...for the economic benefits, whether or not they actually enjoy it. To be a productive worker in society, one must enjoy their profession, or whatever they may do. Fromm states that ever since the industrial revolution, people have worked simply for the money. In “Work in an Industrial Society,” Erich Fromm shows that people do not care about working, that they only work for the money, and that it leads to people becoming more lazy and apathetic. People do not have the same enjoyment of work as they did in the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and the eighteenth century. Back then, people worked to feel like they have accomplished something. In today’s world, people get up in the morning to go to work with one goal: to get out of there as early and as quickly as possible. Before, people worked to not just make a living but to obtain satisfaction with their job. No matter how basic the job was they felt that they made a difference. In “Work, Labor, Play,” W.H Auden states that Miss Hannah Arendt defines people as workers and laborers. Workers are interested in what they do as well as what society pays for their work while laborers are people who have a job for just the paycheck and to support the people that depend on them. Around the times of the Industrial Revolution, the type of worker shifted from workers to laborers. People became a part of a machine that produced whatever needed to be made in order to complete the product. People only worked for the paycheck and...
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...There are four types of technology in particular which led to four social revolutions. These four technologies are: * Animal Domestication and Plant Cultivation * The invention of the “Plow” * The invention of the “Steam Engine” * The invention of the “Microchip” These technologies not only caused changes in society but they also caused several consequences within society. The first technology is Animal Domestication and Plant Cultivation and some of the consequences which led to the first social revolution are as follows. Animal Domestication and Plant Cultivation allowed the supply of food to become more dependable triggering groups to grow larger. As groups became larger a Division of Labor was created because it was no longer necessary for people to work to provide food. Therefore, the business of trade was initiated, due to everyone having a surplus of objects. Afterwards, social inequality began to take place because everyone began to trade and groups began accumulating even more objects. I can imagine that this must have created some form of jealousy within the groups causing feuds and war with one another. As some people accumulated more and more objects, the wealthier and more powerful they became. All the power and wealth which was obtained was then passed down, allowing their descendant’s to inherit all the wealth, which in turn gave then power. The second social revolution was caused by the invention of the plow. Some of the consequences of...
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...the people living in those countries. She believes that people in the middle-east countries have the power to revolutionize their culture and fight for what they believe in. The writer is able to express the struggles and sufferings of the victims in the middle-east. Marjane Satrapi is shaped by the events in her life to become a rebel and through this, she is able to make the audience understand why people start and join revolutions in the middle-east. The writer is of the opinion that their culture is deeply flawed and in the beginning of the story, she is displeased that she has to wear a veil to school as it is mandatory for girls to wear veils, “Then came 1980: the year it became obligatory to wear the veil at school” (Satrapi, page 4), and the fact that boys and girls are still separated in school and can’t learn together. The writer mentions about her French school which was shut down because it was non-religious. The writer seeks to display the extent of cultural inequity and the social injustices that exist in her country by sharing this information with the reader. The writer uses specific characters in the story to depict the extremities and illogicalness of their culture. For example, she introduces the character, Mehri who is their maid and she falls in love with the neighbor’ son but their love is forced to end since the culture in their society prohibits such kind of...
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...Predictably Unpredictable Revolutions Revolutions occur when a society sees a weakness in a regime and has demands they want answered. In Eastern Europe this is the case with former nations who had been taken over by the Soviet Union after World War II. In 1989 and the years following the Soviet Union became more lenient controlling these nations, and people thought a revolutions could become possible but that the retaliation would be to much. In other words the public benefits from a revolution did not outweigh the private costs of trying to achieve one. In order for these revolutions to work as they did someone had to ignite the flame underneath the public, or a small group of people had to organize a plan to make people swing over their...
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...changes. There are four types of technology in particular which led to four social revolutions. These four technologies are: * Animal Domestication and Plant Cultivation * The invention of the “Plow” * The invention of the “Steam Engine” * The invention of the “Microchip” These technologies not only caused changes in society but they also caused several consequences within society. The first technology is Animal Domestication and Plant Cultivation and some of the consequences which led to the first social revolution are as follows. Animal Domestication and Plant Cultivation allowed the supply of food to become more dependable triggering groups to grow larger. As groups became larger a Division of Labor was created because it was no longer necessary for people to work to provide food. Therefore, the business of trade was initiated, due to everyone having a surplus of objects. Afterwards, social inequality began to take place because everyone began to trade and groups began accumulating even more objects. I can imagine that this must have created some form of jealousy within the groups causing feuds and war with one another. As some people accumulated more and more objects, the wealthier and more powerful they became. All the power and wealth which was obtained was then passed down, allowing their descendant’s to inherit all the wealth, which in turn gave then power. The second social revolution was caused by the invention of the plow. Some of the consequences of this technology...
