...Relevant Research ..Ignition Interlock Research presented by Beck, Rauch, baker and Williams (1999) present that the purpose of an ignition interlock license restriction program is to reduce recidivism in groups of individual who have committed an alcohol traffic violations. An interlock device prevents an intoxicated individual from starting a motor vehicle. Paul R. Marques et al. (1998) states further that The new NHTSA guidelines attempted to differ the preoccupation with accuracy and advocated to key features: a rolling retest and a data recorder. The rolling retest requires operators to retest periodically is or her BAC while the vehicle was running. This feature was included to circumvention such as getting someone else to blow into the interlock, allowing the vehicle to sit idling for long periods to avoid having to restart and retest or using stored air sample to blow into the sampling head of the interlock. Studies by Roth (2007) show that missing a rolling retest not to be a significant predictor of recidivism. The studies conclude the significant indicator was the initial BAC when the individual attempted to start the vehicle. “All variables (gender, age, and BAC>0.16), except test refusal (interpreted in the study as a missing a rolling retest) were significantly related to recidivism.” ( Roth page 348) Paul Marqus, Tippetts, and Voas (2002) in one of the few studies not supported by MADD states that, Two of the key touchstones of science are demonstrating...
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...Is Requiring Ignition Interlock Licenses to indicate that the Purchase of Alcoholic Beverages is Prohibited Effective? April 20, 2013 Abstract In many states of the United States of America, selling alcohol has a number of state legislature-enacted restrictions. One such restriction is the sale of alcohol to certain persons who are found guilty of having committed third class felonies that are related to breach of a court order that is against driving under the influence alcohol that is intoxicated above certain limits. The circumstance leading to prohibition of driving automobiles without an ignition interlock devices arises from the first conviction of causing accidents that result in personal injuries for reasons accruing from alcohol intoxication. The penalties for causing accidents due to influence of over consumption of alcohol are valid from state to state. For instance, in the Tucson area, once convicted and found guilty for driving while under the influence (DUI) and/or while intoxicated (DWI), people find themselves susceptible to incredibly serious penalties. Such penalties range from a mandatory jail term, suspension of one’s driving license, and a force under court order to install an ignition interlock device in all cars driven by the convict among other penalties (Ministry of Transportation, 2013). Upon subsequent offenses, in many states, the felony offender is limited from accessing alcohol products from retailers or the retailers’ employees under the...
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...To determine if ignition interlock devices reduce driving while intoxicated (DWI) recidivism. Search Strategies: Cochrane Collaboration search strategies were used. Selection Criteria: Studies for selection examined the effectiveness of interlock programs in a defined population. Studies were required to have a clear description of the program and outcomes evaluated, to have a comparison group and to provide interpretable data. Data Collection and Analysis: A total of 31 studies were found. Ten studies met the selection criteria. Three of these studies were eliminated from further analysis because they did not contain original data. A fourth study was eliminated due to methodologic weaknesses, leaving six studies for final review and analysis. Pooled analyses were not done because studies did not follow similar methods over comparable time periods. Main Results: Five of the six studies found interlocks were effective in reducing DWI recidivism while the interlock was installed in the car. In the five studies demonstrating a significant effect, participants in the interlock programs were 15%–69% less likely than controls to be re-arrested for DWI. The only reported randomized, controlled trial demonstrated a 65% reduction in re-arrests for DWI in the interlock group, compared with the control group. Conclusions: Alcohol ignition interlock programs appear to be effective in reducing DWI recidivism during the time period when the interlock is installed in the car....
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...Ch05 ControlSys-4e-A&S 03-21, 03-22-2013 Chapter 5 INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS REVIEW QUESTIONS 5.1 What is industrial control? Answer: As defined in the text, industrial control is the automatic regulation of unit operations and their associated equipment as well as the integration and coordination of the unit operations in the larger production system. 5.2 What is the difference between a continuous variable and a discrete variable? Answer: A continuous variable is one that is uninterrupted as time proceeds, and it is generally considered to be analog, which means it can take on any value within a certain range. A discrete variable is one that can take on only certain values within a given range, such as on or off. 5.3 Name and briefly define each of the three types of discrete variables. Answer: The three types of discrete variables are (1) binary, (2) discrete other than binary, and (3) pulse data. Binary means the variable can take on either of two possible values, ON or OFF, open or closed, and so on. Discrete variables other than binary are variables that can take on more than two possible values but less than an infinite number. Pulse data consist of a series of pulses and each pulse can be counted. 5.4 What is the difference between a continuous control system and a discrete control system? Answer: A continuous control system is one in which the variables and parameters are continuous and analog. A discrete control system is one...
