...Evaluating Patient Fall in Hospitals 1 Evaluating Patient Falls in Hospitals Michael Carter Southern Illinois University August 12, 2012 Evaluating Patient Falls In Hospitals 2 Abstract Hospitalization represents a vulnerable time for elderly people. The presence of acute illness, an unfamiliar environment, and the frequent addition of new medications predispose an elderly patient to such iatrogenic hazards of hospitalization as falls, pressure ulcers, and delirium.1 A fall is a seminal event in the life of an elderly person. Even a fall without injury can initiate a vicious circle that begins with a fear of falling and is followed by a self-restriction of mobility, which commonly results in a decline in function.4 Functional decline in the elderly has been shown to predict mortality and nursing home placement.5 Inpatient falls are thought to occur via a complex interplay between medications, inherent patient susceptibilities, and hospital environmental hazards Falls are the leading cause of injury-related visits to emergency departments in the United States and the primary etiology of accidental deaths in persons over the age of 65 years. The mortality rate for falls increases dramatically with age in both sexes and in all racial and ethnic groups, with falls accounting for 70 percent of accidental deaths in persons 75 years of age and older. Falls can...
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...Elderly Health Service, Department of Health, Hong Kong. E-mail: w_m_chan@dh.gov.hk ABSTRACT Care for the elderly was one of the 3 main policy objectives of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in 1997. Many policy initiatives have been introduced in terms of financial support, better housing, and long-term care services. For active ageing, an innovative project known as the ‘Elder Academy’ aimed at promoting intergenerational cohesion, which is now under threat owing to changing social patterns. With the rapid increase in the number of ‘old-olds’, more resources on dementia care, community support, professional staff development, carer training, and coordination of care are necessary. In terms of financing, shared responsibility is the only viable option. In the 2012-13 budget speech, a pilot for community care service voucher as a means of promoting ageing at home was announced. As the coming cohorts of elders are more affluent and knowledgeable, they tend to be healthier and have different demands and expectations, such as independent living with better quality of life. The private sector may explore the markets of community care services and elder-oriented products. To meet the emerging needs, a holistic approach should be adopted, with modifications of the labour laws to make use of the talents of elders and to provide more flexible work arrangements for family members to care for elders. Key word: Health services for the aged AN UNFORESEEN SITUATION “Population...
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...Running Head: CHRONIC CONSTIPATION TREATMENT Prucalopride for the treatment of chronic constipation in women in whom laxatives fail to provide adequate relief [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] Prucalopride for the treatment of chronic constipation in women in whom laxatives fail to provide adequate relief Structured Abstract The literature analysis was carried out to determine the degree to explore former researches that have been carried out in the area of the usage of Prucalopride. In this regard, the usage and utility of Prucalopride was explored with reference to women who do not respond to the usage of laxatives in chronic constipation cases. An exploration of a vast volume of research established that the usage of Prucalopride has been explored extensively but there is a lack of literature that pertains to the usage of Prucalopride with regard to women in particular. Through a sequential elaboration of chronic constipation, chronic constipation in women, and an exploration of the trends that have come forth in the experimentation that has been carried out to ascertain the utility of Prucalopride for women where laxatives have not yielded results; it was revealed that there is a lack of extended experimentation in the area. Background Constipation Constipation is generally observed in western societies and it is not an uncommon recording in clinical practices. Due to the high frequency of the occurrence of constipation, it is generally...
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...IMS Market Prognosis 2009-2013 EUROPE RUSSIA © 2009 IMS Health Incorporated or its affiliates. All rights reserved. IMS HEALTH 7 Harewood Avenue London NW1 6JB, UK Tel: +44 (0)20 3075 5888, Fax: +44 (0)20 3075 5999 service@imshealth.com http://www.imshealth.com The Information Service contained herein is confidential and provided subject to the IMS Health Information Services Standard Terms and Conditions. This Information Service is provided to the client on a personal basis under a non-exclusive and non-transferable licence for the Client’s own direct benefit and use only, and may not be copied or divulged to any other party. Whilst every possible care has been taken in the preparation of this information, the publishers do not hold themselves responsible for any expressions of opinion or error or omission, or any action resulting therefrom. © 2009 IMS Health Incorporated or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Published: June 2009 IMS Market Prognosis Europe 2009-2013 Russia 2009 Table of Contents MARKET SYNOPSIS ....................................................................................................6 FORECAST SUMMARY .................................................................................................8 MARKET FORECAST ...................................................................................................................................... 8 THERAPEUTIC CLASS FORECASTS ........................................
