CHAPTER ONE BACKGROUND OF MINISTRY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
The system of Local Government (LG) in Uganda is established under the 1995 constitution and enacted through the Local Government Act (LGA) cap 243 Laws of Uganda 2000. Local Government Financial and Accounting Regulations, issued under the LGA, prescribe the accountability measures for compliance by LGs.
The goal of the decentralization policy is to facilitate economic growth and development by devolving powers, functions, responsibilities and resources to Local Governments (LGs) in order to promote high quality and reliable basic public services on a sustainable basis. The decentralization policy aims to:
• Transfer power, functions, responsibilities and resources to LGs to ease the work load of the officers at the center

• Bring political and administrative decision making and control over resources allocation and service provision to the point of delivery to enhance effectiveness, promote a sense of ownership and improve accountability;

• Enable Local Government officers develop the prerequisite capacity to develop organizational structures tailored to local circumstance;

• Enhance financial accountability by establishing a clear linkage between the provision of services; and

• Improve the LG’s capacity to plan, finance and deliver public services to its residents.
 To guide LG’s in fulfilling the mandate , Government has enacted laws and developed regulations, operations, operational manual, guidelines and policy papers all aimed at establishing sound administrative and financial practices and decision-making process that promote efficiency, effectiveness and transparency.

VISION:
To have democratic and accountable local governments that is capable to deliver and sustain their services to the people for the betterment of the country. MISSION:
To co-ordinate, support local government so as to provide better and sustainable services aimed at eradicating poverty in the long run.
MANDATE:
The mandate of the Ministry is to guide, harmonize, mentor and advocate for all local governments in support of the vision of government to bring about socio-economic transformation of the country. THE OBJECTIVES OF THE ORGANIZATION.
1. To promote democracy, transparency and Accountability in all Local Governments.
2. To ensure efficiency and effectiveness in service delivery.
3. To ensure that Local Governments comprehend to (compliance) with statutory requirements, National standards and Policies by Local Governments.
4. To build and improve on the capacity of local Governments by Local Government councils, necessary for efficient and effective service delivery.
SERVICES
Hardware maintenance
 Server maintenance
 PC maintenance.
 Printer maintenance.
 Maintenance of other network devices and accessories System analysis
 Periodic audit for information systems in terms quality and security.
 Suggestions on improvement of existing systems.
Networks and Communications Services
 Network infrastructure design and implementations.
 Implementations of IP and IPX based local and wide area networks using Cisco and 3com components such as routers, switches and WAN technologies.
 Web, Database and servers’ configuration and implementation.
 Specialized in heterogeneous network installations using Linux operating systems.
 VLAN configuration for networks performance optimization.
 Firewall configuration and security audit to prevent viruses and hackers on any network.
 Network hardware procurement services
 Networks system maintenance.

CHAPTER TWO

FIELD ACTIVITIES
2.1 Introduction to computer components: I was introduced to different components of a computer, which included the following;
i. Central Processing Unit (CPU): This is refers to the brain of a computer so it is very important to choose a suitable CPU for your computer because the type CPU directly affects the speed of the system.

