...In early 2004, the residents of Inglewood, California, a working community just outside of Los Angeles is composed mainly of African American and Hispanic-Americans are preparing to vote on a referendum公投 that would change the city charter契约 to build a Wal-Mart Supercenter in the vast, undeveloped many in the city. Walmart proposed提出 measure after the city council refused to change the zoning of the sixty-acre plot on which he had the opportunity to build. Numerous social and religious groups who oppose Wal-Mart, and to oppose the referendum. Walmart promised cheap goods and work, but these groups have been skeptical about the types of work and compensation to be offered health care to be provided to employees, and Walmart will have a broad impact on society. Inglewood was pro-union community, and the opposition was based on anti-union positions in Walmart. April 6 Inglewood residents voted to abandon a referendum on the edge of 60.6 percent to 39.9 percent. While smaller, less organized, and with less than Walmart, the coalition of social and religious宗教 leaders won global behemoth retailer. 1. Discuss and evaluate Wal-Mart’s strategy in Inglewood. What were some of its mistakes? Could they have been avoided, and if so, how? 2. Discuss the arguments by Wal-Mart’s critics批判者. Are they persuasive有说服力的? How should Wal-Mart respond? What is your view? 3. What should Wal-Mart learn from its defeat失败 in Inglewood as it faces similar issues in other cases? ...
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...review process, it is often limited to within the originating organization. Similarly, there are no formal publishing procedures for such reports, except where established locally. Description Technical reports are today a major source of scientific and technical information. They are prepared for internal or wider distribution by many organizations, most of which lack the extensive editing and printing facilities of commercial publishers. Technical reports are often prepared for sponsors of research projects. Another case where a technical report may be produced is when more information is produced for an academic paper than is acceptable or feasible to publish in a peer-reviewed publication; examples of this include in-depth experimental details, additional results, or the architecture of a computer model. Researchers may also publish work in early form as a technical report to establish novelty, without having to wait for the often long production schedules of academic journals. Technical reports are considered "non-archival" publications, and so are free to be published elsewhere in peer-reviewed venues with or without modification. A memorandum (abbrev.: memo) was from the Latin verbal phrase memorandum est,...
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...MEMORANDUM Heading Segment The heading segment follows this general format: TO: (readers' names and job titles) FROM: (your name and job title) DATE: (complete and current date) SUBJECT: (what the memo is about, highlighted in some way) Make sure you address the reader by his or her correct name and job title. You might call the company president "Maxi" on the golf course or in an informal note, but "Rita Maxwell, President" would be more appropriate for a formal memo. Be specific and concise in your subject line. For example, "Clothes" as a subject line could mean anything from a dress code update to a production issue. Instead use something like, "Fall Clothes Line Promotion." Opening Segment The purpose of a memo is usually found in the opening paragraph and includes: the purpose of the memo, the context and problem, and the specific assignment or task. Before indulging the reader with details and the context, give the reader a brief overview of what the memo will be about. Choosing how specific your introduction will be depends on your memo plan style. The more direct the memo plan, the more explicit the introduction should be. Including the purpose of the memo will help clarify the reason the audience should read this document. The introduction should be brief, and should be approximately the length of a short paragraph. Context The context is the event, circumstance, or background of the problem you are solving. You may use a paragraph or a few sentences to establish...
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...Business Memos A memo, short for the word memorandum, comes from the Latin word memorandus, which means, "to be remembered." It is a compact written message designed to help someone remember something. Unlike letters, the external communications of a company, business memos are an internal form of communication and it is standard practice to save them. Their objective is to deliver information or instructions and writing them in a sensible manner that the information is delivered with more meaningful note and its impact on its reader is also serious. Confined to a single topic, each interoffice, interdepartmental and company - wide memo becomes part of the institutional memory of an organization. They record daily activities and eliminate the need for time-consuming meetings. As historical documents they are often referred to when writing reports or resolving disputes regarding past activities. In short, they speed up the daily business of doing business; they keep people who need to be kept in the know, in the know. When a business organization designs an official letterhead it often also designs an official memo sheet, complete with a company logo featured at the top of the page. Besides having a professional look and feel, preprinted memo sheets often provide specialized information fields that accommodate specific procedures for expediting in-house communications. Memos Types 1. Informational Memos 2. Instructional Memos Informational Memos is an in-house...
