...Assignment 1: Exploration of a Professional Journal Article in Psychology Title: The Role and Influence of the Father on his Child Anthony Hunt Professor Carolyn Bird Psy 100 This research article reviews the effects of the father’s influence on his child. It involves interpretative phenomenological analysis of eight participants and the recurrence of information provided in case notes of three men and five women. This research is based on philosophical discipline originated by Edmund Husserl (1913). Husserl developed the phenomenological method to make possible a descriptive account of the essential structures of the directly given. Phenomenology emphasizes the immediacy of experience, the attempt to isolate it and set it off from all assumptions of existence or causal influence and lay bare its essential structure. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2012) During my research I have gathered from this information why a father’s personality and behavior may effect a child’s social and emotional adjustment. Particularly, how children obtain and maintain healthy relationships with others in their future. The purpose of this research is to examine the role of the father and his child’s upbringing and to determine whether that role has a positive or negative effect. The findings will support the eight recurrent themes evolving from the 12 master themes of the eight participants. In accordance to the overall field of Psychology, this review relates to Chapter 8, Friendship...
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...counselling Masters programme. The study specifically selected first year students since they were embarking on the initial steps towards developing and transitioning to therapeutic listening from ordinary listening. The students were recorded in stable triad group listening practice sessions once every eight weeks, with each of the students adopting the roles of talker, listener and observer to each other. Towards the end of the first year, when all videos recordings and feedback had been completed, it was assumed that the students would be sufficiently advanced to be able to reflect on their experiences as a listener. The students then recounted their experiences in semi-structured 50-70 minute interviews which were conducted following phenomenological interviewing principles. The...
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...Professional Development: Critiquing Research The ability to critique (critically analyse and evaluate) research from both the qualitative and quantitative paradigms is an essential skill for occupational therapists. It is this skill, integrated with expertise gained from clinical practice that underpins evidence based practice (EBP). Although there are many definitions of EBP, Muir Gray (1997) defines it as “an approach to decision making in which the clinician uses the best evidence available, in consultation with the patient, to decide upon the option which suits the patient best." The purpose of this assignment is to enable the development of skills in critical analysis by critiquing a research article, which will contribute to further development of knowledge and skills in using EBP in clinical settings. A framework developed by Hek and Moule (2006) (see pages 3- ) has been used to guide the critique of a research article. A framework was used as Caldwell et al (2010 pg e1) argue that “ frameworks assist the novice healthcare practitioner with learning about approaches to research by giving consideration to aspects of the similarities and differences between the qualitative and quantitative research paradigms.” This framework was chosen as it is comprehensive and covers points/questions raised during the critiquing process, although it is important to remember that it is not a definitive checklist and other...
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...10 Qualitative Research Methods in Psychology Deborah Biggerstaff Warwick Medical School University of Warwick, Coventry UK 1. Introduction In the scientific community, and particularly in psychology and health, there has been an active and ongoing debate on the relative merits of adopting either quantitative or qualitative methods, especially when researching into human behaviour (Bowling, 2009; Oakley, 2000; Smith, 1995a, 1995b; Smith, 1998). In part, this debate formed a component of the development in the 1970s of our thinking about science. Andrew Pickering has described this movement as the “sociology of scientific knowledge” (SSK), where our scientific understanding, developing scientific ‘products’ and ‘know-how’, became identified as forming components in a wider engagement with society’s environmental and social context (Pickering, 1992, pp. 1). Since that time, the debate has continued so that today there is an increasing acceptance of the use of qualitative methods in the social sciences (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000; Morse, 1994; Punch, 2011; Robson, 2011) and health sciences (Bowling, 2009; Greenhalgh & Hurwitz, 1998; Murphy & Dingwall, 1998). The utility of qualitative methods has also been recognised in psychology. As Nollaig Frost (2011) observes, authors such as Carla Willig and Wendy Stainton Rogers consider qualitative psychology is much more accepted today and that it has moved from “the margins to the mainstream in psychology in the UK.” (Willig & Stainton...
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...Analysis and Implications of Qualitative Research Report Grand Canyon University NRS 433V: Introduction to Nursing Research February 27 2011 Critique of Qualitative Research Introduction Restraints are methods used in the medical field in an effort to restrict the movement of a patient in order to protect the safety of the patient, other patients, and caregivers. Since the onset of the use of restraints, this practice has been an ethical issue and topic for discussion. Further, it continues to be a concern in the health care industry because of the physical, emotional and psychological freedom involved. A study conducted by Hantikainen and Kappeli (2000) interviewed 20 skilled and untrained nursing staff from two nursing homes in a German speaking area in Switzerland. The authors concluded that there is no clear agreement on the definition of restraints and, as such, this lack of clarity translates to the nursing staff inconsistency and corresponding defensive behavior. Further, they felt the crucial component of establishing “restraint-free care” is nursing staff’s understanding of the impact of their personal perceptions of their thinking on their application of restraint policy. The intent of this qualitative research study was to discover nursing staff member’s perceptions on the use of restraints and how these insights affect their decisions at bedside (Hantikainen and Kappeli, 2000). This paper will review the above research article to critically...