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...SCHEDULE 6.0 EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR THE PM 7.0 SIGN-OFF SHEETS 8.0 BEST KNOWN METHODS 9.0 START-UP/SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES 1.0 PURPOSE: This Maintenance Instruction provides preventive maintenance procedures for the Axcelis GSD HE Ion Implanter. 2.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS: 2.1 SPI-41562T Electronic Tracking System EPRMS 2.2 SPI-41574T EEG Preventative Maintenance Guide 2.3 SPI-49009T EEG Departmental Operating Guide (DOG) 3.0 SAFE HANDLING TECHNIQUES: 3.1 Hardware interlocks, hazard alert labels, and protective guards on potentially dangerous areas of the system are used to protect personnel from exposure to hazards during normal maintenance. 3.2 Modification of the equipment, overriding or defeating of the interlocks, or failure to follow recommended procedures could result in personnel being exposed to hazards that can injure or kill. 3.3 Interlocks must not be overridden except when specifically called for to perform a defined maintenance procedure that cannot otherwise be performed. The Axcelis Implant systems use hazardous materials and gases that are toxic, poisonous, flammable or caustic. Very high electrical voltage (up to 3MV) is generated by the system to produce the desired process results. A person should not work alone due to the possible presence of high voltages and toxic gases. One person should perform the maintenance task and one should watch for safe system operation...
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...CONDITIONS OF BAIL ( IN DRIVING WHILE INTOXICATED CASES AND OTHER OFFENSES) BY JUDGE SCOTT E. KURTH INTRODUCTION The following article, while certainly not exhaustive, is intended to acquaint Texas Municipal Judges and Justices of the Peace with the constitutional provisions, statutes and case law applicable to: 1. a defendant’s right to bail; and 2. setting the conditions of bail, with a particular emphasis on the conditions of 3. bail in cases where the defendant is charged with the offense of Driving While Intoxicated. See generally Penal Code §49.04. CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO BAIL AND ITS IMPORTANCE Articles I § II of the Texas Constitution provides that all prisoners are “bailable”[1] pending trial, unless charged with a capital offense.[2] The primary purpose of an appearance bond is to secure the presence of the defendant in court for the trial of the offense charged. Ex parte Rodriguez, 595 S.W.2d 549, 550 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel Op.] 1980]. The United States Supreme Court in Stack Vs. Boyle, 342 U.S. 1, 96 L. Ed. 3, 72 S. Ct 1 (1951) stated: “The right to release before trial is conditioned upon accused’s giving adequate assurance that he will stand trial and submit to sentence if found guilty. Like the ancient practice of securing oaths of responsible persons to stand as sureties for the accused, the modern practice of requiring a bail bond or the deposit of money...
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...Brittany Morgan 13 March 2009 J. Stockdale WR 122 11:30 Drunk Driving Between World War One, World War Two, and the Vietnam War, five hundred thousand one hundred and sixty-one people were killed; drunk driving has killed an estimated one point seven million people since World War One (Fehrenbach). According to the MADD group, fifty to seventy-five percent of drunk drivers whose licenses are suspended continue to drive. Lives are lost because of people’s selfishness and dangerous activity while under the influence of alcohol, and the punishment does not fit the crime. According to the Mothers Against Drunk Driving advocacy group, About three in every ten Americans will be involved in an alcohol-related crash at some time in their lives. On average someone is killed by a drunk driver every forty minutes. In two-thousand seven alone, an estimated twelve thousand nine hundred and ninety-eight people died in drunk driving related crashes (MADD). Edgar Snyder and Associates reports that alcohol-related car crashes kill someone every thirty-one minutes and injure someone every two minutes. In Oregon alone in two-thousand and seven, four hundred and fifty-five people were killed by drunk drivers. Thirty-three percent of those drivers had a point zero eight blood-alcohol content or higher. Frequent drunk drivers are responsible for almost sixty percent of alcohol-related fatalities (Snyder). Obviously, drunk driving is a huge issue. Right now, there are several punishments...
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...network of independent booksellers. Booksellers list their inventories on Alibris which in turn offers the books on its retail website and separate library services site so that it can be purchased by customers. It offers more than 70 million books from a network of over 10,000 booksellers in 65 countries. Interloc: Establishment of an e-Marketplace. Business change from Interloc to Alibris. Why fulfillment. Holding or buying inventory. The cash crunch. IT woes. Possible solution. oss b e so u o . Question 1 Interlock built an active e‐Marketplace even before the internet came along, and very few I t l k b ilt ti M k t l b f th i t t l d f firms have replicated this success. Why is this? Why is it so hard to get desired users to participate in an e‐Marketplace? because the market for both suppliers and buyers of used books was highly fragmented. Dealers were geographically distant from each other Most dealers had a strictly local customer base. Interlock was so successful because they provided a...
