...THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM Centre for Risk & Insurance Studies Privatization of the Insurance Market in India: From the British Raj to Monopoly Raj to Swaraj Tapen Sinha CRIS Discussion Paper Series – 2002.X Privatization of the Insurance Market in India: From the British Raj to Monopoly Raj to Swaraj by Tapen Sinha, Ph.D. ING Comercial America Chair Professor Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México Mexico City, Mexico and Professor, School of Business University of Nottingham, UK tapen@itam.mx, tapen@nottingham.ac.uk Abstract We examine the institution of insurance in India. Over the past century, Indian insurance industry has gone through big changes. It started as a fully private system with no restriction on foreign participation. After the independence, the industry went to the other extreme. It became a state-owned monopoly. In 1991, when rapid changes took place in many parts of the Indian economy, nothing happened to the institutional structure of insurance: it remained a monopoly. Only in 1999, a new legislation came into effect signaling a change in the insurance industry structure. We examine what might happen in the future when the domestic private insurance companies are allowed to compete with some foreign participation. Because of the time dependence of insurance contracts, it is highly unlikely that these erstwhile monopolies are going to disappear. Acknowledgement: I would like to thank Rebecca Benedict and Samik Dasgupta for their input in...
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...Privatisation On Life Insurance Corporation Of India Economics Essay With the advent of new players in the field of Life insurance sector, the degree of competition has increased multifold. The private insurance companies are launching new innovative insurance plans for their survival and growth. At the same time, Life Insurance Corporation of India has upgraded their quality of service to retain, maintain and attract new business. An attempt has been made to study the impact of privatization on LIC. The Development Officers were contacted to know their observations about the impact of privatization on their life insurance business and their views as how their life insurance business has been influenced by the opening of the sector. LIC has made a lot of changes in its operation and latest technology is being used to serve the customer. The customer grievances are properly attended and all maturity claims are settled to the entire satisfaction of the policyholders. The privatization of the sector has brought lot of opportunities for all the players. Under such situation, fittest of the fit will survive and the rest will vanish over a period of time. In the year 2000, when the insurance sector was privatized, many companies entered into the insurance sector and as a result competition has increased multifold. Initially, most of the private life insurance companies spent huge amount of money on advertisement. The purpose of the advertisement was to inform the public about their...
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...Privatisation On Life Insurance Corporation Of India Economics Essay With the advent of new players in the field of Life insurance sector, the degree of competition has increased multifold. The private insurance companies are launching new innovative insurance plans for their survival and growth. At the same time, Life Insurance Corporation of India has upgraded their quality of service to retain, maintain and attract new business. An attempt has been made to study the impact of privatization on LIC. The Development Officers were contacted to know their observations about the impact of privatization on their life insurance business and their views as how their life insurance business has been influenced by the opening of the sector. LIC has made a lot of changes in its operation and latest technology is being used to serve the customer. The customer grievances are properly attended and all maturity claims are settled to the entire satisfaction of the policyholders. The privatization of the sector has brought lot of opportunities for all the players. Under such situation, fittest of the fit will survive and the rest will vanish over a period of time. In the year 2000, when the insurance sector was privatized, many companies entered into the insurance sector and as a result competition has increased multifold. Initially, most of the private life insurance companies spent huge amount of money on advertisement. The purpose of the advertisement was to inform the public about their...
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...Published-17/01/2013] ABSTRACT Privatization in generic terms refers to the process of transfer of ownership, can be of both permanent or long term lease in nature, of a once upon a time state-owned or public owned property to individuals or groups that intend to utilize it for private benefits and run the entity with the aim of profit maximization. In other words, it is a route from public or state ownership to private players or a group. From the other point of view, it is a strategy that provides advantages to a few at the price of many. However, this is always subjected to the circumstances involved. In this paper, the aim is to understand the major advantages and disadvantages of privatization in this country. Index Terms: Privatisation, advantages, Public administration. I. INTRODUCTION Privatization is a managerial approach that has attracted the interest of many categories of peopleacademicians, politicians, government employees, players of the private sector, and public on the whole. As per the opinion by the subject experts, privatization can be advantageous in terms of the higher flexibility and scope of innovation it offers along with cost savings, many a times. However, other specialists defiantly debate that privatization has an adverse impact on the employee morale and generate fear of dislocation or termination. More likely it also adds on to the apprehensions pertaining to accountability and quality. Experts both advocate and criticize privatization making it more or less...
