine the reason for the problem. Job satisfaction and occupational stressors are often interrelated; however, both should be assessed independently to identify areas of concern. Once the reason for the problem is established, measures must be taken to increase satisfaction, reduce stress, and motivate employees, turning counterproductive behavior into productive behavior. Interim measures With a shortage of employees, other employees must work extra hours to fill the positions. This extra work places hardship on those asked to fill in, which could result in role overload which could result in increased turnover. To avert the risk of increased turnover JC’s can use a temporary work agency to fill vacant housekeeping positions. Casino dealers are specially trained so it will be more difficult to fill those positions through a temporary agency so current employees will need to take on extra hours while the organization is assessed and changes implemented. The right motivation will make it easier to get employees to take extra hours and shifts voluntarily, and the process should be as quick as possible. Job Satisfaction and Occupational Stressors Job satisfaction Job performance and turnover display the degree of employee satisfaction with the job as well...
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...Fundamental Concepts of Industrial and Organizational Psychology The “American Psychological Association” (2012) website explains industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology as a general practice specialty of professional psychology that focuses on scientifically based solutions toward human difficulties in work and other organizational settings. I/O psychology provides solutions by way of development and application of scientific principles to the workplace (Spector, 2008). This discipline contains a facet that focuses on research as well as an application facet. Some in I/O psychology invest much of their time conducting and cataloguing research regarding people at work, while others focus on the application of the concepts generated from such research. A general overview with an emphasis on the evolution, the contrast toward other disciplines, the use of, and the role of research can provide a clear understanding of industrial and organizational psychology. Amidst the full swing of the industrial revolution, factory managers were faced with the challenge of maximizing resources. Challenges like this created a need for workplace psychology and I/O psychology quickly filled that need. The beginning stages of this discipline solely placed emphasis on the industrial component of the workplace and viewed the employees as expendable (Spector, 2008). At this stage industrial psychology sought solutions toward creating the greatest return for the least amount...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology 1 Industrial/Organizational Psychology Crystal Bell PSY/435 Instructor: Dr. Simone Senhouse University of Phoenix June 16, 2012 Industrial/Organizational Psychology 2 Industrial/Organizational Psychology In the mead of a strike and management, psychology has studies ever since infancy in psychology itself (Spector, 2008). In the start, Industrial and organizational psychology was completely worried with the strike side of the mead in which concentrated on the organizational features of trade and highlighted individual resources- as contradicted to the management side, in which is worried with the reform of work conditions of the workforce, still, as the mead has expanded over the years, it was brought to contain the full bands of colour of the industry and management. Therefore, Industrial and organizational psychology was explained as, “a related which is distressed with the growth and a formal request of experimental principles to the workforce.” (Spector, 2008, p.5). on the empirical level, the ambition of the industrial and organizational psychology is to, “ ameliorate the grade of the surrounding for the workers, as well as to raise the successfulness and methodically of the worker’s behavior in that surrounding” (Barnes-Holmes et, al., 2006, p.56). The concise distinctness and practical action of applying something...
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...Industrial and Organizational Psychology Melissa Wojcik PSY 435 May 28, 2012 James Cunningham Industrial and Organizational Psychology The area of industrial and organizational psychology has been studied since the infancy of psychology itself (Spector, 2008). Originally, industrial and organizational psychology was concerned with the industrial side of the field that concentrated on the management aspects of business and emphasized human resources as opposed to the organization side, which is concerned with improving work conditions in the workplace. As the field has grown over the years it has come to include the complete range of industry and organization. Strictly speaking, industrial and organizational psychology is defined by “an applied field that is concerned with the development and application of scientific principles to the workplace” (Spector, 2008, p. 5). On the practical level, the aim of industrial and organizational psychology is to, “improve the quality of the environment for employees as well as to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of employee behavior in that environment” (Barnes-Holmes, 2006, p. 56). The concise definition and practical application of industrial and organizational psychology are only the capstone to an understanding of the length and breadth of the field. A full examination of the evolution of industrial and organizational psychology as well as an explanation of how research and statistics work throughout I/O psychology are...
