...Independent learning and the expert learner Introduction This resource is intended to: • • describe the characteristics of independent learning draw parallels and differences between the ‘independent’ and the ‘expert’ learner. A definition of independent learning One definition of independent learning or ‘autonomy’ in learning is: “…the ability to take charge of one’s learning” H. Holec, 1981 Independent learning is usually developed throughout a learner’s time at school or college to give learners more responsibility for work or learning. It helps learners to make informed choices and to take responsibility for deciding what they need to do in order to learn. To do this and to have the motivation to learn independently, learners need to: • • • feel confident about taking and acting upon decisions appreciate the value of reflecting on learning decide whether learning has been effective or whether they need to try another approach. If you have explored other parts of Developing the expert learner, you may have already noticed that independent learning, with its emphasis on autonomy, reflection and confidence, sits comfortably within the concept of the expert learner. A focus on learning and not teaching Independent learning means that learners make decisions about their learning rather than relying on their teachers to do it for them. At first, many learners find this challenging. When they are more familiar with it, they realise that it allows them to focus on their...
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...AS/A Level GCE GCE Physical Education OCR Advanced Subsidiary GCE in Physical Education H154 OCR Advanced GCE in Physical Education H554 version 2 – February 2008 Vertical black lines indicate a significant change to the previous printed version. © OCR 2008 QAN 500/2591/0 QAN 500/2587/9 Contents 1 About these Qualifications 4 1.1 6 The Four-Unit Advanced GCE 6 1.3 Qualification Titles and Levels 6 1.4 Aims 7 1.5 2 The Two-Unit AS 1.2 Prior Learning/Attainment 8 9 2.1 AS Units 9 2.2 3 Summary of Content A2 Units 10 12 3.1 AS Unit G451: An introduction to Physical Education 12 3.2 AS Unit G452: Acquiring, developing and evaluating practical skills in Physical Education 24 3.3 A2 Unit G453: Principles and concepts across different areas of Physical Education 31 3.4 4 Unit Content A2 Unit G454: The improvement of effective performance and the critical evaluation of practical activities in Physical Education 55 62 4.1 AS GCE Scheme of Assessment 62 4.2 Advanced GCE Scheme of Assessment 63 4.3 Unit Order 64 4.4 Unit Options (at AS/A2) 64 4.5 Synoptic Assessment (A Level GCE) 64 4.6 Assessment Availability 64 4.7 Assessment Objectives 65 4.8 5 Schemes of Assessment Quality of Written Communication 66 Technical Information 67 5.1 Making Unit Entries ...
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