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...Insurance- Introduction Insurance= Protection against Risk • Insurance is a co-operative device of distributing losses, falling on an individual or family over a large number of persons, each bearing a nominal expenditure & feeling secured against heavy loss. • Insurance business has emerged as one of the prominent financial services during recent times, particularly in developing countries where it could not grow before globalization. But it is very difficult to trace exactly when insurance originated. Privatization in insuranceThe Narasimha Rao government (1991-96) which unleashed liberal changesin Indias rigid economic structure could not handle this political hot potato.Ironically, it is the coalition government in power today which has declaredits intention of opening up insurance to the private sector. Ironical becausethis government is at the mercy of support from the left groups which havebeen the most vociferous opponents of any such move.All segments of the financial sector had been opened to private playerswithbetter product, services & social objective International players are eyeing the vast potential of the Indian market and are already making plans to come in. Types of Insurance Privatization has brought in lot of surprises for insurance sector. In India, insurance sector is at the booming stage as only 40% of the population is insured. Private organizations are striving hard and hard to develop the sector. €Government is also supporting the insurance...
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...Published-17/01/2013] ABSTRACT Privatization in generic terms refers to the process of transfer of ownership, can be of both permanent or long term lease in nature, of a once upon a time state-owned or public owned property to individuals or groups that intend to utilize it for private benefits and run the entity with the aim of profit maximization. In other words, it is a route from public or state ownership to private players or a group. From the other point of view, it is a strategy that provides advantages to a few at the price of many. However, this is always subjected to the circumstances involved. In this paper, the aim is to understand the major advantages and disadvantages of privatization in this country. Index Terms: Privatisation, advantages, Public administration. I. INTRODUCTION Privatization is a managerial approach that has attracted the interest of many categories of peopleacademicians, politicians, government employees, players of the private sector, and public on the whole. As per the opinion by the subject experts, privatization can be advantageous in terms of the higher flexibility and scope of innovation it offers along with cost savings, many a times. However, other specialists defiantly debate that privatization has an adverse impact on the employee morale and generate fear of dislocation or termination. More likely it also adds on to the apprehensions pertaining to accountability and quality. Experts both advocate and criticize privatization making it more or less...
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...than ever since the budget-cutting and privatization began around 1970 with the election of Ronald Regan from the United States and Margaret Thatcher from the United Kingdom, who vowed to reduce spending expenditures for public services and their privatization (Morgan & England, 1988). Since than numerous nations have national health systems in place that cover almost if not all its population, the advancement in medical technology today have made health insurance increasingly expensive which have lead governments to seek cost-effective...
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...KING SAUD UNIVERSITY NURSING COLLEGE MASTER PROGRAM 502 NUR HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM Health care system Environment Presented by :EIDAH ALHARTHI, Supervised by : Dr. MELENA Outline : * Introduction * Goals of health care system. * The scope and size of healthcare system. * The basic functions of healthcare system: financing; insurance; payment; delivery (Providers). * Health care system: * A health care delivery system is a mechanism for providing services that meet the health-related needs of individuals. * Goles of health care system: * There are two key objectives of a health care delivery system: * To provide universal access and to deliver services that are cost-effective. * To meet pre-established standards of quality. * Health care services in Saudi Arabia have been given a high priority by the government. During the past few decades, health and health services have improved greatly in terms of quantity and quality. * HOW !! * Gallagher has stated that: “Although many nations have seen sizable growth in their health care systems, probably no other nation (other than Saudi Arabia] of large geographic expanse and population has, in comparable time, achieved so much on a broad national scale, with a relatively high level of care made available to virtually all seg- ments of the population. * According to the World Health Organization (WHO) , the Saudi health care system is ranked 26th among 190 of...
