...“Ethnicity is still too often portrayed by the mass media in ways that reinforce stereotypes” To what extent do sociological arguments and evidence support this view? A stereotype is a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing, these can be gender specific or towards a specific race. Stuart Hall (1978) conducted research and found that between August 1972 and August 1973 there were at least reports of 60 muggings in national newspapers and that there had been a reported increase of 129%. He states that the media was attempting to cause a moral panic to create fear in the public and Black people were the folk devils in which the moral panic was based around. He argues two reasons for the cause of this moral panic: The state and the ruling class were suffering a ‘crisis of hegemony’ and that there was a decline in the dominance of the ruling class due to ‘Black Power’ demonstrations, the oil crisis and strikes and power cuts. The second reason was the ruling classes needed to regain control and making mugging a moral panic achieved this by portraying violent crimes as a threat to society, which lead to the justified use of a police crackdown, muggers were portrayed as black and justified the targeting of black people by police. Hall also explains how the labelling of black people as criminals then leads to a self-fulfilling prophecy as they are stopped and searched more and arrested more, making them appear in official statistics...
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... |Term |Definition | |Stereotypes |Are unreliable generalizations about all members of a group without taking the individual into | | |account. | |Prejudice |Is a negative attitude towards an entire category of people | |Labeling theory |How self- identity and behavior of individuals may be determined or influenced by terms used to | | |describe or classify them. | Part II Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: • Race • Ethnicity • Religion • Gender • Sexual orientation • Age • Disability |Category |Stereotype 1 |Stereotype 2 |Stereotype 3 | |Race |Whites-uncaring |Blacks-poor |Asians-smart | |Religion |Islam-kill all non- believers |Christian-peaceful |Buddhism-rub the fat guy belly | |Age |Teens-Rebels...
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...University of Phoenix Material Appendix A Part I Define the following terms found in Week One and Week Two readings: Term Definition Diversity Diversity is defined as differences in people such as race, religion, and ethnicity. Ethnocentrism Ethnocentrism is the idea that a person’s own culture and way of life is greater than all others. Melting pot A melting pot refers to a place that includes both diverse racial and ethnic groups, that have come together to create a new culture. The United States is often referred to as a melting pot. Minority group Minority groups are defined as groups whose members have considerably less power or control over their own lives than the members of majority groups. Emigration The act of leaving one country to settle into another country is emigration. Immigration Immigration is moving to a new country and becoming a permanent resident of that country. Culture Culture is the tradition of a group and is passed down from generation to generation. Part II Answer each question in 250 to 350 words. 1. What are some of the ways groups of people are identified? In the society which we live people find it necessary to group individuals as they see fit. Though these groupings can be offensive and lead the way for stereotyping the grouping of people is done on a daily basis. Each time an application for employment or just about anything is filled out there is a need to know which...
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...Negative Stereotype Life is a symphony composed of three distinct movements, a lot of people, a few people, and almost no one; each of them is affected by stereotypes. Stereotypes may be defined as popular beliefs about specific social groups or types of individuals and are broadly standardized or simplified conceptions of groups based on some prior assumptions.* , stereotypes are present an incomplete, subjective and sometimes false image of the reality. They are often based on tradition and are resistant to change. Although they can have positive and negative effect; the last is much more common and easily spread throughout social institutions, such as mass media, that are using stereotypes, basing on the assumption, that they are well known to everyone and help the receivers to understand the content of the message. Stereotypes have a negative effect when it published throughout the mass media such as gender stereotype or violence stereotype and other. First, gender stereotype; the Differentiating gender roles in the modern societies can be a perfect example of the negative social effects of using stereotypes in mass media. Nowadays the differences between male and female roles are smaller, however mass media still perpetuates traditional gender stereotypes so still seen in series how is the man have been considered to be financial providers, assertive and independent, whereas women have been shown as low-position workers, responsible for raising children and doing...
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...STEREOTYPES 1. Introduction People are living within societies in which having different cultural background. Cross-cultural literacy is difficult to undertake due to the stumbling block such as generalization that people make and stereotypes that people have. Stereotyping is the way to use the fixed images of people belonging to a group, which have a tendency to categorize people based on a group they belong to rather than processing the information individually. Generalization usually comes before stereotyping, in order to generalize certain group of people. For example, all Italian loves spaghetti, and Maria is Italian, hence in conclusion Maria loves spaghetti. In that case, people are stereotyping Maria, which in fact Maria might or might not love spaghetti as she comes from North Eastern part of Italy whose has Germanic Austrian background. In fact, stereotyping leads to arrange some conception map in a way of thinking in which aimed to facilitate the progress of information. Stereotyping can be considered normal when faced with a new situation. Stereotyping triggers the mindset that has been collectively programming to set up that each group has the same pattern, which in fact it may be different with the perception to certain things. In the worst case, stereotyping may lead to possibility of racism, exclusion and personal discrimination towards ethnic identity, culture, occupation, age, sex, education grounds and some more. However, this essay later will just...