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...Memo To: Edward Nelson, Executive Director From: Tabatha Monroe, Librarian Date: Monday, September 10, 2012 Subject: Request for Professional Development Funding I am writing this memorandum to request Kaplan College to sponsor a Business Writing course that I wish to enroll in at the University of Miami. I spend a fair amount of time at work communicating via emails, notes, letters, and reports and many of these documents are read by our internal and external customers. And I believe that a Business Writing course will improve not only my job skills, but productivity as well. In my current position as a librarian, I am responsible for communicating with students, faculty and staff members, publishers, and vendors about academic issues on a daily basis using email, memos, and reports. I also compose, edit and publish user guides with instructions on how to access and use various library resources. And I annually submit a report that provides details on how the learning resource center is complying with federal and SACS regulations. By focusing on the particular types of documents that I use on a daily basis, this course will help me to improve the skills needed to write and edit business documents that are concise, correct, and clear. This course will assist me in developing my business writing skills that will allow me to better meet the needs of this organization through effective communication. After this course, my productivity will increase...
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...institution to an individual does your text cite? Selected Answer: Correct d) three Correct Answer: Correct d) three Question 6 4 out of 4 points Collection letters, like other transactional communications, are constructed to get the desired Selected Answer: Correct b) result. Correct Answer: Correct b) result. Question 7 4 out of 4 points The three forms of business letters discussed in the text are Selected Answers: Correct Full Block Correct Semi-block Correct Simplified Correct Answers: Correct Full Block Correct Semi-block Correct Simplified Question 8 4 out of 4 points The correspondence that conveys information inside a single business entity is defined as being Selected Answer: Correctc. internal. Correct Answer: Correctc. internal. Question 9 4 out of 4 points The correspondence that transfers information between one entity and another is defined as being Selected Answer: Correcta. external. Correct Answer: Correcta. external. Question 10 4 out of 4 points The business letter form that the text says...
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...The Kudler Fine Food Company will be having new registers installed in three of their stores. This is the main piece of information being communicated in the memo that was sent from Yvonne Reynolds to Brenda Wagner. Based on the criteria of organization, clarity, tone, and style this memo is not a very good example of what a memo should be. The organization of this memo is done in a way that you can understand that they are going to be getting new registers. However, the clarity of the memo makes it difficult to understand. Yvonne informs Brenda that the vendor of the new registers will give some training materials and train the company’s trainer. She then states, “We need to determine the best way to train the cashiers in the three stores, the management team in each store and the computer support specialists.” This makes is confusing to understand who is suppose to be doing the training in the store. It leaves questions as to why the vendor id training someone if it is then up to the stores to find a way to train the employees. The clarity also comes into question when Yvonne says to, “have someone evaluate the various means we could use to deliver the training and make a recommendation of how we should proceed.” This leaves Brenda to try to figure out where to look for someone and to figure out when exactly the training is suppose to happen. The tone and style are on the casual style for a business memo. The whole thing is typed in one paragraph that is not as informative...
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...DATE: January 12, 2012 TO: All Employees of Denver Branch FROM: Leonard Schwartz, Branch Manager SUBJECT: New Loss-Prevention System As you may have recently heard, lately we received news from the corporate headquarters of the company that it would be in the best interest of the entire company to pay more attention to matters of preventing accidents and any other safety-related measures that affect the workplace, including both office and field activities related to all types of jobs that we complete. Every single employee in each office at every branch needs to be ever mindful in this regard so that they are more efficient and effective in the daily performance of their everyday tasks that relate to their job responsibilities so that safety is always of paramount concern. With this goal of safety ever present in our minds, I believe the bottom line of the emphasis on safety could be considered to be the training that each of us receives in his first, initial weeks on the job as well as the training provided on a regular basis throughout each year of our employment with M-Global, so that we are always aware of how to operate in a safe manner. The training vehicle gives the company the mechanism to provide each of you with the means to become aware of the elements of safety that relate to the specific needs and requirements of your own particular job. Therefore, at this point in time I have come to the conclusion in the process of contemplating the relevance of the new corporate...
