...to receive an incentive or for some reason the testimony is recanted. This kind of incentivized lie is often referred to as a jailhouse informant, or a snitch. The jailhouse informant is used mostly in drug and murder cases and has been one of the largest contributions to a wrongful conviction and most judicial systems do not place proper policy to prevent this manipulation. This essay will highlight the history of the use and abuse of jailhouse informants, laws that prevent the misuse of snitches, and the many sides around the controversial issue. Historical Background As long as eye-witness testimonies have been regarded as a reliable source, they have been potentially unreliable. Rob Warden for The Northwestern University School of Law Center of Wrongful Convictions (2004) states that the history of the snitch dates back to our most rudimentary sense of law, predating the Pilgrims arriving to the New World. Although, the first documented case in the United States isn’t until 1819. This case involved two brothers, Jesse and Stephen Boorn, who were suspects of their brother-in-law’s murder. One of their cellmates, Silas Merrill, testified Jesse confessed to the murder and Merrill was rewarded with freedom. Both brothers were sentenced to death but saved when their brother-in-law turned up alive (Warden, 2004, p. 2). The jailhouse informant is important to law enforcement because they make the sacrifice of giving incentives to small scale...
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...Windshield Survey Assignment #1 Template Student Name: _ _ Dates: _ _____________ Name of Community or Zip Code: _ ________ Part One Windshield Survey and Key Informant Interviews Please complete the following information on this template about the community you have selected. You may increase the size of the block by continuing to type. Use as much space as necessary to provide your answers Elements Descriptors Physical Environment Make sure you address fully what you observed and NOTE if something was not found within your community area. ● Boundaries What defines the boundaries (on N, S, E, W)? Roads, water, railroads? Is the area known for a particular name? What area is this community located in? ● Housing and Zoning What is the age of the houses? Describe type of construction material, appearance, and general condition. Do you see single family housing? Multi-family housing? ● Common Meeting Places Where do people in the neighborhood “ hang out”? Who hangs out there and what hours of the day? ● Indicators of Growth or Decline Is this a “thriving” community or does it look “run down?” Is there new or ongoing construction? Are buildings, roadways, and public areas clean and well-kept? Do you see dirt, trash, or graffiti? ● Employment Opportunities What places for employment are there in this area? Name the businesses and industries in this area. ● Transportation How to people get from one place...
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...secondary data are those which have already been collected. Primary data are always collected from the source. It is collected either by the investigator himself or through his agents. There are different methods of collecting primary data. Each method has its relative merits and demerits. The investigator has to choose a particular method to collect the information. The choice to a large extent depends on the preliminaries to data collection some of the commonly used methods are discussed below. 1. Direct Personal observation: This is a very general method of collecting primary data. Here the investigator directly contacts the informants, solicits their cooperation and enumerates the data. The information are collected by direct personal interviews. The novelty of this method is its simplicity. It is neither difficult for the enumerator nor the informants. Because both are present at the spot of data collection. This method provides most accurate information as the investigator collects them personally. But as the investigator alone is involved in the process, his personal bias may influence the accuracy of the data. So it is necessary that the investigator should be honest, unbiased and experienced. In such cases the data collected may be fairly accurate. However, the method is quite costly and time-consuming. So the method should be used when the scope of enquiry is small. 2. Indirect Oral Interviews : This is an indirect method of collecting primary data. Here information...
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...Informants Information is the currency that criminal investigators deal in. Information is needed to solve crimes and lock up criminals. The best information comes from honest citizens providing the truth to the police to make their community a safer place. This information comes from victims of crimes and alert witnesses of crimes or suspicious behavior. Informants are another source of information. Informants can make an investigator look like a hero when they provide good information, but they're typically rather needy and difficult to handle. Informants come from all walks of life. In evaluating an informant, the wise investigator must first try to understand what is motivating a person to become an informant. The best and most altruistic informants are trying to clean up their neighborhood or workplace or just want a bad person off the street. Other informants use the police to exact revenge against someone who angered them. This sort of informant knows something about another person and is going to teach that person a lesson. Sometimes, drug dealers will even give information against rival drug dealers in an effort to get police to eliminate the competition. Mercenary informants will wait until there is a large reward to come forward with information. There is a danger of diminishing returns when the reward money used to solve crimes and becomes more than several thousand dollars. The problem with huge rewards is that many mercenary informants will try to play “tip...
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...Stop Snitching Campaigns Advertising to communities to stop giving law enforcements information on crimes. Police Paid Informant Drugs Drug Bust Money seized Guns seized Prison Bail bondsman Snitch Informant murdered Community Problem These links below are videos that’ll help you understand the meaning of STOP SNITCHING and the violence that comes with it. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t8q9m2z3e4g http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAtOZPVilV0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMQhQBYuOew ADVERTISEMENTS OF STOP SNITCHING Order This DVD at ThisWillShockYou | | Stop Snitchin' refers to a controversial campaign to convince criminal informants to stop "snitching," or informing, to law enforcement. However, some public officials and others say that it is a campaign used by criminals to frighten people with information from reporting their activities to the police. It specifically refers to a Baltimore-based home-made DVD that threatened violence against would-be informants. Fearing their message was too powerful Baltimore City and Maryland State officials attempted to pass legislation to prevent the filmmakers from producing a sequel but to no avail Producer Rodney Bethea and Host Skinny Suge bring you “Stop Snitching” Part 2 and continue to show the reality of hard times on hard streets. More Reactions.VideoMore News Reports. | Copyright 2008 - All Trademarks are property of their respective owners. This website does not...
