...Unit 2 Critical Thinking Chapter One 1. When Darwin was young, his family wanted him to assume their role and become a doctor but he never wanted to. Darwin was always interested in exploring new horizons and trying to figure out the world. One of the most important things that persuaded Darwin to travel was when Henslow persuaded Darwin to read the seven volume book about someone’s traveling experiences and viewing the new world. The training that Darwin did with Sedgwick prepared him for his voyage and geological experience. 2. Darwin witnessed the corals and the band of shells above sea level and started to wonder if the water has always been at that level. When he finally arrived on the islands, he noticed how the same animals adapted to different environments. 3. When Darwin arrived in the Galapagos Islands, he noticed that there were various types of animals and species. He observed that although some of the animals looked similar they had distinctive traits. After comparing his findings in the Galapagos to other islands he visited, he concluded that the animals adapted to their environments. 4. Thomas Malthus had the idea that there were different checks in the world such as famine, and disease to control the population. Malthus called it the Principles of Population and Darwin agreed with his principles but wanted to expand and go deeper into his principles, thus creating the “species theory.” 5. Darwin delayed publishing his theory because he thought...
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...In the midst of a raging war, a plane evacuating a group of schoolboys from Britain is shot down over a deserted tropical island. Two of the boys, Ralph and Piggy, discover a conch shell on the beach, and Piggy realizes it could be used as a horn to summon the other boys. Once assembled, the boys set about electing a leader and devising a way to be rescued. They choose Ralph as their leader, and Ralph appoints another boy, Jack, to be in charge of the boys who will hunt food for the entire group. Ralph, Jack, and another boy, Simon, set off on an expedition to explore the island. When they return, Ralph declares that they must light a signal fire to attract the attention of passing ships. The boys succeed in igniting some dead wood by focusing sunlight through the lenses of Piggy’s eyeglasses. However, the boys pay more attention to playing than to monitoring the fire, and the flames quickly engulf the forest. A large swath of dead wood burns out of control, and one of the youngest boys in the group disappears, presumably having burned to death. At first, the boys enjoy their life without grown-ups and spend much of their time splashing in the water and playing games. Ralph, however, complains that they should be maintaining the signal fire and building huts for shelter. The hunters fail in their attempt to catch a wild pig, but their leader, Jack, becomes increasingly preoccupied with the act of hunting. When a ship passes by on the horizon one day, Ralph and Piggy notice...
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...1 Literature concerning the lives of African Americans during and after slavery explores the many horrific acts of violence. Violence manifests itself in people both physically and psychologically. Physical wounds may heal over time, but it is the emotional scarring that begins to take a toll on the human mind. The novel, Beloved, by Toni Morrison revolves around the character of Sethe, an African American woman who recently escaped from a slave plantation. Sethe's home on 124 Bluestone Road is haunted by her daughter, Beloved, whom Sethe murdered in order to keep her from the life of slavery. Toni Morrison's novel, Beloved, explores both the uses and effects of violence through multiple characters. The character of Paul D is left traumatized from his days as a slave. The violence that Paul D endured leaves him only with fear, believing that revealing too much will bring him back into a past from which he may never escape. This is evident in Chapter 7, when Paul D recalls the painful memories of his days as a slave with Sethe, “Saying more might push them both to a place they couldn’t get back from. He would keep the rest where it belonged: in that tobacco tin buried in his chest where a red heart used to be. Its lid rusted shut” (Beloved). Both Sethe and Paul D avoid having to deal with the past by repressing the memories of their days as slaves. The effects of violence have ultimately left Paul D with no other choice but to use this destructive coping mechanism. Paul...