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...misleading expressions (euphemisms) such as “meet our Creator” which means death and “Policy of Disinformation” which means lying to the public. Weak phrases should be avoided also. Weak phrases are ones such as; “wealthy business person”, “Carrying a child” and “one year old boy”. Instead, what can be used are phrases such as “tycoon”, “pregnant” and “one year of age boy”. Police officers must NEVER discriminate because of gender. Neutral terms should be used to manifest, fairness and equality between sexes. Examples are; “If a woman drives” to “if a person drives”, “man-made” to “artificial” and “manpower” to “human power”. A memorandum is a note, or reminder that one wishes to preserve for future use. Its various tense forms may be done by shortening memorandum to memo. Memorandum is definitely singular while its plural form is memoranda. The tone of a memorandum from a subordinate must always be formal, whereas official of equal positions the...
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...used at Oldbury Academy is via the gateway. This is almost comparable to a portal between teachers and students. It allows for pupils to access work in the case of a teacher being absent, teachers may also display messages about extra curriculums on the gateway and any other relevant information. Oldbury Academy also uses a system called SIMS (School Information Management System) which allows teachers to track the whereabouts of any given student via giving them a present mark and electronically noting down their timetabled lessons. Here is an example of Student Announcements which are placed onto the gateway by teachers, to communicate information to students. Here is an example of Student Announcements which are placed onto the gateway by teachers, to communicate information to students. E-mail Oldbury Academy uses e-mails to send messages across to staff in regards to information such as assemblies or student’s absences. Teachers may also use e-mails to inform pupils of any homework, and students may e-mail back teachers for help and guidance. Oldbury Academy may also e-mail parents who have opted for this and send them things such as the School Newsletter, or any other important information a parent may need to know about their child’s education. Here is an example of a teacher e-mailing a student some homework. Here is an example of a teacher e-mailing a student some homework. Fax Facsimile or Fax is the transmission of scanned printed material to a telephone...
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...Project Budget Marie Harper CMGT/410 October 13, 2013 Joel Erickson Project Budget BUSINESS MEMO IT TRAINING OUTLINE INTRODUCTION: There should be a method which has to be used for training as well as a method should be created together with that method. For both of these ways to achieve success, training resources should not be wasted. To make sure that resources would not be undermined, a lot of problems must be resolved. The organization policies, infrastructural problems, as well as social problems within the company may all require to be noted prior to a properly oiled training session can happen. It is, nevertheless, worth noting that irrespective of the scheme selected for training, the route must be clear for the users. The training which the users will need will depend on their background, the objective of the training, attributes of the system, any kinds of latest user interfaces, and so on. This task is an explanation for a demonstration provided by a combination of HR as well as IT experts, streamlining organization policy and procedures, for a company-wide conformity system. The training will be put into practice by the head office, along with training to be implemented in a central location. This will be favorable to all of the other satellite offices, making them effortlessly accessed by the administrators who will be attending the training classes. Training will be located on the Central Office site, to reduce training expenses. The training...
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...INSTRUCTIONS Forest Hill Paper Company Assigned: Wednesday, February 20, 2013 Due: Dr. O’Connor/Writing Lab by Friday, March 8 The Forest Hill Paper case represents an exercise in activity based costing to help you understand in greater depth how activity based costing is performed within organizations. The case suggests that developing the product cost is not the end point for the accountant – the proper evaluation and analysis of the “calculated” information is integral in making recommendations contributing to organization success. Assume that your group is a consulting group that has been hired by Forest Hill’s management team. Your group has listened to the discussions contained in the case and obtained the information contained in the exhibits. Your recommendations should be contained in a business memorandum addressed to Forest Hill’s management team. The memo should be no longer than three single spaced typed pages, excluding any relevant exhibits you may have prepared and referenced in the text of your memo. The exhibits may be attached at the end of your memo. The memo should, at a minimum, respond to the questions contained at the end of the case. This assignment will be graded in part on the “correctness” of the calculations and quantitative analysis. However, “getting the numbers right” is only the first step. A significant portion of the points will be earned by the appropriateness of your recommendations, your ability to identify...