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...10 Prison Subculture and Prison Gang Influence LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1. Discuss the prison subculture for inmates and correctional officers. 2. Compare importation theory with exportation theory. 3. Identify different aspects of prison culture that explain how offenders and officers view the world around them. 4. Discuss how professionalization and the diversification of correctional staff have impacted the prison subculture. 5. Discuss the impact that prison gangs have had on prisons, including the traditional prison subculture. 6. Identify the 13 gangs listed in this chapter as the primary prison gangs in the United States. 7. Explain what prison systems do to control gang problems that occur in their facilities. chapter I will stand by my brother My brother will come before all others My life is forfeit should I fail my brother I will honor my brother in peace as in war Aryan Brotherhood Oath INTRODUCTION This chapter provides students with a very unique aspect of the world of corrections. Students will learn that within the institutional environment, there is a commonality of experiences that arise between those who are involved; this is true for both inmates and staff. Indeed, many people may not be aware that, in fact, the mind and the world of the inmate often affect the mind-set of security personnel who work with the inmate. In essence, there is an exchange of beliefs and perspectives that often come together to produce a unique fusion...
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...Perdido Street Station (Bas-Lag 01) By China Miéville "...and Lublamai no longer thought of screaming but only of watching as those dark markings rolled and boiled in perfect symetry across the wings like clouds in a night sky above, in water below." Prologue Part One: Commissions Chapter One Chapter Two Chapter Three Chapter Four Chapter Five Part Two:Physiognomies of Flight Chapter Six Chapter Seven Chapter Eight Chapter Nine Chapter Ten Chapter Eleven Chapter Twelve Chapter Thirteen Chapter Fourteen Chapter Fifteen Chapter Sixteen Chapter Seventeen Part Three: Metamorphoses Chapter Eighteen Chapter Nineteen Chapter Twenty Chapter Twenty-One Chapter Twenty-Two Chapter Twenty-Three Chapter Twenty-Four Chapter Twenty-Five Chapter Twenty-Six Part Four: A Plague of Nightmares Chapter Twenty-Seven Chapter Twenty-Eight Chapter Twenty-Nine Chapter Thirty Chapter Thirty-One Chapter Thirty-Two Chapter Thirty-Three Part Five: Councils Chapter Thirty-Four Chapter Thirty-Five Chapter Thirty-Six Chapter Thirty-Seven Chapter Thirty-Eight Chapter Thirty-Nine Chapter Forty Chapter Forty-One Part Six: The Glasshouse Chapter Forty-Two Chapter Forty-Three Chapter Forty-Four Chapter Forty-Five Part Seven: Crisis Chapter Forty-Six Chapter Forty-Seven Chapter Forty-Eight Chapter Forty-Nine Chapter Fifty Chapter Fifty-One Part Eight: Judgement Chapter Fifty-Two "I even gave up, for a while, stopping by the window of the room to look out at the lights...
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...Contents Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1 BRAIN POWER Myth #1 Most People Use Only 10% of Their Brain Power Myth #2 Some People Are Left-Brained, Others Are Right-Brained Myth #3 Extrasensory Perception (ESP) Is a Well-Established Scientific Phenomenon Myth #4 Visual Perceptions Are Accompanied by Tiny Emissions from the Eyes Myth #5 Subliminal Messages Can Persuade People to Purchase Products 2 FROM WOMB TO TOMB Myth #6 Playing Mozart’s Music to Infants Boosts Their Intelligence Myth #7 Adolescence Is Inevitably a Time of Psychological Turmoil Myth #8 Most People Experience a Midlife Crisis in | 8 Their 40s or Early 50s Myth #9 Old Age Is Typically Associated with Increased Dissatisfaction and Senility Myth #10 When Dying, People Pass through a Universal Series of Psychological Stages 3 A REMEMBRANCE OF THINGS PAST Myth #11 Human Memory Works like a Tape Recorder or Video Camera, and Accurate Events We’ve Experienced Myth #12 Hypnosis Is Useful for Retrieving Memories of Forgotten Events Myth #13 Individuals Commonly Repress the Memories of Traumatic Experiences Myth #14 Most People with Amnesia Forget All Details of Their Earlier Lives 4 TEACHING OLD DOGS NEW TRICKS Myth #15 Intelligence (IQ) Tests Are Biased against Certain Groups of People My th #16 If You’re Unsure of Your Answer When Taking a Test, It’s Best to Stick with Your Initial Hunch Myth #17 The Defining Feature of Dyslexia Is Reversing Letters Myth #18 Students Learn Best When Teaching Styles Are Matched to...
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