ISCOR 300
Spring 2014 Tuesday 4:00-6:00pm
Exam Study Guide

IDs: You should be able to identify major terms, concepts, events, and people. A good ID response requires that you state who or what it is, AND its significance in the context of the course (how, why important? The so what question). Study suggestion: go through the readings and video, lecture, and discussion notes; make an extended list of potential candidates (20-25). Choose 10-15 to concentrate and focus on in relation to what a good ID should be.

YOU WILL HAVE A LARGE NUMBER OF IDs TO CHOOSE FROM, 5 out of 10-12. Each ID will be worth 10 points, for a total of 50 points.

FOR EXAMPLE, in a class dealing with international security, an ID for Aum Shinrikyo would be as follows:

Aum Shinrikyo was an apocalyptic Japanese religious cult that released sarin nerve gas in the Tokyo subway in 1995, killing 12 and injuring over 5,000. The ultimate goal of the cult was to bring about chaos on an international scale culminating in a nuclear war, as a means of ushering in the apocalypse. The 1995 attack was an effort to test methods of dispersing chemical weapons, a step towards achieving that goal.

Significance: Aum Shinrikyo was the first non-state actor to successfully carry out a large-scale chemical weapon attack against civilians. The cult illustrates a new face of terrorism, post-modern terrorism. Post-modern terrorism is defined as groups without specific political or sub-national goals who desire to kill as many people as possible; mass murder for its own sake, often apocalyptic and nihilist in nature.

ESSAY: Use the Syllabus and Class Schedule to identify the MAJOR themes, issues, and problems we have dealt with thus far. Be able to ANALYZE these issues, NOT simply describe them, in the context of class discussion, videos, and your readings. Be able to put authors together with their arguments, and be aware of the differences and similarities in their perspectives.

Again, YOU WILL HAVE A NUMBER OF ESSAYS TO CHOOSE FROM, at least 2, probably 3. Study accordingly! The essay is worth 50 points.

BRING A BLUE BOOK!!!

IDs: You should be able to identify major terms, concepts, events, and people. A good ID response requires that you state who or what it is, AND its significance in the context of the course (how, why important? The so what question). Study suggestion: go through the readings and video, lecture, and discussion notes; make an extended list of potential candidates (20-25). Choose 10-15 to concentrate and focus on in relation to what a good ID should be. YOU WILL HAVE A LARGE NUMBER OF IDs TO CHOOSE FROM, 5 out of 10-12. Each ID will be worth 10 points, for a total of 50 points.

ESSAY: Use the Syllabus and Class Schedule to identify the MAJOR themes, issues, and problems we have dealt with thus far. Be able to ANALYZE these issues, NOT simply describe them, in the context of class discussion, videos, and your readings. Be able to put authors together with their arguments, and be aware of the differences and similarities in their perspectives. Again, YOU WILL HAVE A NUMBER OF ESSAYS TO CHOOSE FROM, at least 2, probably 3. Study accordingly! The essay is worth 50 points.

If anyone can tie in the readings or the significance of the term to our course, that will help us all get better grades! BRING A BLUE BOOK!!!
Terms:
-BRICS/MIST
-World Bank
-Washington Consensus vs Beijing Consensus
-Liberal Capitalism
-2008 Financial Crisis
-G8&G20
-Mega Cities
-Private and Public Sector
-What the end of power means for the Global Community
-Millennials
-Janet Yellin
-Triple Convergence
-Berlin Wall
-micropowers
-PIIGS
-NGOs
-Sochi Olympics
-New world order
- Flatteners

Possible IDs:

is the Bretton Woods system going to be separated individually ? does anyone know?

World Bank
Who: 730 delegates from all 44 Allied nations at Bretton Woods Conference.
What: 188 Members. The World Bank (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development “IBRD”) was created to help rebuild war-torn countries after WWII. It started out by giving monetary gifts to countries right after the war, but has since switched to loaning out money under conditions. The World Bank’s interests rates are fairly low compared to the IMF, and now are more focused on infrastructural development than on postwar reconstruction. The World Bank has been criticised for its lack of concern for environmental or humanitarian concerns with its contracts. In the past few years they have gotten much better at evaluating the loan conditions on a case by case situation, but they have a long history of causing a lot of damage to the environment, people, and local economies of the countries they give loans to.
When: 1944, Bretton Woods.
Where: HQ in Washington DC.
Why: Reconstruct countries affected by WWII.