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...Memorandum To: Professor Sandra Moses From: Business Communication Team 1 Date: September 22, 2014 Subject: Asian Business Culture Please review this memo to prepare yourself for interaction with business partners in China, Thailand and Japan. Introduction Engaging in any business transaction such as meetings, striking a deal or even just exchanging contact information is to be done with a great deal of tolerance for the Asian culture. It is important to remember to be aware and follow some simple guidelines that will be outlined first. It is significant that these rules be followed use simple English, speaking slowly and enunciate, check frequently for their comprehension, observe eye messages, and accept blame if there is a misunderstanding. Practice etiquette by listening without interruption, smile when appropriate, and follow up every meeting in writing to ensure understanding and show appreciation. Asian Culture Chinese business partners will present themselves much like Japanese and Thailand partners. They will have a quiet demeanor that lacks little emotion. Expect the asian business partners to move slowly compared to our pace. Chinese and Japanese business meetings are conducted with patience and will often have long pauses. In Japan business is male dominated and should be conducted very diplomatically. All three countries have a strong sense of hierarchy. It is important to address individuals with their full name and title in both China and Japan,...
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...You are a student mentor. A student is considering becoming a Certified Management Accountant (CMA) or Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) and asked you for advice. In response, write a formal memo that describes the careers of a CMA and CIA, how they differ, and how to choose between them. Here are two CMA and CIA sources: CMA website: http://www.imanet.org/ima_home.aspx CIA website: https://na.theiia.org/Pages/IIAHome.aspx You have to find two other credible sources. Meet the following requirements: * Use proper memo conventions: Memorandum To: [Tab in to create a straight alignment] From: ____________________________________________ Date: ____________________________________________ Subject: ____________________________________________ Remember that memos and letters differ. While letters include a salutation (Dear _____) and complimentary close (Sincerely), memos do not. * Use the full-block format—all lines left justified, single spaced, with a line space between paragraphs and one-inch margins all around. * Use the Times New Roman 12-point font. * Write between 300 – 600 words, not including the memo headers, the second-page header, or the references. * Use a second-page header: For this assignment use, Your last name, CMA or CIA/Page 2 [without the italics]. * Craft the subject line so it identifies the memo’s purpose and sets its tone. * Clearly organize the memo: * The introductory paragraph responds...
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...SAMPLE BUSINESS MEMORANDUM (The business memo format is best suited for presenting analysis and results of an issue that requires no more than 2-3 pages of text and a couple of tables and exhibits. Anything longer should use a business report format with a very short transmittal memo). DATE: TO: FROM: March 13, 2004 Martha Glamour, CEO Stylish Living Magazine Simpson and Lee Consulting Associates (This tells the reader your role as writer – e.g. consultant, analyst to reporting to manager, etc.) Thomas Simpson (Principal Writer) Richard Lee (Principal Editor). (The words principal writer and editor do not appear in a real business memo; they are here for grading purposes only. In the real world you would substitute the titles of the authors, e.g. Partner or Senior Manager). RE: Analysis of existing cost system and desirability of switching to ABC. Thank you for allowing us the opportunity to work with your company (simple courtesy and positive start). As requested, we have evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of your company’s existing cost system and evaluated the desirability of switching from the existing cost system to an activity based cost system ABC). (This sentence should clearly state the “big” issue in the case. It should also help to remind the intended audience of the purpose of this memo). Our analysis uses Products X and Y as test cases to understand how the existing and proposed ABC systems would compute product costs. Based on our study, we have reached...
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