.... ìGETTING TO NOî AN ANALYSIS OF FAILED MEDIATION IN THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT (1993-2000) Master of Arts in Law and Diplomacy Thesis Submitted by Ahsiya Posner 9 February 2003 Under the advisement of Professor Eileen Babbitt and Professor Diana Chigas ABSTRACT This paper will attempt this difficult but important task with the humble understanding that ìthe full storyî is impossible to know and telló even for the very participants of the process. Nevertheless, in this investigation, the author will explore four main questions. The first three questions are: 1) did the OPP set the Israelis and Palestinians on a trajectory that ìdoomedî CD2 from the start?; 2) were there problems inherent to the process and structure of CD2 that led to its failure?; and, 3) how should future mediation attempts of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict be structured in order to meet with more success? The fourth question, however, requires further introduction. The forthcoming study of CD2 will be guided by a ìProvisional Framework (PF)î of seven criteria that I believe are necessary ingredients to successful peacemaking processes. I devised this framework after consulting existing literature and scholars in the field of mediation and negotiation in general, as well as after reviewing scholarly pieces focusing on the Israel-Palestinian peace process in particular. Thus, after using this framework to analyze CD2, conclusions will thus be drawn with regard to a fourth and final question:...
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...5/8/2014 Israeli–Palestinian conflict - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Israeli–Palestinian conflict From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Israeli–Palestinian conflict (Arabic: اﻟﻨﺰاع اﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﯿﻨﻲ - اﻹﺳﺮاﺋﯿﻠﻲ al-Niza'a al'Filastini al 'Israili; Hebrew: הסכסוך הישראלי-פלסטיני Ha'Sikhsukh Ha'YisraeliFalestini) is the ongoing struggle between Israelis and Palestinians that began in the mid-20th century.[1] The conflict is wide-ranging, and the term is sometimes also used in reference to the earlier sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine, between the Zionist yishuv and the Arab population under British rule. The Israeli–Palestinian conflict has formed the core part of the wider Arab–Israeli conflict. It has widely been referred to as the world's "most intractable conflict".[3][4][5] Despite a long-term peace process and the general reconciliation of Israel with Egypt and Jordan, Israelis and Palestinians have failed to reach a final peace agreement. The remaining key issues are: mutual recognition, borders, security, water rights, control of Jerusalem, Israeli settlements,[6] Palestinian freedom of movement,[7] and resolving Palestinian claims of a right of return for their refugees. The violence of the conflict, in a region rich in sites of historic, cultural and religious interest worldwide, has been the object of numerous international conferences dealing with historic rights, security issues and human rights, and has been a factor hampering tourism in and...
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... Alexandra Gadi THST 398 – Dr. Soomekh Final Paper Due: April 29, 2011 Terrorism in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been an impacting factor on both sides, resulting in numerous and unnecessary casualties. Israel’s terrorism was rooted mainly from Gush Emunim, “Bloc of the Faithful” . On the other hand, Palestinian terrorism has spawned from a wide scope of different beliefs ranging from secular Palestinians through religious Jihadists. Jihad literary means struggle in Arabic . These Jihadists and secular terrorists blow themselves up with the belief that they are furthering their cause and feel as if they are warriors fighting in the battle for a homeland and freedom, one explosion at a time. Gush Emunim started as a Jewish fundamentalist movement in Israel that sought out to reclaim the lands of Abraham through a combination of propaganda, religious justification, and military force . Gush Emunim’s action “shows the growing resentment by Jewish fundamentalism of moves for peace. This, logically, was to lead to the “righteous” killing of [Yitzchak] Rabin” . Gush Emunim has used its religious power as a stepping-stone into Israeli politics in order to gain legal support for its settlement plans. The Gush Emunim movement has been made responsible for evicting Palestinian refugees from their homes in order to build their own settlements . Basing their existence off of religious platform, “Gush Emunim has used its...
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...History 361-01-Jewish History The Human Shield The debate over the use of human shields in combat has gone on for years and it is a hot topic as it pertains to the ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestine. Even though the act of using human shields can be traced all the way back to the 13th century when it was a tactic used by the Mongols in combat, the issue seems to have become an international focus especially under the microscope placed on the Israeli-Palestine conflict. The question now is why has so much attention been placed on the use of human shields by Israeli and Palestinian troops when there is documentation in one form or another of this “tactic” being used in every major conflict or war that has occurred over the last 300 years? As it relates to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, there are numerous articles and news reports which offer insight and accusations as to why this tactic is being used so liberally in this conflict. Whereas Pro-Israel reports shift blame to Palestinian fighters, likewise Pro-Palestinian reports shift blame to Israel. Finding any Israeli or Palestinian report offering a non-biased report going against its government or nation is quite difficult. For the purpose of military affairs, human shield is defined by freedictionary.com, as a person who takes a position at a likely military target as a means of forestalling an enemy attack...
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...Palestinian-Israeli Conflict from the Perspective of Palestinian Filmmaker Name Institution Palestinian-Israeli Conflict from the Perspective of Palestinian Filmmaker The Palestinian movie industry has significantly grown in the resent past despite the challenge they face with majority of the movies coming from different sources of film production. There lack adequate equipments that are used to produce the movies, and this poses a great challenge to the industry. Lack of funds to finance the movie production, further, poses a greater challenge in the industry. The various Palestinian movie production sites include the Authority of Palestinian, the different Diasporas in Palestinian and also other producers in Israel. The Palestinian Cinema can, therefore, be viewed as an opposing representation because it originated from the conflict between Palestinian and Israel. The conflict between Palestinian and Israel began man years ago due to the decision of the United States to form Israel. The conflicts between the two nations involve the Arabs who are the Palestinians and Jewish who are the Israelites. The war has resulted in death of many people and has further, led to discrepancies between the Israelites and many Arab nations. The differences between the Zionists and various Arab nations that are not involved in the actual conflict are as a result of their involvement in the war to assist the Palestinians. According to Bulton (2013), most of the Palestinian films are based on...