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...schizophrenia. International Journal Of Mental Health Nursing, 20(1), 38-46. doi:10.1111/j.1447-0349.2010.00706.x Engqvist, I., Ahlin, A., Ferszt, G., & Nilsson, K. (2010). Nurses -- psychiatrists' main collaborators when treating women with postpartum psychosis. Journal Of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing, 17(6), 494-502. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2850.2010.01549.x Tregoweth, J., Walton, J., & Reed, K. (2012). The experiences of people who re-enter the workforce following discharge from a forensic hospital. Journal Of Vocational Rehabilitation, 37(1), 49-62. Iversen, A., Esbjørn, B., Christensen, E., & Hansen, N. (2012). Exploring the impact of involving fathers in the treatment of their children: A study using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Qualitative Studies, 3(1), 22-39. Gaining Empowerment Allows Results [G.E.A.R.]. (2011). Reclaiming Children & Youth, 20(3), 17-20. Olin, S. S., Hoagwood, K., Rodriguez, J., Ramos, B., Burton, G., Penn, M., & ... Jensen, P. (2010). The Application of Behavior Change Theory to Family-Based Services: Improving Parent Empowerment in Children’s Mental Health. Journal Of Child & Family Studies, 19(4), 462-470. doi:10.1007/s10826-009-9317-3 Holcomb-McCoy, C., & Bryan, J. (2010)....
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...Module Study Guide Research Methods in Psychology 2 Deadlines: 1st Report Week 6, Thurs 6th March 12noon 2nd Report Week 10, Thurs 17th April 12noon Lectures: Fridays 1pm-2pm TC102 Workshops: Mondays in Paragon NB – check for changes to this in weeks 10, 11 and 13 due to the Bank Holidays. School of Psychology, Social Work and Human Sciences School of Psychology, Social Work and Human Sciences Research Methods in Psychology 2 Module Study Guide |Module Code |SS40003E | |Level |4 | |Credits |20 | 2014 Version No 01 © UWL 2013 Research Methods in Psychology 2 Module Study Guide Contents | |Page No. | |Module Leader and Teaching Team Details |3 | | | | |Facts and figures |5 | | | | |Section A Overview and Content...
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...reconstructing ‘the case history’ of a single participant or group of individuals (such as a school class or a specific social group), i.e. the idiographic approach. Case studies allow a researcher to investigate a topic in far more detail than might be possible if they were trying to deal with a large number of research participants (nomothetic approach) with the aim of ‘averaging’. The case study is not itself a research method, but researchers select methods of data collection and analysis that will generate material suitable for case studies such as qualitative techniques (unstructured interviews, participant observation, diaries), personal notes (e.g. letters, photographs, notes) or official document (e.g. case notes, clinical notes, appraisal reports). The data collected can be analyzed using different theories (e.g. grounded theory, interpretative phenomenological analysis, text interpretation (e.g. thematic coding) etc. All the approaches mentioned here use preconceived categories in the analysis and they are ideographic in their approach, i.e. they focus on the individual case without reference to a comparison group. Case studies are widely used in psychology and amongst the best known were the ones carried out by Sigmund Freud. He conducted very detailed investigations into the private lives of his patients in an attempt to both understand and help them overcome their...
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...Self-Therapy for Mental Health Professionals: As to research into the specific area of therapy for counsellors, there has been more attention paid to this recently. The ground breaking book by Geller, Norcross and Orlinsky (2005) The Psychotherapist's Own Psychotherapy: Patient and Clinician Perspectives’ considers the role of therapy that therapists themselves undergo. One of its aims is to “provide clinically tested and empirically grounded assistance to psychotherapists treating fellow therapists, as well as to those clinicians who seek personal treatment themselves” (Wong, 2007). Therefore the EPT will not fulfil the empirically grounded and objective approach, because it is more experiential and subjective in nature. However, the work by Hill (2005) indicates that a therapist who is undergoing therapy has a far better understanding of the process of the individual finding their self and managing their mental health (Hill, 2005). This is because the subjective is the central criteria; rather than an objective and unrealistic ideal of good mental health. The move away from the objective is one of the reasons that Hill et al (1993) revisited dream therapy not to have it interpreted objectively by a therapist, but by the individual in therapy themselves in order to have a better understanding of their self. This understanding will lead to an increased ability for the individual to resolve their mental health issues: Interpreting one’s own dream was superior to interpreting...