GATT/WTO (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade / World Trade Organization)
Who: Multilateral - UN.
What: Established in 1947 as a global trade organization charged with fashioning and enforcing multilateral trade agreements. (Steger, p. 39) Lasted until 1995 when it was replaced by the WTO.
When: 1947 = GATT, 1995 = WTO
Where: ??
Why: "substantial reduction of tariffs and other trade barriers and the elimination of preferences, on a reciprocal and mutually advantageous basis." = OPENS UP TRADE
Significance: ’Anti-globalization’ proponents see American politicians as beholden to transnational corporate interests that undermine the sovereignty of the nation by supporting a global governance structure headed by the WTO and other international institutions. (Steger, p.105)

IMF (International Monetary Fund)
Who: member countries from Bretton Woods Conference.
What: Created in the Bretton-Woods system to administer the international monetary system; maintains global economic stability through advice and bail-outs. (Steger, p.39 + notes)
When: 1945
Where: HQ - Washington DC
Why: “The IMF's stated goal was to assist in the reconstruction of the world's international payment system post–World War II. Countries contribute money to a pool through a quota system from which countries with payment imbalances can borrow funds temporarily.”
Significance: As a “lender of last resort” (Class notes) the main issues with the IMF are the stringent conditions attached to bail-out loans as directed by the neoliberal Washington Consensus, which some view as a type of economic colonialism. (Steger, p. 57)

Liberal Capitalism
Who:
What:
When:
Where:
Why:

PIIGS
Who: Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain.
What:
When:
Where:
Significance: These countries are the “sick men” of the global economy. Two huge indicators that put PIIGS on the sick list are: Debt and Unemployment rates.They are important because their economies are powerful in the EU and overall global system. These weak and unstable economies are of high concern, especially to those who bailed them out during the financial crisis of 2008-2009 (ex: Germany and Greece).
Also as former great powers it is significant that they have given way to the BRICS. Brics are those who are up and coming mega economic stars who are currently growing at a fast rate. BRICS have actually gotten together in a formal way to have conversations about building their relationships rather than competition.

NGOs (Non-Governmential Organizations) [changes in global power]
What:
When:
Where:
Significance:

BRICS/MIST
Who: BRICS: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa MI(I)ST: Mexico, Indonesia, (Iran), South Korea, Turkey
What: it shows how the global world powers are shifting
When:
Where:
Significance: These countries are seen as the emerging leaders of the developing world. The name BRICS and MIST was coined by a Wallstreet Investor, and it lead these countries into forming a sort of economic pact. They are examples of “Rise of the Rest.” The BRICS are becoming global players, and are helping shift the world from its current Unipolar focus a more multi/nonpolar world. BRICS has formed into an actual Transgovernmental Organization that works toward economic improvement between all the countries. MIST on the otherhand has made no real efforts to organize into any sort of a cohesive group. These 9 (10) counties are examples of Niam’s ideas about the end of power, and shows how the global world is changing.

Washington Consensus vs Beijing Consensus
Who:
What:
When:
Where:
The Washington Consensus is a set of policies believed to be necessary to increase economic growth. At its heart is an emphasis on the importance of macroeconomic stability and integration into the international economy - in other words a neo-liberal view of globalization.
The Beijing Consensus is a system of economic management in which state has prominent role. Examples: PRC, Russia, Gulf States.
2008 Financial Crisis
Who: started in the United States and moved through Europe
What:
When: 2007-2009
Where: US
The 2008 Financial crisis was seen as the largest recession since since the great depression in the 1930’s. One of the major components to why it began was do to the housing market crashing in which it reached its peak in 2006. The theory is the banks, made it extremely easy to acquire a loan, which in return allowed for people who were not suitable to make a large purchase such as a house able to do so. This led to many foreclosures as well as evictions. The recession in America could be heard all the way around the world. As we have learned, the whole world in essence is one large economy and when one small thing goes wrong it affects everyone. It was largely seen in the European sovereign debt crisis. Other major countries that suffered where Kenya and Cambodia. Both were having growth in their economies before the recession hit.