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... HEALTHCARE SECTOR CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. PRIVATIZATION 1.2 INDIAN HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY 1.2.1 DRIVERS FOR GROWTH OF HEALTHCARE 1.3 PUBLIC HEALTHCARE IN INDIA 1.4 PRIVATE SECTOR IN THE INDIAN HEALTHCARE DELIVERY SYSTEM 1.4.1 GOVERNMENT POLICIES TO SUPPORT THE GROWTH OF PRIVATE SECTOR 1.4.2 FDI IN THE INDIAN HEALTHCARE 1.4.2.1 STATUS AND PROSPECTS FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN HOSPITALS IN INDIA 1.4.2.2 CONSTRAINTS TO FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN HOSPITALS IN INDIA 1.4.2.3 FOREIGN PRESENCE IN HOSPITALS IN INDIA 1.4.2.4 SUMMARY OF PROS AND CONS FOR FINANCING SOURCES OF HOSPITALS OBJECTIVES 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 3. ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF PRIVATIZATION IN THE HEALTHCARE SECTOR 3.1 QUALITY AND PRIVATE HEALTHCARE SERVICES 3.2 IMPACT OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN HOSPITALS IN INDIA 3.3 CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF PRIVATE SECTOR 3.4 EMERGING TRENDS IN HOSPITALS IN INDIA: CHALLENGES AND INTERVENTIONS 4. CONCLUSION 5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 6. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 PRIVATIZATION Privatization can also be called denationalization or disinvestment. All three terms describe a situation where a government decides to transfer control of a government, and thus public owned, resource to the private business sector,...
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... 02 Privatization in Bangladesh: Problems and Prospects Muhammad Ruhul Amin( Showkat Ara Khanam(( Abstract: Privatization has been advocated in the development literatures as the gateway of the growth and development of the countries all around the world. Despite the phenomenal expansion of privatization programs, the results differed from country to country. Some could achieve the desired goals and some failed enormously. However, the World Bank and the IMF continued their campaign of privatization for less developed countries (LDCs) including Bangladesh to stimulate their growth and development. Some LDCs have adopted privatization programs of their own volition. The central theme of this paper is to examine the implications of privatization for the overall development of Bangladesh. The paper raises a number of issues in this regard. The issues involve meaning, significance, approaches, strategies and effectiveness of privatization. While seeking solutions to these issues, the problems inherent in policy formulation and its implementation strategies have been clearly spelled out in the paper. The authors suggest that in order to make privatization efforts a success, an indigenously designed pragmatic policy needs to be undertaken. They warn that the policy prescriptions of external sources including donor agencies, pressure groups and political lobbyists should be handled with great care and caution. 1. Introduction Privatization has been...
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...Introduction Omanization generally is a insurance coverage transferred over the federal government relating to Oman inside of 1988 directed at swapping expatriate individuals along with informed Omani Employees. This specific Sultanate relating to Oman bits quotas meant for many business groups to appreciate when it comes to your current fraction relating to Omani for you to overseas individuals. Corporations which will reach their unique federal government dominated goals acquire just about any "green card", for example that they earn press factor in addition to preferential therapy of their purchases with all the federal government. Several Colleges are generally commenced over the Sultanate to show Omani individuals. Their Majesty Sultan Qaboos presents released size relating to Omanization to become obtained having half a dozen elements of the specific special industry. Have hard drive along with advertising and also product sales marketing communications: 60% Dollars, coverage along with real estate property: 45% Business oriented: 35% Lodges along with dining places: 30% Under below wholesale as well as store trading: 20% Being corrupted having: 15% Many of the federal government ministries have got previously attained 100% Omanization. Impacts on the Performance of the Private in Oman On the list of common locates associated with Oman's coordinating imaginative and prescient vision 2020 is usually to showcase, support as well as develop the position on the non-public...