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...Interconnection: All four factors influence brain development and life long learning, the role of the environment plays a huge part in our day-to-day development. All four factors work together in order for us to develop, meaning that the if we receive the write nutrients we may be medically health, which allows us physically develop and then social and the environment interlock together. Interconnection: All four factors influence brain development and life long learning, the role of the environment plays a huge part in our day-to-day development. All four factors work together in order for us to develop, meaning that the if we receive the write nutrients we may be medically health, which allows us physically develop and then social and the environment interlock together. Nutrition/Health – The role of nutrition in brain development is complex, nutrition has been called the single greatest environmental influences on babies in the womb and during infancy, and it remains essential throughout the first five years of life. A proper balance of nutrients in this formative period is critical for normal brain development. Shortage of nutrients such as iron and iodine can impact cognitive and motor development, and these effects are often irreversible. Children who are malnourished are deprived of adequate calories and protein in their diet, through the infant life they do not grow either physically or mentally, children who are malnourished may have inadequate brain...
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...former employer for damages not covered by workman’s compensation. On November 7, 1992, fifteen-year-old Joshua Zimmerman was injured while employed at Valley Dairy Car Wash in Grand Forks when his right arm was torn from his body. Joshua’s surgeons were able to reattach his arm which was twisted off inches below his shoulder; to this day he doesn’t have full use of his arm. The injury happened while Joshua was using an industrial laundry machine that was used to spin dry towels. Normal operation of the dryer consisted of the operator waiting until the towels were dry, pulling a break to stop the internal drums, opening the lid and removing the towels. The dryer had an interlock system that was used to prevent the lid from opening before the internal drums stopped spinning. At the time of Joshua’s injury, the interlock system had not been working for months and employees were opening the lid and reaching in for the towels while the drum was still spinning. Joshua received compensation from the bureau for his medical bills but was denied disability and vocational rehabilitation benefits. The case states that the bureau denied these benefits because Joshua did not “sustain a catastrophic injury because he was able to earn wages equal to his pre-injury wages being a pizza delivery boy.” According to the North Dakota Century Code, the bureau’s reasoning for the denial of benefits is faulty. The code defines catastrophic injury as “Paraplegia; quadriplegia; severe closed head injury; total...
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...Behar. Res. Ther. Vol. 33. No. I. pp. 25-39. 1995 Pergamon 0 005-7967(94)E001 !-7 C opyright ('~ 1994 Elsevier Science Ltd P rinted in Great Britain. All rights reserved 0005-7967/95 $7.00 + 0.00 HOW DOES COGNITIVE THERAPY PREVENT DEPRESSIVE RELAPSE AND WHY SHOULD ATTENTIONAL CONTROL (MINDFULNESS) TRAINING HELP? J OHN D. TEASDALE, 1 ZINDEL SEGAL2 a n d J. MARK G. WILLIAMS3 ' MRC Applied Psychology Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 2EF, England, 2Clark Institute of Psychiatry, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Toronto, 3Department of Psychology, University College of North Wales (Received 12 November 1993; receivedfor publication 17 January 1994) S ummary--There is encouraging evidence that structured psychological treatments for depression, in p articular cognitive therapy, can reduce subsequent relapse after the period of initial treatment has been completed. However, there is a continuing need for prophylactic psychological approaches that can be administered to recovered patients in euthymic mood. An information-processing analysis of depressive m aintenance and relapse is used to define the requirements for effective prevention, and to propose mechanisms through which cognitive therapy achieves its prophylactic effects. This analysis suggests that similar effects can be achieved using techniques of stress-reduction based on the skills of attentional control t aught in mindfulness meditation. An information-processing...
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...Each year, thousands of people are arrested for drunk driving across the state of Arizona. In fact, the Governor’s Office of Highway Safety reported that there were more than 23,000 driving under the influence arrests in 2014 alone. Often, those who are charged with DUI in the state think only of the potential jail time and driver’s license suspension that may result from a conviction of this offense. However, there are numerous costs associated with drunk driving convictions in the state, which drivers need to be aware of. According to the Arizona Department of Transportation, those who are convicted of drunk driving in Arizona will be fined a minimum of $1,250 for a first offense. Additionally, they may be required to pay state fees, court...