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...Living in America we deal with a lot of diversity, especially those in the criminal justice field where situations caused by religion and ethnicity can lead to a problem. Stereotypes are ideas held by some individuals about members of particular groups, based solely on membership in that group. Stereotyping is one of the biggest problems that we deal with, particularly in law enforcement. Stereotype threat can result in a self-fulfilling insight whereby a person comes to resemble his or her reputation, living up or down to social expectations. Over the years there have been many allegations of police officers accused of going after individuals and accusing them of a crime based on the sole fact of what their religious beliefs might be. This has been going on for a long time; however in recent years, it has gotten worse. The main job of police officers is to uphold the law, not to break it. Although stereotyping is not against the law, police officers have taken an oath to protect all human beings, regardless of their race or religion and stereotyping based on religion should not take place. Just because an individual is of a certain race does not give us the right to stereotype them as a bad human being. Thus stereotyping one’s religious beliefs is wrong, and it goes against what America is all about, that everyone is equal. The book American Dervish is a perfect example of diversity and religion in the United States. The book is good but some of the characters the...
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...Stereotypes In this country, people are guilty of many different things; one of those things that effect many individual people in particular is using stereotypes. In today’s society it has almost become commonplace for stereotypes to be used whether it’s on television or a coffee shop. Using stereotypes makes it easier for someone to categorize another person within their head without even giving that person a chance. People feel better and more comfortable when something has a label on it because it’s easier for them to process in their own head. Some of these stereotypes used are harmless and then again some are very hurtful. That being said, it still doesn’t make it acceptable to use these in the first place without any previous information on an individual person or group. The one thing that is prevalent in both of these situations is that no good comes from using them. Whether you realize it or not, at some point in your life, you have used a stereotype or have been stereotyped. Astereotype is the belief about another culture, race or a person that has no logic or evidence to support their negative thoughts.The driving force behind using stereotypes is ignorance. I believe that anything that is associated with ignorance is a negative thing. If you watch certain movies and television shows you could be able to pick out certain stereotypes. Race is usually a factor in movies whether it refers to the Asian kids in school who are always the intelligent ones or if they...
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...Whether negative or positive, stereotypes are common among all races and religions and provide people with an idea about who someone is without getting to know them. For Muslim people the stereotyping has gone beyond making assumptions about people, it has progressed to a level where numerous people have openly shown prejudice and discrimination towards Muslim people by American citizens (Croucher et al. 2013). The media has brought a lot of attention to the various terrorist attacks and wars in Iraq, so when American citizens see a person in their town wearing religious attire similar to what they've seen on television, the natural reaction is to be afraid and suspicious. This stereotyping has not been harmless as some people might believe,...
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...hours a day. But it’s okay because I know he’s working to provide our family with the best care and make us proud (Cohen 2011). (Question 1) When I wake up, I start out my morning with looking at my schoolwork and seeing what I need to do for the day and plan accordingly. My parents and family back home in Japan have high expectations for me and I want to do everything I can to impress them. I then attend all of my classes back to back because I’m taking twenty credit hours; my plan is to graduate this December. After I finish my classes, I head up to the library for three back to back Asian centered study groups. My friends and I help each other out a lot; I have found that we compliment each other well because we experience the same stereotypes and can help one another out (Kiley 2012). (Question 2) A common misconception of Asians is that we are complete nerds that have no life or time for anything but studies. Well that’s not true and very prejudice. I have a job just like a lot of other college students. My scholarship covers my schooling but I like to have spending money for myself. My parents say that I am an adult and should support myself....
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...class and the Asians as unreceptive. These negative labels may lead teachers to treat ethnic minority pupils differently and this could result to failure. A good example of black labelling is from the studies by Gillborn and Youdell; Gillborn found that teachers were quick to tell black students off for behaviour rather than others. They found that black pupils were expected by teachers to disruptive and have behavioural problems which would be seen as threatening or challenging authority. When this was interpreted wrongly, this resulted in negative feedback from the black students which also resulted in further conflict. They both conclude that most of the conflict that occurs between white teachers and black pupils comes from the racial stereotypes that teachers hold. Bernard Coard explains how the ethnocentric curriculum may create under-achievement. An example of this is the history of Britain, which are supposed to bring civilisation to the 'primitive' peoples they colonised. Therefore, this image of black people as inferior undermines their self-esteem and leads to their failure. However, this is not clear as what the impact the ethnocentric curriculum has. For example, it may ignore Asian culture, Indian and Chinese pupils' achievement is above the national...
