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Informality Tackled

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To analyze the occurrence of informality in firms and their tendency to underreport their output, a regression is utilized. A sample of 690 firms is chosen for this purpose. We choose the variable “% of Firms expressing that a typical Firm reports less than 100 % of sales” that may act as a proxy for this inclination as the dependent variable. Several other variables are chosen to explain this dependent variable. These explanatory variables are: the firm’s age, ownership (domestic/private), exporter (whether it exports its product or not), % of firms using the web to communicate with clients/suppliers, % of firms using email to communicate with clients/suppliers, average number of unskilled production workers, average number of temporary workers, % of firms using technology licensed from foreign companies, % of firms expected to give gifts to secure a government contract, and the size of the firm. In addition, a constant is considered in the regression. After regressing the dependent variable on the above independent variables the following results have been attained:
(will insert equation and table of coefficients)

When the firms’ age is considered, a negative relationship can be deducted between it and the dependent variable illustrated by the negative coefficient -0.070. As the firm ages, it is expected to report its sales more accurately. The ages of the firms selected ranged from 2 years to 146 while the average age of these firms was 27.61. This may seem unsurprising as firms with a long history are not expected to underreport their output while new upcoming firms may be more willing to do that.
Exporting firms (firms who are expected to exports their output) are inclined to express that a typical firm reports less than 100% of sales by 0.042. From the sample, 459 firms were non-exporters while 230 do export their goods. This estimation may be

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