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...Enhancing Competitiveness: The Case of the Indian Life Insurance Industry Shilpa Rastogi* Runa Sarkar*,** Abstract: Insurance industry contributes to the financial sector of an economy and also provides an important social security net in developing countries. The consistent sub-optimal performance of this sector in India from independence through the 1990s has led to different sets of reforms, with each model adopted focusing on distinct competitive strategies. This study identifies the causes and the objectives with which the sector was reformed in 2000 to conclude that only in the last decade, the hybrid model of privatization with regulation adopted by the Government has yielded positive results and the sector has started to look up. The sector in its present form looks promising for the consumers, the insurers and the nation as a whole. Keywords: life insurance, regulation, competitiveness, Governmental reforms Theme: Enhancing Competitiveness Sub-Theme: Strategies for Enhancing Competitiveness of Firms, Industry Sectors and Country Introduction The insurance industry affects money, capital markets and the real sectors in an economy, making insurance facility necessary to ensure the completeness of a market. It is an industry with strategic importance for any country as it contributes to the financial sector (and hence the GDP) as well as confers social benefits on the society. At the micro-level, an insurance policy protects the buyer against financial loss arising from...
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...Privatization on Service Sector Preface We know that the countries which are developed today are getting very strong in service sector day by day. Without having a very significant service sector it is impossible to retain the development of the economy of a country. Service sector is the accelerator of an economy. And Bangladesh is one of the least developed countries of the world with a huge number of different problems but most importantly with an emerging service sector. Really this is a great tonic for this underdeveloped country on the way of development. So to utilize this potential setting up of a lot of service organization is needed. But the service organization should not be public rather private. Because we all know about the poor service quality and negative profit of the public service organizations of Bangladesh. So the privatization of service sector is one of our desired initiatives. It is one of the leading aspects with a very bright potential to boost-up the economy of this third-world poor country. Prepared by: Md. Abdul Hai – 07882860 Essence of Privatization Despite a significant degree of public ownership in health, education, communication, utilities and energy sectors in the pre-independence period, Bangladesh inherited basically a private sector dominated economy at the time of independence in 1971. A set of three inter-related reasons are put forward as rationale for privatization in Bangladesh. These are: • Improvement of the governments’ fiscal...
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...saving and investing. Others rely on help from family members, religious group, unions, or social welfare programs (Dewitt, 2010). Some strategies are mixed with both and with use of various forms of insurance to reduce economic risks (Dewitt, 2010). The concept of insurance is to minimize economic risk by contributing to a fund from which benefits can be paid when and insured individual suffers a loss (Dewitt, 2010). From this social insurance was derived. Social insurance provides a method to address their economic security (Dewitt, 2010). The concept of social insurance is that the individual contributes to a central fund managed by governments and then used to provide income to individuals when they become unable to support themselves thus, creating the U.S. Social Security system (Dewitt, 2010). For this assignment, the concept of social security will be discussed as well as the viability of the program over the next 20 – 30 years and will provide recommendations on how to improve social security for the next generation. Social Security is the largest United States federal program (Beland, 2009). The program has more than 50 million beneficiaries and generates expenditures that are significantly higher than the defense budget (Beland, 2009). The concept of social insurance can date back to the early seventeenth century (Dewitt, 2010). However, several...
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...Insurance Sector Privatization The entry of private players helps in spreading and deepening the operations in the Indian insurance sector which in turn results in restructuring and revitalizing of public sector companies. Privatisation of the Insurance Sector Worker's Opposition Gaining Momentum Lakhs of insurance employees have been waging struggle over the past two months against the introduction of the Insurance privatisation bill in parliament. On December 1, a country-wide strike was observed. Earlier on November 29, massive rallies and dharnas were staged in Delhi as well as all the state capitals. On October 30th, 2 lakh insurance sector employees staged a nation-wide strike to oppose opening up of the insurance sector to the plunder of private and foreign capital. Earlier a petition on behalf of the 1.5 crore insurance employees had been placed in Parliament. The ruling class is particularly desperate to get this Bill passed because, firstly it would open up a whole new lucrative sector to the Indian and foreign big finance capital. The present size of the Indian insurance and pension funds market is Rs. 40,000 crores, but research studies have predicted that it has a potential of Rs. 70,000 crores. Secondly, the Bill is supposed to signal to capitalists around the world that the Indian bourgeoisie has now installed a "stable" government at the centre and that it will be speeding up the reforms - a demand that was placed as a precondition for any party to...
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