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...television show, Lost, and how in leans more towards exploitation because of its incorporation of token characters from different races and genders, which hurts more than helps our society, particularly American society, in its goal of expelling racism and sexism. The racial and gender stereotypes displayed in the hit television show Lost contribute negatively to society and its attempt to expel racism and sexism. By having characters that blatantly follow both racial and gendered stereotypes broadcasted on one of the most popular American television shows, it communicates to its viewers that their own stereotypical views on different races and cultures are inherently true and further cement that view point into the American mindset. If you’ve never seen the television series Lost, then it’s safe to say you’re lost. Although the series has long come to a close, when it was being aired, it was one of the most talked about shows on television. The one thing people didn’t seem to notice, and neither did I until I looked at it with a very critical eye, is that a large amount of the characters on the show fit almost perfectly into the stereotypes of their particular race. Before diving deep into these stereotypes, its critical you understand the background story to the show. The television series Lost is about an international flight flying from Sydney, Australia to Los Angeles, California that goes off course mysteriously and crash-lands on a tropical island....
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...University of Phoenix Material Appendix B Part I Define the following terms: |Term |Definition | |Stereotypes |Stereotypes are unreliable generalizations about all | | |Members of a group that do not take individual differences into account. Numerous | | |scientific studies have been made of these exaggerated images | |Prejudice |a negative attitude toward an entire | | |category of people, such as a racial or | | |ethnic minority | |Labeling theory |a sociological approach introduced | | |by Howard Becker that attempts to | | |explain why certain people are viewed | | |as deviants and others engaging in the ...
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...Part I Define the following terms: |Term |Definition | |Stereotypes |unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not take individual differences into| | |account | |Prejudice |A unfavorable opinion or feeling formed beforehand or without knowledge, thought, or reason. | | | | |Labeling theory |Is the view of deviance according to which being labeled as a "deviant" leads a person to engage in | | |deviant behavior. | Part II Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: • Ethnicity • Religion • Gender • Sexual orientation • Age • Disability |Category |Stereotype 1 |Stereotype 2 |Stereotype 3 | |Race |Color |Language |looks | |Sexual orientation...
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...Barbie Doll. Perhaps the real mark of "Barbie Doll's" welcome has been the numerous times it has been reprinted and analysed. Appearing in 1973, at the heart of feminism's second wave, "Barbie Doll" embodied the rage many women felt at being sexually objectified and treated as second-class citizens. The poem remains popular in large parts because it continues to represent women's experience. When you read the title of this poem, automatically you get a sense of something that is not real, a typical stereotype. This stereotype is seen through modern life today, through the media, celebrities, peer groups, or the obvious child’s toy. “Barbie Doll” symbolically describes the inherently destructive nature of patriarchy. A system of social organization in which the “male” is the ruling principle, patriarchy demands women’s obedience to men. Historically, this obedience has been externally manifest through law, for example, until the twentieth century women had been denied voting privileges in the United States. But patriarchy also exhibits its power through the shaping of mind and self-image. A “good” woman is one who conforms to patriarchal expectations: she is feminine, domestic, and will be a stereotypical housewife and leave the men to be the “breadwinner”. The “Barbie Doll” is known as “Satan’s plastic sister”. The intention of the doll was perfection, and when little girls are brought up playing with “Barbie & Ken” they expect reality to be very similar in later life, as...
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...Writing Workshop Cofer - The Myth of the Latin Woman: I just met a girl named Maria March 4, 2009 As Judith Ortiz Cofer says in her essay “mixed cultural signals have perpetuated certain stereotypes” (49). Since something can be natural in a determined culture and offensive in another, it is easy to find a variety of behaves that are misunderstood. This misunderstood is what promotes the existence of prejudice. The stereotypes should be ignored and forgotten by people. Each individual should be judge by its work and personality, and not by its clothes, physical appearance or place of origin. People should know better about distinct culture before believe in stereotypes. As a Brazilian woman (and therefore Latina).I can talk about the stereotype created about women from my country. Brazil is known for its soccer team, carnival, and beautiful women. It seems nice characteristic to be identified with. Although, those characteristics make people believe that in Brazil the women are always or at least most of the time naked. Brazilian girls are believed to be easy ones, because they kiss in the mouth on the first date. In some countries (as the ones in Europe) people also believe the Brazilian women that move to there are all prostitutes. Those and much more related kind of stereotypes make the Brazilian women to endure a lot prejudice not only as a Latin but also as a Brazilian. It is very sad to know that people are so influenceable but that is how it is. And it is very difficult...
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