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...Organizational Psychology Michelle Brito Psych/570 December 23, 2013 Prof. Linda Whinghter Organizational Psychology The behavior that people experience in a workplace can be studied in organizational psychology. Organizational psychology is a sub-category to organizational/industrial psychology better known as I/O psychology. The I/O psychology is divided into two different groups. Each subject focuses on an essential part of the organization. There are two related discipline in organizational psychology, which are organizational behavior and Industrial psychology. Although both are similar to organizational psychology, each side has its differences. Research statistics are an essential part to an organizing development and problem solving. Organizational Psychology The study of organizational psychology understands the dynamics of people in a workplace. Organizational psychology uses scientific methods to understand the conduct of people who work in an organization setting (Jex & Britt, 2008). Rules, structure, and guideline aids employee to work as a group instead of working as individual towards a common goal. The purpose of organizational psychology is to help better employee’s performances, better fairness, and better the relationship between employees. The core of an organization is patterned human conduct (Katz & Kahn, 1978). The rules, structure, and guideline aids the employees to perform the task at hand and can also have a psychological effect. Organizational...
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...Psychology in the Business World: The Opportunities and Challenges for a Psychology Major 1. Background of the Study 2.1 How can psychology be defined? Ciccarelli and White (2012), defines psychology as the “scientific study of behavior and mental processes”. Merriam-Webster dictionary (2014), on the other hand, defines psychology as “the science of mind and behavior”. It generally is a field that revolves about how and why a living thing act and behave and the processes in the mind that comes with the behavior. The American Psychological Association (2014) furthermore defines psychology as a study concerning the mind and behavior of the human being, involving everything from how the brain functions to why a certain person behaves. Basically, psychology is a field that studies human and their behavior with the goal of analysis on the mind as to why their behavior is such. 2.2 What are the uses of psychology in the business world? Psychology can be used in the business world by means of helping the employees achieve their optimum performance level and still be happy about their job (Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Inc. [SIOP], 2014). Psychologists work in the human resources department, in the managerial department, in the administration, and more. It is use to develop and utilize an employee’s ability to perform even better at his job. Psychology is used to ensure harmony amongst the people in the organization. It is also concerned...
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...What is Organizational Psychology? Beyounka Bonner PSYCH 570 March 2, 2014 Dr. Vicki Koenig What is Organizational Psychology? According to Britt and Jex (2008), organizational psychology is grounded in scientifically studying one’s behavior and interactions that one has within the workplace, as well as other organizations. Organizational psychology has an extreme effect on a company’s success rate; it has an impact on a company’s work performance, gratification, security, healthiness, and overall well-being of a company’s employees. Research on employee’s behaviors and assertiveness, methods on how improvements can be made to the company’s hiring process, training programs, and managerial coordination are all conducted by organizational psychologists. Organizational psychologists assist organizations in transitioning through different times of adjustments, growth, and developments. There are many factors that may influence the way in which one behaves in an organization, such as, the structure of an organization, societal norms, managing styles, and the expectation of different roles. Although the field of organizational psychology is indebted to the study of organizations that are formal, it is not to say that the organization will always be one that is a business or that is one for profit; which is a common misconception about this field (Britt & Jex, 2008). This essay will explore the field of organizational psychology. Evolution of Organizational Psychology ...
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...Organizational psychology is just one of the many practice areas of the much larger domain, psychology. Both organizational psychology and its overarching study, psychology are rooted in science and use scientific data to help them find, diagnose and fix problems. Although both organizational psychology and general psychology diagnose and solve problems, their practice areas and methodologies are very different. General psychology focuses on psychological disorders and helping individuals in their personal lives. Organizational psychologists are not trained to diagnose psychological disorders. Organizational psychologists focus their attention on individuals as a larger group, generally found in the workplace. The objective of an organizational psychologist’s work is usually to help an organization become more effective. Just as organizational psychology is a subfield of psychology, it is also a subfield of the broader field of industrial-organizational psychology, or I/O psychology. According to “Industrial and Organizational Psychology” (2014), “Industrial/Organizational (I/O) psychology is both the study of behavior in organizational work settings and the application of the methods, facts, and principles of psychology to individuals and groups in organizational and work settings” (para. 1). I/O psychology combines two major divisions: industrial psychology and organizational psychology (Huelsman, 2008). Industrial psychology could be considered psychology for human...
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