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...4790642 Jungle Book 24/11/06 11:45 Page i THE JUNGLE BOOK In the hills of Southern India a baby lies warm and safe in a cave. He lies among wolf-cubs, next to Mother Wolf’s side, and he is not afraid. Outside the cave Shere Khan, the man-eating tiger, roars angrily, wanting to kill. ‘No!’ says Mother Wolf. ‘The man’s cub belongs to me. He will live, to run with the other wolves, to be my son. And I will call him Mowgli.’ The years pass, and Mowgli the man’s cub grows up with the wolves. He learns the Law of the Jungle from his teachers, Baloo the old brown bear and Bagheera the black panther. He has many adventures, and many friends among the animals of the jungle. But he still has an enemy. Shere Khan the tiger has not forgotten. He waits for the day when he can catch the man’s cub – and kill him. 4790642 Jungle Book 24/11/06 11:45 Page ii 4790642 Jungle Book 24/11/06 11:45 Page iii OXFORD BOOKWORMS LIBRARY Classics The Jungle Book Stage 2 (700 headwords) Series Editor: Jennifer Bassett Founder Editor: Tricia Hedge Activities Editors: Jennifer Bassett and Alison Baxter 4790642 Jungle Book 24/11/06 11:45 Page iv 4790642 Jungle Book 13/1/07 07:50 Page v RUDYARD KIPLING The Jungle Book Retold by Ralph Mowat Illustrated by Kanako Damerum and Yuzuru Takasaki OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 4790642 Jungle Book 24/11/06 11:45 Page vi Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University...
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...In Chapter 1, The Leadership Ambition Gap, Sandberg begins by telling the reader that she was born in an environment where girls could do anything that boys could do and she and her siblings were raised to believe that all careers paths were open to them. There is no doubt that women have the skills to lead in the workplace, they are increasingly outperforming men in school, earning more than 50 percent of undergraduate and master’s degrees. Unfortunately, these academic gains have not translated into significantly higher numbers of women in top positions. A contributing factor is the leadership ambition gap which exists between men and women. Although many professional women are “ambitious”, fewer women than men aspire to hold senior positions. Fewer women describe themselves as being ambitious. Women who are “ambitious” are viewed as being aggressive or hard-charging, traits which are considered to be negative for women. As pointed out by Sandberg, “Fear is at the root of so many of the barriers that women face.” These fears include fear of...
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...'LORD OF THE FLIES' by William Golding “Revision notes can never replace knowing the books thoroughly” J.W.Evans These notes should be used as pointers to the directions that your thoughts might take. They are not meant to replace your reading of the novel, you must still do that yourself.. CHARACTERISATION Never forget that we are talking about a group of boys whose maximum age is twelve. RALPH Does he represent all that is good in people? Tall, fair-skinned, blond hair, very athletic, natural leader although not that good a leader as many of his decisions are questionable, which ones?. He is middle-class, father a naval officer. Elected leader but not forceful enough to maintain position. Eventually he loses support and is reduced to the status of an outcast who must flee for his life. Ralph is an idealist and a dreamer. He needs Piggy to think for him. He finds the Conch but Piggy tells him how to use it. At the end of the book, he is a disillusioned realist who now sees his world and its inhabitants for what they are. JACK MERRIDEW Does he represent the worst in people? He is thin, tall, with red hair, light blue eyes and freckles. Leader of the choir, he becomes the leader of the hunters. Increasingly in conflict with Ralph and more particularly, Piggy, he breaks away, forms his own tribe and splits the group. He manages to get the support to do this by offering the boys the attraction of the hunting life and then by terrorising them. In the...
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...------------------------------------------------- Chapter 1 Summary A fair-haired boy lowers himself down some rocks toward a lagoon on a beach. At the lagoon, he encounters another boy, who is chubby, intellectual, and wears thick glasses. The fair-haired boy introduces himself as Ralph and the chubby one introduces himself as Piggy. Through their conversation, we learn that in the midst of a war, a transport plane carrying a group of English boys was shot down over the ocean. It crashed in thick jungle on a deserted island. Scattered by the wreck, the surviving boys lost each other and cannot find the pilot. Ralph and Piggy look around the beach, wondering what has become of the other boys from the plane. They discover a large pink and cream-colored conch shell, which Piggy realizes could be used as a kind of makeshift trumpet. He convinces Ralph to blow through the shell to find the other boys. Summoned by the blast of sound from the shell, boys start to straggle onto the beach. The oldest among them are around twelve; the youngest are around six. Among the group is a boys’ choir, dressed in black gowns and led by an older boy named Jack. They march to the beach in two parallel lines, and Jack snaps at them to stand at attention. The boys taunt Piggy and mock his appearance and nickname. The boys decide to elect a leader. The choirboys vote for Jack, but all the other boys vote for Ralph. Ralph wins the vote, although Jack clearly wants the position. To placate Jack, Ralph...