ii. Motherboard: This is the main circuit board to which all the other internal components connect to. It provides the electrical connections through which the other components of the system communicate. When looking at the motherboard I learnt about different type of motherboard such as baby AT and ATX .I also knew that motherboards are classified in Pentiums (I, II, III, and IV). iii. Power supply: It’s a computer component responsible for supplying power inside the system. It changes power from the wall outlet from alternate current (AC) to direct current (DC) which is used inside the computer and it provides different voltages such +12v, -12v, +5v, -5V, +3.3v and -3.3v. ii. Hard Disk: It consists of one or more magnetic disks contained in a box. It’s used as a storage media in a computer. It stores programs for the user and the operating system. Range in volume for example 10GB, 40GB, 80GB and other capacities. iii. Adapter cards: These include sound cards, video cards, wireless cards and other cards. There purpose is to increase efficiency for the user. iv. Random Access Memory (RAM): RAM
v. Optical drives: These included CD-ROM, DVD-ROMS vi. Cables: This included Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA), Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) vii. Floppy drives viii. Keyboards & Mouse
2.2 Computer assembling and dissembling
I dissembled a computer in the Resource center that had a hardware problem of a faulty power supply;
Computer assembling is the fixing of all computer components together to come up with a usable computer.
Computer re-assembling is the dismantling of a fixed computer and then assembles it again.
In the training, mostly I re-assembled and assembled computers. In this case I learned the basic procedures of assembling a computer.
These included the following;
1. Fix the motherboard and power supply inside the computer case
2. Fix the CPU onto the motherboard
3. Mount the CPU cooler properly. Read the instructions that came with your CPU and cooler very carefully and ensure you are using all components in the correct order and correct place.
4. Install RAM
5. Install adapter cards like Video card.
6. Install Drives these include hard disks and CD,DVD-ROMs
7. Plug in the power cord, mouse, keyboard and power up the system
Completing all the above stages successfully, the machine will only require operating system and user programs to be in good use. 2.2 Installation of Operating Systems (OS)
I installed Windows 7 on new computers on level 3 and 5 for the Ministry of Local government
Operating system is a set of programs that runs a computer. There are different types of OS for example Macintosh, Linux, and Windows.
I carried on installation of Windows 7 and XP 2.3 Installation of Windows
Windows is the popular type of OS used in our environment. During the installation I learned the basic requirements of a computer to be installed on Windows OS.
These requirements included
• At least a Pentium 233-MHZ processor
• At least 64MB of RAM
• At least 1.5GB free space of hard disk space
• A CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive
• A keyboard and a mouse
• A video adapter and a monitor
After checking for the above requirements, I had inserted a windows 7 CD restarted the machine so that it boots from the CD then I followed the wizard.

2.4 Microsoft Applications
Using my computation skills and computer Application Knowledge in Ms EXCEl,Ms WORD,Ms DATABASE. Computed the Grants given out to various Districts by the Miinistry of Local Government

Also made Analytical graphs for the Various Districts and Money allocated to the Districts by the Ministry of Local government

On 2nd July 2013, I helped the ministry to deliver the policy statement (ministerial budget) to the parliament for the financial year 2013/14

2.5 Repairing window 7;
I repaired Windows 7 on computers on level 5 where windows had been corrupted or had missing system files
Repairing window XP means deleting a corrupted windows folder and replace t with a new folder. And the task management and control panel were disabled since the window folder was corrupted and the computer was not performing as per its expectations.

2.6 System Administration
I was enable to learn system administration since I got to know how I can control Access using window server 2008 which I installed on my computer to secure Ministries resources from unauthorized users.
2.7 Setting up and configuring a domain controller
I setup and configured a domain controller / Active directory on window server 2008 and run the active directory using a command (dcpromo).
2.8 Adding a user to the domain
I added user on the domain from the server by clicking on the start menu then, all programs administrative tools, active directory user on computers.
2.9 Expanding the domain name
I expanded the domain name by right clicking on users; clicking new then clicked on the user and followed the wizard, changing the name by right clicking on the name then properties.
2.1.0 Installation of various software
I installed various software programmes on the Minitries computers like Kaspersky Antivirus on many computers after which I did a full sydtem scan to remove all the viruses that were in the system
Other programmes I installed include;
Adobe PDF reader
PDF to Word converter
Microsoft Office 2013
Mozilla firefox

2.1.3 Web site design
I designed a web based database for the Ministry of Local Government that was meant to be used to enter new Districts that are Created in the country with their counties and municipal councils
A website is a collection of related pages and other graphics viewed through a web browser. We developed a website using cake Php and Php with using dream weaver8.I configured cake Php on a computer by going to wamp, www.directory, copied and pasted the cake Php folder in the directory then launched on web local host / cake Php 1.3 and clicked enter. Cake Php concerns with configuring and baking of the views, models and controllers (MVC).

2.1.4 Networking
I did networking in the Resource center because the computers there were not networked,I also installed network cables on level 5 computers because there were no network cables installed During networking l was introduced to networking device like a switch , router and networking tool like cable tie guns ,crimpers ,cutters ,pliers ,punch down tools , screw drivers ,splicer’s ,strippers and cable pulling grips. All these tools have their uses during the process of computer networking.