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...HADM 339 – Essay Major themes in health care in Canada include access to services. Identify the issues, identify the changes you believe are needed and discuss the approach you would propose to implement these changes. Simply put, access in the health care sector refers to the ability for a patient to receive the care and services required to maintain a healthy quality of life. Access to health care services continues to be a key issue for Canadians and health policy makers.1,2 Key issues exist in several dimensions of the health care process, including access to a specialist, non-emergency surgery and non-emergency diagnostic testing. More specifically, it is the significant amount of time one will spend waiting for their opportunity to receive these services that remains a concern. Among those who had waited for specialist visits, 29% reported unacceptable waits. This was also true for 17% of patients who were waiting for a non-emergency surgery and 20% for those waiting for diagnostic testing.3 Median waiting times for all specialized services remained relatively stable between 2003 and 2005 at 3 to 4 weeks, depending on the kind of care. Approximately 18% of individuals who visited a specialist indicated that waiting for the visit affected their life, compared with 11% and 12% for non-emergency surgery and diagnostic tests respectively.4 Despite several efforts made by government agencies, access still remains one of the foremost issues identified. Billions...
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...rights reserved. Acknowledgement India’s competitive advantage lies in the lower production and research cost, its large pool of low cost technical and scientifically trained personnel, and large number of compliance certified manufacturers and service providers, which make us different from others. ASSOCHAM feels that technology incubation is no longer confined to a few institutions; it is a responsibility that we have to share, if we wish to see a better and a healthy future ahead. There is an immense need to develop skilled manpower in the area of healthcare and modern as well as traditional medicines. I am glad that this Summit on Emerging trends in Healthcare will bring forth the journey from research desk to the bedside of patient, as we will look at healthcare at the frontline to identify some common challenges that may help explain the complex nature of healthcare and the scale of the “change” challenge. I wish to thank KPMG for unanimously contributing towards this Knowledge Paper, which gives a rich and comprehensive insight of the trend in healthcare. I would also take the opportunity to thank QCI for supporting this event. The case studies contributed providing the best of their services and support towards improving the healthcare scenario of India, I wish them great success ahead. Last but not the least, I wish to extend a token of appreciation for the Healthcare/ BioPharma team for their effort and interaction with the Healthcare/Bio Pharma industry...
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...Project 2: PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS Financing Public Health Care Introduction Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Africa after Nigeria. Over the last decade the country’s economy has registered rapid growth with a GDP of 10.9% annual average growth rate (World Bank, 2015). About 80% of diseases in the country are attributable to preventable conditions related to infectious diseases, malnutrition, and hygiene. The infectious diseases most commonly encountered are: malaria, diarrhea, acute respiratory infections and tuberculosis. Close to 70% of premature deaths are caused by infectious diseases while non-communicable chronic diseases account for 30% of deaths (Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH), 2015). The World Health Organization (WHO) (2015) reports that the life expectancy at birth for Ethiopia is currently 65 (from 45 in 1990), ranking the country amongst the top six countries where life expectancy increased the most. Financing Public Health Care The Ethiopian health care system is structured into a three-tier system: primary, secondary and tertiary level of care. The primary level of care includes primary hospital, health center and health post. The Primary Health Care Unit (a health center and five satellite health posts) provides services to 25,000 people. A primary hospital provides services to an average population of 100,000 while a general hospital serves one million people (FMoH, 2015). The past twenty-year Health Sector Development Program...
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...Abstract Developing countries can generate effective solutions for today’s global health challenges. This paper reviews relevant literature to construct the case for international cooperation, and in particular, developed-developing country partnerships. Standard database and web-based searches were conducted for publications in English between 1990 and 2010. Studies containing full or partial data relating to international cooperation between developed and developing countries were retained for further analysis. Of 227 articles retained through initial screening, 65 were included in the final analysis. The results were two-fold: some articles pointed to intangible benefits accrued by developed country partners, but the majority of information pointed to developing country innovations that can potentially inform health systems in developed countries. This information spanned all six WHO health system components. Ten key health areas where developed countries have the most to learn from the developing world were identified and include, rural health service delivery; skills substitution; decentralisation of management; creative problem-solving; education in communicable disease control; innovation in mobile phone use; low technology simulation training; local product manufacture; health financing; and social entrepreneurship. While there are no guarantees that innovations from developing country experiences can effectively transfer to developed countries, combined developed-developing...
