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Intramuros

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INTRAMUROS
HISTORY:

Pre-Hispanic period
The strategic location of Manila along the bayand at the mouth of Pasig River made it an ideal location for the Tagalog andKapampangan tribes and kingdoms to trade with merchants from China, India, Borneo andIndonesia.
Before the first arrival of Europeans on Luzonisland, the island was part of the Majapahitempire around the 14th century, according to the epic eulogy poem Nagarakretagama which described its conquest by MahārājaHayam Wuruk.[6] The region was invaded around 1485 by Sultan Bolkiah and became a part of the Sultanate of Brunei.[7] The site of Intramuros then became a part of theIslamic Kingdom of Maynila ruled by various Datus, Rajas and the Sultan.

Spanish conquest of Manila
In 1564, Spanish explorers led by Miguel López de Legazpi sailed from New Spain(now Mexico), and arrived on the island of Cebu on February 13, 1565, establishing the first Spanish colony in the Philippines. Having heard of the rich resources in Manilafrom the natives, Legazpi dispatched two of his lieutenant-commanders, Martín de Goiti and Juan de Salcedo to explore the northern regions of the Visayan islands.
The Spaniards arrived on the island of Luzon in 1570. After quarrel and misunderstandings between the Islamic natives and the Spaniards, they fought for the control of the land and settlements. After several months of warfare, the natives were defeated, and the Spaniards made a peace pact with the tribal councils of Rajah Sulaiman III, Rajah Lakandula, and Rajah Matanda who handed overManila to the Spaniards.
Legazpi declared the area of Manila as the new capital of the Spanish colony on June 24, 1571 because of its strategic location and rich resources. He also proclaimed the sovereignty of the Monarchy of Spain over the all the archipelago. King Philip II of Spaindelighted at the new conquest achieved by Legazpi and his men,

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