2.1.5 Network addressing / sub netting

While I was carrying out the networking process,I assign computers in the Ministry with various IP addresses that uniquely identifies each computer on the network
I was introduced to various network classes and these were class A,B,C,D and E each with a range of number of hosts and subnet mask , that is to say, class A has number of hosts 16,177,214 ranges from 1-127and subnet mask of 255.0.0.0,class B has number of hosts 65,534 ranges from 128-191 and subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 ,class C has number of hosts 254 and ranges from 192-223 and subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, class D is used for research and class E is for United States. This helped me to know which class is recommended to use and how to use it.
Computer A Computer B
IP Address:192.168.9.17 IP Address:192.168.9.18
Subnet Mask:255.255.255.0 Subnet Mask:255.255.255.0

Default gateway:192.168.9.1 Default gateway:192.168.9.1

Preferred DNS sever:193.108.252.51 Preferred DNS sever:193.108.252.51

Alternative DNS sever:193.108.252.50 Alternative DNS sever:193.108.252.50

2.1.6 Switching
I put up a switch in the resource center that I used to connect all the resource computers on the network
A switch is an intelligent device that maps the IP address with the MAC address of the LAN Card. Unlike the hubs, a switch does not broadcast the data to all the computers; it sends the data Packets only to the destined computer. Switches are used in the LAN. MAN and WAN .In an Ethernet network. Computers are directly connected with the switch via twisted pair cables. In a network, switches use the three methods to transmit data i.e. store and forward, cut through and fragment free.I accessed a switch on my computer, by clicking on start, all programs, accessories, communications, and hyper terminal.

2.1.8 File sharing
After setting up network we were able to remotely access other computers, share files, storing and securing information on the network through entering IP addresses of different computers on a network so that we can remotely access their desktops.
We used different commands which include shutdown neighbor‘s computer, by shutdown -F -R-t z and to prevent it from shutting down, go to start , run, and command line and type the command which is shut down ¨Cf-1-t 50000.

CHAPTER 3

CHALLENGES
Lack of field work exposure.At the ministry ,we never went for field work in Districts and villages to get to the roots of how Local government amends its policies and operates outside office

The weather condition sometimes was not favorable in that it made me delay for work. Sometimes it rained in the morning, yet am supposed to be at work by 8 am, and that was a challenge for me to get means of reaching the Ministry as early as possible despite the rain

Money was not enough to meet all the transport costs and requirements to use during my training. this pushed me to resorting to my friends and relatives for money to help me accommodate for my lunch and transport for the period of my internship since the money given to us by the ministry was not enough

Lack of resources by the Ministry, the ministry lack enough resources to cater for the big number of intern, resources like computers, printers and chairs were not enough which made interns share them, hence having two to three people on one computer.
Resolution
I managed to solicit funds from relatives and friends in order to finish the training.
I managed to share the existing resources with other students since they not enough.
Working Experience
• I gained skills under IT support where by I carried out activities such as trouble shooting, company assembling and installation of different operating systems like windows 7 and installation of software’s.

• I gained skills in system administration where by I managed to install window server 2008, setting up and configuring a domain controller, add user to the domain, which finally helped to learn how to control business using system administration.

• I acquired skills in database development where managed to install Sql server 2008 RL2 creating database, connecting and disconnecting to the database.

• I did a simple project which was developing and designing a website and I gained skills among other programs used to design a website like cake Php, Adobe cs6.

• Under Network I gained skills in cable termination, configuration of a switch and router, subneting network, configuring and finally assigning IP addresses to computers.

The industrial training enabled me to learn ethical and professional ways of IT specialists and how they do their work.
4 Lessons learnt
 I was exposed to real working environment and gained experience about hardships encountered in computing world and how to deal with different clients to ensure that their work is done in time.
 As far as my strength and weaknesses in computing were concerned I struggled to achieve the best out of my efforts in computing world.
 I also learnt data analysis using computer tools like MS-EXCEL and various formats of presenting information.
 I also improved on my communication skills most especially when communicating to people at a higher level.
 I also learnt better ways of relating with people of various backgrounds and responsibility.
 I also learnt the essence of time management and its implications to the success of the organization.
 These new skills will help me to handle various work related problems and become competitive on the job market.