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...TERM PAPER ON Public Private Partnership in Rural Health Management in India Dec -2013 Contents Lists of Contents Page No 1. List of Abbreviations 3 2. Abstract 4 3. Introduction 6 3.1 Private Sector in India 7 3.2 THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN HEALTH CARE 8 3.3 Public/Private Partnership 8 3.4 OBJECTIVES OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS 10 3.5 Classifying PPPs 10 3.6 Challenges in Partnership 11 3.7 Characteristics of Partnership 12 3.8 Scope and types of partnership 13 3.9 The Study for Research paper 15 3.10.1 Analysis and Discussion 16 3.10.2 Overview of the Case Studies 16 3.10.3 Enabling Conditions 17 3.10.4 Equity and Accessibility 19 3.10 Private partner selection and obligations of the Partners 19 3.11 Performance Specifications 20 3.12 Resource implications 20 3.13 Autonomy 21 3.14 Technical and managerial capacity 22 3.15 Quality of services 23 3.16 Stakeholder Perspectives 23 4. Summary and Conclusion 24 5. References 26 6. Annexure 29 1. List of Abbreviations PPP Public Private Partnership HSR Health Sector Reform ADBI Asian Development Bank Institute NRHM National Rural Health Mission FRU First Referral Unit MMVs...
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...diseases due to natural disasters such as tsunamis, floods and landslides. Although this health crisis can be controlled, precaution step should be made to predict and plan the early action if a similar crisis hit again especially to our country. Health and welfare of the citizen is the key for Malaysia or other country to achieve their objectives of economic and community development. Improved in health system contribute to labor productive and is core to make any country to become better. Malaysia has implemented the best in expanding their health services to the public. Malaysia health care system has been relatively successful in providing health services fairly to the poor through public subsidies. Although the health care delivery system is efficient, expenditure on healthcare needs to be enhanced to handle the demands and pressures on the health care system that is parallel with development. This is not only for Malaysia, but also the same to other Asian country and...
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...INDEX Sl. No. 1. 2. Executive Summary Chapter 1 – Introduction Chapter 2 - Financing Healthcare for the Aged The aged in India—National Policy for the aged--Policy framework for reforms in Health in India— Health of the ageing population in India—Provision of healthcare: Access and Service quality— Financing of Health in India: Public and Private expenditure — Need for financial protection. Chapter 3 – Health Insurance in India Development of Insurance in India—Evolution of Health Insurance in India— Current Perspective. Chapter 4 – Need For Reforms In Health Insurance Existing Regulatory provisions- Need for Reforms from the Senior Citizens’ perspective Chapter 5 - Access To Health Insurance For Senior Citizens Products currently available for Senior Citizens—Underwriting practices of insurers—Affordability and accessibility Chapter 6- Product Design Proper product design—Design mechanisms: Insured persons; Providers; Insurers --- Basic, Standard, Enhanced products—Policy clauses—Health Insurance data—The ‘age’ factor— Overseas Travel Insurance— Government Subsidized and Low Cost Health Insurance Plans for Senior Citizens---Recommendations. Chapter 7– Risk Based Underwriting And Pricing Pricing adequacy and equity—Pricing of the mandatory cover for Senior Citizens—Underwriting based on health status-Affordability -Recommendations. Chapter 8 - Expanding The Coverage Of Health Insurance Socio-economic scenario in India—Penetration of Health Insurance in India—Health insurance...