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...STARTING PROCEDURE FOR 45 MW STEAM TURBINE UTRAN CCPP 1. ESTABLISH ACW SYSTEM 2. RUN ONE COOLING WATER PUMP AND ESTABLISH THE SYSTEM 3. RUN THE OIL PUMPS OF STEAM TURBINE 4HRS. BEFORE STARTING THE UNIT AND CHECK FOR ANY OIL LEAKAGES AND ATTEND ACCORDINGLY. 4. RUN ONE OIL VAPOUR EXHAUSTER FAN. STA 5. CHECK THE INTERLOCK AND PROTECTIONS IN OIL SYSTEM IF THE UNIT WAS UNDER LONG S/D. 6. PUT THE MACHINE ON BARRING GEAR AT LEAST 4 HRS. BEFORE STARTING THE UNIT AND OBSERVE FOR ANY RUBBING NOISE S. OBSERVE TURBOVISORY READINGS IN CONTROL ROOM. SWITCH ON SGC OIL SUPPLY. 7. DRAIN WATER IN THE DEARETOR AND MAKE UP LEVEL WITH FRESH DM WATER. OBTAIN CHEMIST’S CLEARANCE. 8. CHECK THE OIL LEVEL IN BFP LUB OIL TANK AND MAKE UP IF REQUIRED. 9. RUN OIL PUMP OF THE BFP AND CHECK FOR ANY LEAKAGES AND ATTAND THE SAME IF ANY CHECK THAT OIL IS COMING OUT IN THE DRAIN LINE AS VIEWED FROM THE SIDE GLASS, PROVIDED IN THE DRAIN LINE. 10. CLEAN THE STRAINERS IN THE BFP SUCTION LINE IF DP WAS GREATER THAN 0.5 KG/SQCM BEFORE STARTING THE HP AND LP BFPs. 11. CHECK INTERLOCK AND PROTECTIONS OF BOILER FEED PUMPS IF IT WAS LONG S/D. CHECK SEQUENCE OPERATION. 12. CHARGE ALL BFPs BY OPENING THE SUCTION VALVE VENT UP TO THE DISCHARGE VALVE. 13. CHARGE THE SEALING AND COOLING WATER TO THE BFP GLANDS. ENSURE WATER IN THE RETURN LINE BY VIEWING THRU THE SIGHT GLASS. 14. START BOILER FEED PUMPS AND MAKE UP DRUM LEVEL BOTH HP AND LP DRUM LEVEL. 15. MONITOR THE...
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...Drunk Driving Drunk Driving Has drunk driving somehow affected your life? Do you know someone who has been convicted of driving under the influence? Are you guilty of this crime? Drinking and driving is still a major problem in the world today and I believe that more severe penalties should be implemented for first time offenders to perhaps reduce the high recidivism rate. I believe if I had a stiffer punishment for my first DUI, I might not have gotten a second DUI. Statistics don’t lie. About one-third of all drivers arrested or convicted of driving while intoxicated or driving under the influence of alcohol are repeat offenders. (Johnston,2011) Had these repeat offenders had harsher consequences for the first offense, the second offense may have been prevented. In 2011, 9,878 people died in drunk driving crashes. That is one every 53 minutes. Drunk driving affects everyone in a community and deaths related to alcohol take their toll. An average drunk driver has driven drunk 80 times before first arrest.( Vital signs,2011) Getting caught and convicted for DUI the first time doesn’t necessarily mean that it is the first time the person has been drinking and driving. My first DUI was when I was 21 and my second DUI was when I was 31. I was drinking and driving for ten years and was never caught. The reported numbers are scary enough and they are only the people that get caught. Even scarier are the amount people who aren’t caught every time they drink and drive...
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...Polk State College ETI 1720 – Industrial Safety Final, Due: 6/21/11 No Later than 12:00 noon. 1. Please describe the different classifications of fires and the extinguishing agents associated with each classification of fire. There are four different classifications. Class A fires are solid materials such as wood, plastics, textiles, and their products: paper, housing, and clothing and to extinguish a Class A fire you have to use foam, water, or a dry chemical. Class B fires are flammable liquids and gases and have to be extinguished with a dry chemical, Bromotrifluoromethane, and other halogenated compounds, foam, and CO2. Class C fires are electrical and to put out an electrical fire you have to use Bromotrifluoromethane, CO2, or a dry chemical. Class D fires are combustibles, easily oxidized metals such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium, and zirconium and to extinguish these you have to use specialized powders such as graphite, sand, limestone, soda ash, sodium chloride. 2. Choose and describe five different sections contained within a MSDS. In general, describe the contents found within those sections that you have chosen to write about. Section 1: General information. This section contains directory information about the manufacturer of the substance, including the manufacturer’s name and address, telephone number of an emergency contact person, a nonemergency telephone number for information, and a dated signature of the person who developed or revised...
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