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...book review “The New Digital Age” by Eric Schmidt and Jared Cohen gives us their vision of how technology will impact and reshape our lives in the future; a world of fully connectivity where every individual will be a part of the whole virtual world through the critical development of technology. Schmidt and Cohen’s argument is that the rapid improvement of computer technology with internet access will significantly connect and transfer every aspect of life from the physical world to the new virtual one, whether it is for the better, for the worse, or just different. The book also addresses the way humans interact with, apply, and explore technology in life and the guidance for humans to adapt the changes in the new technological revolution. The two authors start by introducing a variety of new technologies which are created and used to increase our efficiency such as smart devices, “additive manufacturing” _ 3-D printing, artificial intelligence, voice and gesture recognition, and robotics. These new technologies provide new opportunities for not only business but also many other fields including: education, healthcare, and entertainment. They indicate that the global trend will be supported strongly as connectivity spreads become power in the future, and an effective working environment will be created when the new technology’s invention removes language and geographical barriers. Technology innovation will also affect our traditional routines and improve the quality...
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...Trustees of Princeton University Now Out of Never: The Element of Surprise in the East European Revolution of 1989 Author(s): Timur Kuran Source: World Politics, Vol. 44, No. 1 (Oct., 1991), pp. 7-48 Published by: Cambridge University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2010422 . Accessed: 26/02/2011 05:24 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at . http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=cup. . Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Cambridge University Press and Trustees of Princeton University...
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...Rebellion In many countries, it is tough and hard for many to live due to the country having many problems and giving hardships and unfairness to the people. This tends to make the people of the country very angry at what they go through and then this starts to causes a rebellion because the people of the country try to make changes and make it easier for them. But in some countries, the idea of a rebellion wasn’t taken so lightly. Some rebellions were treated with gun fire and others were treated by being put in jail. In the text Lolita in Tehran, Persepolis 2 and Cairo: my city, my revolution it helps us to get more information on how the author felt the idea of a rebellion was treated. In the text of Cairo: my city, our revolution...
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...One of the main forces that shape social change over the past centuries is technology. There are four technological innovations were considered accountable for social revolutions: The domestication of plants and animals over the centuries, the invention of the plow, the invention of the steam engine, and the invention of the computer all led to massive social change (Henslin 390). The transition from hunting and gathering to a pastoral society changed earlier societies by enabling them to abandon drifting practices and establish fixed residences. The invention of the plow revolutionized agricultural methods and increased yields, allowing societies to support larger populations. The invention of the steam engine in the 18th century converted the transportation capabilities of society and spurred additional improvements as people and materials could be quickly transported on land for distances in the past was unthinkable. Finally, it is difficult to understate the ways in which the microchip and personal computer have fundamentally altered the organization of society; the instant access to and constant flows of information have changed communication, education, and business in modern society. In light of the social change produced by these technological innovations, sociologist William Ogburn claimed that technology was the basic cause of social change. In particular, he identified three processes by which technology drove social change: Invention, discovery, and diffusion....
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...Technology has been a primary driver of social change for thousands of years. In particular, four technological innovations were responsible for social revolutions: The domestication of plants and animals over ten thousand years ago, the invention of the plow, the invention of the steam engine, and the invention of the computer all led to massive social change (Henslin 390). The transition from hunting and gathering to a pastoral society changed earlier societies by enabling them to abandon migratory practices and establish fixed residences. The invention of the plow revolutionized agricultural techniques and increased yields, allowing societies to sustain larger populations. The invention of the steam engine in the 18th century transformed the transportation capabilities of society and spurred further innovation as people and materials could be quickly transported on land for distances previously unimaginable. Finally, it is difficult to understate the ways in which the microchip and personal computer have fundamentally altered the organization of society; the instant access to and constant flows of information have changed communication, education, and business in modern society. In light of the social change wrought by these technological innovations, sociologist William Ogburn argued that technology was the basic cause of social change. In particular, he identified three processes by which technology drove social change: Invention, discovery, and diffusion. While...
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...Books by Saul Alinsky John L. Lewis, An Unauthorized Biography Reveille for Radicals The Professional Radical (with Marian Sanders) Rules for Radicals RULES FOR RADICALS A Practical Primer for Realistic Radicals SAUL D. ALINSKY RANDOM HOUSE New York Acknowledgments This chapter "Of Means and Ends" was presented in the Auburn Lecture Series at Union Theological Seminary. Some of the other sections of this book were delivered in part in lectures before the Leaders of America series at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California; Yale Political Union, New Haven, Connecticut, April, 1970; The Willis D. Wood Fellowship Lecture, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts, May, 1969; American Society of Newspaper Editors, Washington, D.C., 1968; U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Washington, D.C.; March, 1968; A.F. of L.-C.I.O. Labor Press Association, Miami, Florida, December, 1967; American Whig-Cliosophic Society, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 1967; Centennial Address, Episcopal Theological Seminary, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1968; Harvard Medical Conference, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1969. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 Copyright © 1971 by Saul D. Alinsky All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by Random House, Inc., New York, and simultaneously in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto. ISBN: 0-394-44341-1 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 70-117651 ...