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...COUNTRY ANALYSIS REPORT: MEXICO VS U.S.A HEALTHCARE MERCK - DIABETES Group 14 – Campus Santa Fe: Angelica Hidalgo 1461526 Alejandro Meza 1464801 Cinthia Merlos 1462113 Juan José Ibarra 1465263 April 10th, 2012 INDEX 1. INTRODUCTION 2. ECONOMIC VARIABLES 3. POLITICAL VARIABLES 4. SOCIO –CULTURAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES 5. COUNTRY ATTRACTIVENESS SCORE 6. THE DECISION 7. EXHIBITS 8. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. INTRODUCTION 2. ECONOMIC VARIABLES The total economic impact of diabetes worldwide In the world the economic impact about the diabetes was 376 billion dollar in 2010, this is the 11.6% of the total healthcare budget in the world. This facts give us an idea about how is important to analyze the impact in economies of this disease and we are going to go deeper for the analysis of Mexico and United States of America. MEXICO In Mexico the economic impact due to diabetes cost more than 7 billion dollars in 2011 according to the Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica. And is expected an increase of 15% this year of 2012 this impact is really huge because 50% of this expense was made by families and the other 50% was made by government in Latin America Mexico is the country...
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...HEALTH CARE IN INDIA - VISION 2020 ISSUES AND PROSPECTS R. Srinivisan INTRODUCTION Key linkages in health Health and health care need to be distinguished from each other for no better reason than that the former is often incorrectly seen as a direct function of the latter. Heath is clearly not the mere absence of disease. Good Health confers on a person or groups freedom from illness - and the ability to realize one's potential. Health is therefore best understood as the indispensable basis for defining a person's sense of well being. The health of populations is a distinct key issue in public policy discourse in every mature society often determining the deployment of huge society. They include its cultural understanding of ill health and well-being, extent of socio-economic disparities, reach of health services and quality and costs of care. and current bio-mcdical understanding about health and illness. Health care covers not merely medical care but also all aspects pro preventive care too. Nor can it be limited to care rendered by or financed out of public expenditure- within the government sector alone but must include incentives and disincentives for self care and care paid for by private citizens to get over ill health. Where, as in India, private out-of-pocket expenditure dominates the cost financing health care, the effects are bound t be regressive. Heath care at its essential core is widely recognized to be a public good. Its demand and...
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...seniors over 65 years old, patients with disability and those suffering from end stage renal diseases, contributes enormously to the rising cost of care in the United States. Key cost drivers within Medicare are the leading chronic diseases and its risk factors. This program plan institutes preventative educational and training programs to help minimize and alleviate ailments associated with major chronic diseases and its risk factors. The plan identifies demographic groups affected by leading chronic diseases, specifies target stakeholders, and justifies how their contribution impacts the program. This plan outlines program case statement detailing the mission, goals, objectives, organizational history and structure as well as plans devised for fundraising. The plan does a thorough problem analysis to identify unmet needs necessitating this intervention plan. This P Plan presents a financial statement that describes the tax status of the P-Plan and reports a year’s budget estimate with relevant financial policies that justifies and strategically integrates budget with objectives, goals and mission to ensure fiscal accountability and responsibility. A human resource structure is illustrated in this P-Plan detailing list of positions and job descriptions with corresponding conflict of interest methodologies, employee training methods and effective ways of communicating to stakeholders. This P- Plan further demonstrates communication and marketing schemes that promotes plan’s mission...
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...Kompally, Secunderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. Pursuing Ph D from Osmania University, jayalakshmi@ssim.ac.in *This paper was presented at the National Seminar on Health Insurance “A Decade of Experience: Health Care Insurance… Present Scenario”, in Hyderabad on 24th January, 2012. The Burgeoning Indian Health Insurance Industry: ……...Yet miles to go!!! Introduction Health insurance has become one of the fastest growing segments in the non-life insurance industry in India in the recent years, experiencing a robust sixty per cent remarkable growth during 2007 – 08 over the past year. From a modest premium volume of Rs. 675 crore in 2001- 02 the health insurance premium has grown to Rs. 7803 crores in year 2009-2010, and is poised to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25 to 30 per cent to reach a market size of around Rs 28,000 crore by financial year (FY) 2015 as per IRDA estimates. This segment is also emerging as an increasingly significant line of business for life insurance companies too, after the Regulator IRDA has granted permission to the life insurance companies also, to sell health insurance policies. Increasing awareness for the need for health insurance, rising health care costs and the recent detariffication of the general insurance industry from January 2007, thereby, emphasizing more...
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