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...How does Golding establish the mood in the first 3 chapters of the novel? Introduction Willam Golding creates an evil mood in Lord Of The Flies. But how does he do it? He does it in 3 main ways. Read on to find out more. Chapter 1 In chapter 1, Golding introduces the novel's major characters as well as its theme: that evil, as a destructive force in men, society and civilization, is in all of us. To illustrate this theme, Golding uses several motifs: civilization vs savegery, human nature vs animal nature, technology vs nature, and the intellegent vs the physical. As the characters interact with each other and their environment, so do the forces they represent. By making the characters interact with these forces, it allows Golding the opportunity to compare and contrast between both forces and characters. The novel opens with a description of “the long scar smashed into the jungle”. This signifies to the audience that the plane has crashed on an island without civilization. It also makes the forces contrast between each other (technology vs nature). This is a persuasive technique used by Golding to make the audience want to read more. Ralph is elected as leader for superficial reasons. He is a a charming, handsome boy who appears to be in charge because of his use of the conch, which functions for him at the moment of his election as a symbol of authority. Although it was Piggy's quick thinking to use the conch to summon the others, hampered by asthma, he must allow...
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...Peace Child Don Richardson Online Information For the online version of BookRags' Peace Child Premium Study Guide, including complete copyright information, please visit: http://www.bookrags.com/studyguide-peace-child/ Copyright Information ©2000-2007 BookRags, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. The following sections of this BookRags Premium Study Guide is offprint from Gale's For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare & Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources. ©1998-2002; ©2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design® and Thomson Learning are trademarks used herein under license. The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction: "Social Concerns", "Thematic Overview", "Techniques", "Literary Precedents", "Key Questions", "Related Titles", "Adaptations", "Related Web Sites". © 1994-2005, by Walton Beacham. The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Guide to Literature for Young Adults: "About the Author", "Overview", "Setting", "Literary Qualities", "Social Sensitivity", "Topics for Discussion", "Ideas for Reports and Papers". © 1994-2005, by Walton Beacham. All other sections in...
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...Lord of the Flies Journals Record three quotes that demonstrate characterization, tone, diction/connotation, narration, simile, metaphor, personification, imagery, and/or plot development. Jot a note about the literary device and the significance. Make inferences. You may use the tool below to complete your entries, write entries on binder paper, or type entries in your own LitQuake Journal document. Chapters 1-2 Quotation Significance page 11: “I expect we’ll want to know all their names.” William Golding writes“They used to call me piggy.” Before Piggy told Ralph that his nickname was piggy, he was being called fat boy. This was clearly offensive to him. When he asked Ralph to call him something else, it shows about his character. William...
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...I’m sure that, if you’re at all familiar with the American Labor Movement, you’ve at least heard of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle. If you haven’t, however, it’s an exposé of the terrible working conditions faced by immigrant laborers in Chicago a little over 100 years ago. Though I’m not writing to rehash a chapter in a US History textbook, The Jungle signifies something important that was often left overlooked— the lack of care that many companies had for their laborers, as jobs were in high demand and employees were as replaceable as a box of tissues. The novel signified how laborers used to be treated and the lack of humanity that plagued them. Luckily enough, a shift in beliefs allowed for a movement that demanded that laborers are an integral...
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...Throughout this paper, I will be discussing about the meat packing industry during the Industrial Revolution in the late 19th to 29th century. I would like to expand on the environmental consequences of the meat packing industry, the cruel treatment of the workers, and the epidemic diseases that occurred due to the unsanitary environment of the industries. The meat packing industry was a ground turning point of U.S history, which symbolized meat as a symbol of man’s conquest over nature and the environment. Meatpacking industries were largely concentrated in large cities such as Chicago, New York, Ohio, and Kansas City. The big four companies were known as the Armour, Swift, Morris, and National Packing companies. Live animals would be shipped via railroads and sent directly to the factories in the city, ready to be sliced and prepared. This was during the Industrial Revolution , a time when powerful monopolies and companies took control of U.S.: Standard Oil, U.S. Steel, including meat packing industry. Cincinnati, Ohio originally was the center of the meat processing industry. Environmentally, the industry gained benefits due to the plants located near the Ohio River, allowing easy transport of goods. However, Chicago replaced Cincinnati and demonstrated new unique advantages with the emergence of refrigerated railroad cars, allowing convenient transportation facilities throughout different cities. Despite the fact that the exterior of meat packing industries seemed powerful...