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...IMAGINING INDIA IDEAS FOR THE NEW CENTURY Nandan Nilekani Allen Lane, Penguin Books India, 2008, 531p, `425 ISBN 9780670081967 Who would’ve thought that an entrepreneur who has revolutionized Information Technology (IT), not only in India but all across the world, would write a book on anything other than IT? Although it’s not very surprising that the author chose to write about Indian economy, the problems it faces and ideas that will solve these problems; the logical deduction from the author’s past experiences would point towards a book primarily about IT. However, the author’s past experience as an entrepreneur fighting customer perceptions of India’s delivery capabilities on one hand and bureaucratic hurdles on the other has helped write this book better. The book primarily talks with the youth of the country as the driver of change that the country needs. India has the youngest population in the world with a median age of 23 years. The author emphasizes on how the relatively young work force of our country is more of an advantage to the country rather than a burden. In this book, the author has presented a very optimistic picture of the future of the country and he considers the next few years of reforms to reinforce India as one of the dominant economies besides China. The author has also highlighted how people accept Globalization in the present time and how they have reacted to Globalization in the past. The author has given examples of Coca-Cola, McDonalds...
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...Information Systems in the Social Sciences I. Abstract Brief explanation of essay on the evaluation of positivist philosophical concepts of information systems (IS). II. Information Systems in the Social Sciences Collins, J. (2001). Good to great: Why some companies make the leap…and others don’t. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers. Collins discusses the field of information systems from a perspective that can relate to the scope and familiarity of organizational information technology perceptions. McLaren, T. S., Head, M. M., Yuan, Y., & Chan, Y. E. (2011). A multilevel model for measuring fit between a firm's competitive strategies and information systems capabilities. MIS Quarterly, 35(4), 909-A10. Supporting documentation towards information systems in the social sciences. III. Philosophical concepts in Information Systems Bagozzi, R. P. (2011). Measurement and meaning in information systems and organizational research: Methodological and philosophical foundations. MIS Quarterly, 35(2), 261-292. Bagozzi discusses different kinds of knowledge practitioners and researchers in IS. Collins, J. (2001). Good to great: Why some companies make the leap…and others don’t. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers. Collins discusses the influences on business decisions and influences on leadership decisions. IV. Philosophical assumptions DeLuca, D., & Kock, N. (2007). Publishing information systems...
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...Better Solutions to Information Overload Substantial information overload is present in every organization. I can recall specifically working in the Marketing/IT department for a small computer outsourcing firm several years ago in Omaha, Nebraska. The company’s business model was to show potential clients that outsourcing their finance, IT and HR department’s data systems with their firm could save them tremendously short and long term. The company invested millions of dollars into state-of-the-art data storage facilities that housed numerous amounts of data. These storage facilities could withstand everything mother nature could through at it. In 1998, this was a great business model, considering the millennium bug or Y2K problem was the hot IT issue. At the same time, I thought it was a strike contrast that a small, up and coming IT company would neglect internal issues that would impede their employees from making the company competitive. The company decided to implement an internal website or intranet as the focal point for retrieving data. The company’s intranet had an abundance of information that was injected with data from a barrage of sources. According to a 2009 report by Watson Wyatt, “only 50% of employees accessed the intranet on a daily basis; 80% said their company’s system needed improvement; and 50% said searching on their intranet was too difficult” (Nasiri, 2009). Based on my past experiences, I think organizations are likely to find better solutions...
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...Information overload is a situation that has concerned many organizations. However, through the use of technology and ever-changing systems, organizations are developing new ways of controlling this problem. What is information overload? This is what some say in respect to information and what is happening to organizations in today’s fast paced hi- tech world; we are being overloaded with technological advances and information to the point where we will not be able to handle all this information and eventually burst. In actuality it is very improbable such an event will occur, with the advances that have allowed for such a great quantity in the flow of networked information has also allowed for that information to be managed successfully. Also organizations understanding of how to manage knowledge as well as holding an understanding to the relationship between information, data, knowledge, and wisdom are crucial to their success in not being inundated by mass amounts of information. This is no new problem to the human populous either, mankind has been dealing with this since our beginning and will continue for our existence; this is what allows us to succeed and be successful as a species in whole. At the beginning of Man’s very existence information has continually been compounding, and man has successfully been collecting and improving upon past lessons. Along with continually building on knowledge man had to come to terms with a way to store the knowledge and pass it...
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