G8: (non-wikipedia please!)
Who:
What:
When:
Where:
The Group of Eight (G8) is a forum for the governments of a group of eight leading industrialised countries.[1] The forum originated with a 1975 summit hosted by France that brought together representatives of six governments: France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, theUnited Kingdom, and the United States, thus leading to the name Group of Six or G6. The summit became known as the Group of Seven or G7 the following year with the addition of Canada. The G7 is composed by the 7 developed wealthiest countries on Earth (as national net wealth) and by the 7 developed wealthiest countries on Earth by GDP,[2] and it remains active despite the creation of the G8. In 1998, Russia was added to the group which then became known as the G8.[3] The European Union is represented within the G8 but cannot host or chair summits.[4]

G20: (someone add a non-wikipedia entry)
Who:
What:
When:
Where:
The Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (also known as the G-20, G20, and Group of Twenty) is a group of finance ministers and central bank governors from 20 major economies: 19 countries plus the European Union, which is represented by the President of the European Council and by the European Central Bank.[2] The G-20 heads of government or heads of state have also periodically conferred at summits since their initial meeting in 2008. Collectively, the G-20 economies account for around 85% of the gross world product (GWP), 80% of world trade (or if excluding EU intra-trade: 75%), and two-thirds of the world population.[2]

Transgovernmental networks (needs entry)

Mega Cities thesis in The End of Power could someone please elaborate on this a little bit more?
Mega Cities: Metropolitan areas with a population of 10 million or more. They are not the answer to our problems in the 21st century but they have a lot to offer. Where prospects, problems, opportunities, and challenges put in sharpest relief in the 21st century. Friedmann calls these cities supermarkets of the 21st century because these cities have jobs to offer, transportation, infra structure, resources. They are development engines of their own countries and the entire global economy, if they go down everyone goes down to. They are also nerve centers of an interconnected global economy, jusyt as fast as the money rushes in it also rushes out. They also have strong internal innovation they bring people with goods and ideas together with people with money and capital they force interaction among different people. The challenges of megacities is keepign them compact, clean, and livable. The infrastructure growth can take over sustainability of the environemnt, they can also easily develop squatters, slums, crime, and poverty. There is also a great deal of economic inequality as a challenge, where the rich and poor divide is the strongest here.

Thankyou so much!

Millennials changing roles regarding globalization

Janet Yellan

Potential role of women in private sector

Characterization of 3 revolutions in The End of Power Mentality Revolution Mobility Revolution More Revolution
(Answer on page 11 in NAIM) (or pg. 72)

Triple convergence
Three sides of Triple convergence:
-Flatteners aka "enablers": Creation of a global, web-enabled playing field that allows for multiple forms of collaboration.
-New Ways of Doing Business: Practices and skills bringing businesses and nations together.
-New Players on new, more open playing field: PRC, India, Russia, BRIC.

Berlin Wall (Flatteners)
11/9/89 - only political flattener -Tipped balance of power globally toward those advocating democratic, consensual, free-market governance, away from authoritarian rule and centrally planned economies. This helped create one connected global community.

Micropowers The End of Power
Private businesses that are rising to power in place of the state.
- Chapter 4 in Naim explains the Micropowers and how they coincide with the 3 Revolutions

Power Diffusion
New technologies and novel social groupings have allowed inventors, activists, terrorists, and many other types of people to exercise more influence. This caused power to shift from states to non-state actors, from institutions to networks.

Sochi Olympics what did it represent

New World Order (for an essay question) The End of Power
The diffusion of power from governments and institutions to NGOs and IGOs created a new world order where wealth is more concentrated than ever, but power is more diversely distributed.