CHAPTER FOUR

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMANDATION
4.1 Summary
The Industrial training with Ministry of Local Government was a wholesome experience encompassing many fundamental concepts in the field of computer computer and information technology. The skills learnt have added a lot of exposure to maintenance and repair of computer systems, software management and network configuration. This training has also improved my appreciation of systems analysis and maintenance.

Training at the Ministry of Local Government helped me to improve on computer skills, devise ways of handling work related challenges, knowing the protocol that is followed in the ministry and also to identify my work related weaknesses. This will help me in my future prospects of handling important work linked activities.

Recommendation
I recommend that the industrial training should continue since it was of great importance to me because I have gained working experience, knowledge and skills.
I also recommend school of computing and informatics technology to increase on the time allocated for internship in order for the students to be able acquire all the necessary skills about IT and they should implement more practical lessons in their teaching process

Refrences
Ministerial policy statement for vote 011-Ministry of local government, vote147-Local Government Finance Commission, vote 501-778-All local Governments in Uganda Financial Year 2013/14
Local Government Information and Communication system manual, volume 2 compliance inspection.
Ministerial policy statement for vote 011-Ministry of local government, vote147-Local Government Finance Commission, vote 501-778-All local Governments in Uganda Financial Year 2012/13.

Becky,(2005-11-22).What is a motherboard? Retrieved from http://www.pcreview.co.uk/articles/Hardware/What_is_a_Motherboard/

APPENDICES
Appendix 1; steps I took to configure switch.
Enable
Config t
Host Name
Line console 0
Password cisco
Login
Exist
Line VTY 0 4
Password cisco
Login
Exist
Enable secret cisco
Exit
Enable secret cisco
Exist
Copy run start (to save)
Service password –encryption
Interface Vlan 1
IP address 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.0
No shut down
Interface range Fa0 /1-25
Switch port mode access
Switch port access Vlan 30
Exist

Appendix 2; steps I took to configure router. Enable
Config t
Host Name
Line console 0
Password Cisco
Login
Exist
Line VTY 0 4
Password Cisco
Login
Exist
Enable secret Cisco
Exit
Enable secret Cisco
Exist
Copy run start (to save)
Service password –encryption
Anew - model
User name Tin password Gold
Interface Fa 0/0
IP address 192.168.1.7 255.255.255.0
No shut down
Exist
Line console 0
Wr (to save)
IP route 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.7.1

steps I took to carry out repairing Windows
 I inserted the windows 7 CD in the drive then I restarted the computer and pressed F8 to boot from the CD.
 A welcome note for the came on the screen and I following the steps or options appeared. This portion of the setup program prepares Microsoft Window 7 to run on your computer: To setup windows 7 now, press ENTER. To repair a window 7 installation using Recovery console, press R. To quiet setup without installing window 7, press F3.
 I pressed Enter to start the windows setup. To setup window 7 now and Repair install, press Enter. I did not choose “To repair a window 7 installation using the Recovery console press R” / I did not want to load Recovery console.
 I accepted the License Agreement and windows started searching for existing windows installations.
 I selected the windows 7 installation I wanted to repair from the list and pressed R to start the repair.
 The setup started copying the necessary files to the hard drive and reboot. I did not press any key to boot from the CD when the message appeared. The setup continued and the company application plus the setting remained intact.

Appendix 5; steps I took for installation of a new window 7
 I inserted the Windows 7 CD in the drive and it automatically launched the setup routine.
 The first setup screen asks me what type of installation to perform. I selected New installation from the drop-down list and click the Next button to move to the next screen.
 I read through the license agreement and options were click accept if you Accept this Agreement then click next.
 I type in a windows Product key then click Next
 The next screen
Appendix 5.Screenshot of the website developed

PROCESSOR

RAM

CIMOS BATTERY

IDE HARD DISK

SATA HARD DISK

POWER SUPPLY

MONITOR

SWICTH

RJ 45

ROUTER

FIBRE CABLE

IDE CABLES

MOTHERBORD

Components fully installed in the system unit

Back end of a system unit