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...Devi Henn Life science Assigned reading Part I March 3, 2015 INTO THE JUNGLE: Questions from the book CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS: 1. What experiences of his youth helped to prepare Darwin for the voyage on the Beagle? 2. What geological phenomena and formations did Darwin witness? How did these shape his thinking about the age of the earth or how life changed? 3. What zoological evidence led Darwin to think that species evolved? 4. What were Thomas Malthus’ ideas, and how did Darwin react to them? 5. Why did Darwin delay publishing his species theory? CHAPTER 2 QUESTIONS: 1. Why did Wallace choose to go to the Malay Archipelago? 2. Compare and contrast the animals on Bali, Borneo, and the western islands of the archipelago with those on Lombok, New Guinea, and the eastern islands. What are the differences and why are they important? 3. What observations led Wallace to the idea of a “struggle for existence”? How were Wallace’s observations similar or different from those driving Darwin’s ideas about natural selection? CHAPTHER 3 QUESTIONS: 1. What was the “glimpse” that Bates had “of how nature manufactures her species?” 2. What evidence did Bates assemble to argue that mimicry was due to natural selection and not mere coincidence? 3. Why was Darwin so delighted by Bates’ discovery of mimicry? CHAPTER 4 QUESTIONS: 1. What influence did Thomas Huxley have on Eugene Dubios? 2. Why did Dubios choose to search in...
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...Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson Literature Study Guide © Kent Duryée Table of Contents PART ONE Overview for Parents…………………………………………………………….Page 1 I. Main Characters II. Points for Discussion: • Vocabulary • The Spanish Main • The Age of Reason • Victorian Industrialism • The bildungsroman • Women in Victorian Europe and America Answer Key for “Setting the Stage” and “As You Read” questions…………Page 3 Questions For Discussion……………………………………………………….Page 6 END OF ANSWER KEY PART TWO Study Guide for Students………………………………………………………..Page 7 • History and Setting • The Triangle Trade • Geography • European Colonialism Questions: Setting the Stage…………………………………………………..Page 7 Questions: As You Read……………………………………………………….Page 8 Questions: After Your Reading………………………………………………..Page 9 Vocabulary Exercises………………………………………………………….Page 10 END OF STUDENT ACTIVITIES PART THREE Parents’ Footnotes – Plot Synopsis…………………………………………..Page 12 Answers to Vocabulary Exercises………………………………………….…Page 13 References / Internet Resources……………………………………………..Page 14 1 Literature Study Guide: Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson Part One: For the Parent/Teacher Recommended Ages/Grade Level: Ages 12 and up or Grades 7 and up. Edition used: Children’s Classics, Random House Value Publishing, 1998 Ed. Part One: Overview for Parents: ______________________________________________________ Treasure Island is an adventure novel set in England during the 1700’s. This is one of the classic adventure tales;...
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...Name __________________ APES Isle Royale Population Study Background: Isle Royale is a small island (45 miles long by 9 miles wide) located in Lake Superior. In roughly 1949, due to a thick ice pack on Lake Superior, timber wolves crossed the ice pack and began to live on Isle Royale. In 1958, one of the longest wolf/moose interaction studies began. Far more information can be found at: www.isleroyalewolf.org or www.wolf.org . Isle Royale is one of the locations for the W-SR Wilderness Studies summer trip. Procedure: You will use the population data to graph the interaction between wolf populations and moose populations at Isle Royale. Put both these lines on the same graph; use a different color for wolves and moose. Make sure to note the y-axis location for each!! Data: Year Wolves Moose |1968 |22 |1042 | |1969 |17 |1268 | |1970 |18 |1295 | |1971 |20 |1439 | |1972 |23 |1493 | |1973 |24 |1435 | |1974 |31 |1467 | |1975 |41 |1355 | |1976 |44 |1282 | |1977 |34 |1143 | |1978 |40 |1001 | |1979 |43 |1028 | |1980 |50 |910 | |1981 |30 |863 | |1982 |14 ...
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