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...INTRODUCTION This essay is a critique based on a pilot study carried out on ‘patient stories of living with a pressure ulcer’ and I will be using Caldwell, K. et al. (2005) as a structured research framework to carryout the evaluation on this study. First and foremost a definition of what research, (nursing research in particular) and research critique entails will give a greater understanding of what this essay aims at addressing. On one hand, Polit and Beck (2006, p4), defined research as a systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods to answer questions or solve problems, while on the other hand they define nursing research as a systematic inquiry designed to develop knowledge about issues of importance to nurses, including nursing practice, nursing education and nursing administration. The importance of having research carried out in the nursing field can only be emphasised as it is the key element in generating and guaranteeing evidence to guide nursing practice and improvements to care and quality of life of both clients and service users as claimed by Polit and Beck (2006, p4). However once the research is undertaken and published, great emphasis is placed in finding out or identifying the strengths and weaknesses through critique. Polgar and Thomas (2000), point out that critiquing research entails identifying the strengths and weaknesses of research publications to ensure that patients/clients receive assessments and treatment based on the best available evidence...
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...article chosen is Baldwin, V. N., Powell, T., & Lorenc, L. (2011). Factors influencing the uptake of memory compensations: A qualitative analysis. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 21(4), 484-501. It is very important for people that have a brain injury to use memory strategies. This article conducts a research on what are some of the barriers that may be stopping people with brain injuries from using memory strategies. A qualitative analysis attempts to get a deeper understanding of a specific case, quantitative research tends to generalize (Newman 2011). So this article is qualitative because it is trying to understand why some people with head injuries hesitate to use memory strategies even though it has been proven to help people with head trauma, the article mentions it is an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis this means that it is a psychological qualitative research, this means it is research that tries to shed light on how a person in a given context, makes sense of a phenomenon (Nicholls, 2009). The hypothesis is that if we look in to why people don’t want to use memory devices we can see that it is a complex processes that include social, emotional and practical factors, all of which need to be considered, so people can feel comfortable getting and using the help they need. We will discuss the four major themes this analysis discovered, methods used, ethical aspects, results, the strengths and weaknesses, limitations noted by the researchers, proposed direction...
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...Effective Learning Service Introduction to Research and Research Methods University of Bradford, School of Management Introduction to Research AN INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & RESEARCH METHODS This workbook is a short introduction to research and research methods and will outline some, but not all, key areas of research and research methods: Definitions Research approaches Stages of the research process Background reading & information gathering Data collection Ethical issues in research This workbook does not cover a number of important areas of the research process, particularly Data analysis Writing up the research There are, however, books to assist you in these two important areas, and to take your general understanding of research and research methods beyond the introductory notes in his booklet; see page 44. Students should also consult their own course guidelines on writing research up the results of their research projects. YOUR RESEARCH Research can be one of the most interesting features of any degree course as it offers you a measure of control and autonomy over what you learn. It gives you an opportunity to confirm, clarify, pursue – or even discover – new aspects of a subject or topic you are interested in. RESEARCH IS… … a process of enquiry and investigation; it is systematic, methodical and ethical; research can help solve practical problems and increase knowledge. Effective Learning Service 1 University of Bradford...
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...1. Introduction The globalization of the economy, internationalization of businesses and emergence of new markets are all key themes in contemporary business. Whereas international business may once have been the province of organisations with sufficient scale and reach, these types of companies – typically multi-national corporations - no longer have a monopoly on this kind of business. Increasing numbers of firms, of varying scale, are confronted with compelling reasons for expanding their activities across multiple national boundaries. In some cases, such motivation includes the knowledge that success in international markets is a pre-requisite for survival; if competitor organisations succeed in international markets, they may achieve the scale and liquidity which affords them sustainable competitive advantage. However, scrutiny of the empirical experience of international expansion suggests that the apparent potential is by no means straightforward to achieve in practice. This raises questions about whether or not it is realistic to envisage a ‘best practice’ in terms of international expansion strategy. Can the latter be conceived of as a specific and transferable management skill, or is it instead reliant upon expertise in a particular sector of business, a market, or a national culture? After all, if proven strategists are found wanting, where can the organisation go in terms of its future practice? Large, successful and sophisticated businesses have often found that...
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...A Phenomenological study describing the lived experience of nurses caring for prisoner-patients by Christopher Veal i A Phenomenological study describing the lived experience of nurses caring for prisoner-patients ABSTRACT There are close to five thousand prisoners in custody in Queensland prisons and this number is on the increase. Prisoners have complex health needs and it is the role of the correctional health nurse to care for prisoner-patients and their health needs. Yet there is a paucity of research surrounding this topic. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the lived experience of nurses caring for prisoner-patients. Five registered nurses, employed in correctional centres in Southeast Queensland were interviewed to illuminate the experience of caring for prisoner-patients. Data was analyzed using Colaizzi’s (1978) method of phenomenology. Textual analysis revealed two themes with five corresponding sub-themes that depicted the meaning of nurses’ caring for prisonerpatients. The experience of nurses caring for prisoner-patients was described by nurse participants as ‘obstructive practices’ from the custodial officers, ‘decreased standards of care’ by nursing staff, ‘prejudice’ towards to prisoners, ‘increased level of mentally ill prisoners’ and a ‘lack of recognition’ for nurses working in the prisons. Amidst all these difficulties, nurses who cared for prisoner-patients demonstrated courage in the work they did and persevered...
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