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FILE ORGANISATION AND FILE ACCESS
Review: Storage devices can be categorized according the manner in which they access data. There are two types of access: 1. Sequential access (the retrieval of data in the order in which it was stored). Example of sequential access storage media - MAGNETIC TAPE. The data stored on magnetic tapes have to be read in sequence. It is impossible to jump the middle of the tape to find a particular data item. Random access (the ability of the computer to go directly to a specific piece of data on the storage media without having to access any other data). Examples of direct access storage media – Most other secondary storage media such as floppy disk and hard disk that allow software medium without having to access any other data. Files of Records In any computer system data is stored in files. There are different types of files:  Text files contain just the characters that you include in them.  Word Processing files contain text but they also contain how the document should be laid out.  Files of records. A file of records is the simplest form of database. A record is a collection of all the data about a single item in a file. For example, the details of the members of a club may be held in a file. Each record would contain the data about just one club member. The file would hold a record for each member of the club. The data about each member would fall under a series of headings known as fields. The fields could include surname, first name, and the date when they joined the club. Each row is a record in a file. Each record will have data in one or more of the fields. Files of records are used by many different software applications. For example, the phone directory on a cell phone is a file of records. File Organisation Three main methods of file organisation are: 1. Sequential 2. Indexed-Sequential 3. Random Sequential files can be

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