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...Palestinian-Israeli Conflict from the Perspective of Palestinian Filmmaker Name Institution Palestinian-Israeli Conflict from the Perspective of Palestinian Filmmaker The Palestinian movie industry has significantly grown in the resent past despite the challenge they face with majority of the movies coming from different sources of film production. There lack adequate equipments that are used to produce the movies, and this poses a great challenge to the industry. Lack of funds to finance the movie production, further, poses a greater challenge in the industry. The various Palestinian movie production sites include the Authority of Palestinian, the different Diasporas in Palestinian and also other producers in Israel. The Palestinian Cinema can, therefore, be viewed as an opposing representation because it originated from the conflict between Palestinian and Israel. The conflict between Palestinian and Israel began man years ago due to the decision of the United States to form Israel. The conflicts between the two nations involve the Arabs who are the Palestinians and Jewish who are the Israelites. The war has resulted in death of many people and has further, led to discrepancies between the Israelites and many Arab nations. The differences between the Zionists and various Arab nations that are not involved in the actual conflict are as a result of their involvement in the war to assist the Palestinians. According to Bulton (2013), most of the Palestinian films are based...
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...The Israeli-Palestinian is a conflict that has been thriving since the creation of the State of Israel in 1948 and it has fostered numerous sentiments and theories about the vital role that religion plays in the conversation. Many have attempted to evaluate the situation in hopes to find the origin of the conflict and to try and enlighten world leaders on how to resolve this conflict, but there seems to be no way of putting an end to the warfare. This essay will examine the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as it relates to René Girard’s theories of mimetic desire, mimetic rivalry and the scapegoat mechanism and explain that each of these theories plays a significance in the conflict how they are intertwined with religion. In order to express the...
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...2. ‘The issue of territory has remained the key stumbling block to a peaceful resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict.’ How accurate is this statement? The Arab-Israeli conflict refers to the political tensions and open hostilities between the Arab peoples and the Jewish community of the Middle East that have lasted for decades. The conflict, which started as a political and nationalist conflict over competing territorial ambitions has become highly protracted and other issues such as the rise in terrorist organizations and its role in the Cold War arena have became stumbling blocks to a peaceful resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Nevertheless, the issue of territory is the main reason that hindered the peace progress because of the unwillingness of all parties to make concessions on territories, which stalled all peace talks. The issue of territory is the key stumbling block to a peaceful resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict due to competing territorial ambitions between Palestine-Arabs, Israelis and the Arab nations, that made the conflict intractable. Little compromises could be made on territorial issues as it involves the sovereignty of the state. The city of Jerusalem was also a much sought after territory due to its religious significance to both the Jews and Muslims. During the first Arab-Israel war of 1948, Israel managed to expand her territory beyond what was previously stated in the Partition Plan by 21% through the act of driving out the Arabs and...
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...The Arab – Israeli Conflict: Peace Building Learning Institution Student Name Introduction The Arab-Israeli conflict is not a single conflict especially when analyzing and evaluating movements towards new forms of behavior in a given conflict system (Bar-Siman-Tov, 2013: 1). The United States played in a key role in the encouragement of a creation of a conflict management framework that could be applied. It was realized that there would be a need for a further and deeper learning process to enable conflict resolution (Bar-Siman-Tov, 2013: 1). As an intrastate conflict, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict should be seen above all as a major human problem involving approximately 3 million people who have been systematically deprived of their individual freedoms and right of self-determination through nearly three decades of military occupation (Kaufman, 2012: par 5). The decision to form a truth and reconciliation commission can drastically affect the future of a society recovering from a traumatic past (Coleman, 2013: par 7). He specific conditions of the nation, culture and peoples involved must be considered carefully before deciding to form a truth and reconciliation commission (Coleman, 2013: par 3). Societies emerging from violent conflict or oppressive regime often find it difficult t recover, build a future, and prevent themselves from falling into the conflict trap (Committee, 2011: par 4).The core pillars of transitional justice are truth seeking...
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...In the context of the period 1895-2000, how far can the birth of Israel be held responsible for the conflict over Palestine? The State of Israel was inaugurated on 14th May 1948 by David Ben-Gurion in what is now Independence Hall in Tel-Aviv. Since then Israel has had a turbulent history, the situation today maintaining this violent trend. This is the reason many hold Israel and thus its birth responsible for this century old conflict, however this reasoning is too simple for a conflict that has lasted for more than a century. An ancient claim, a nationalist movement, two wars, foreign powers, genocide and the UN created Israel, however there is more than one group of people; the other peoples that live in the land of Palestine can share the responsibility for the conflict alongside their Arab neighbours. However it is reasonable to say one can be held more responsible than the other. The Jewish people played an important part in the history of Palestine for many centuries before the birth of Christ. The Jewish version of this period is told in the Bible. It describes how God chose the Jews as his special people and gave them the land of Israel. Under the kings David and Solomon the Jews reached a peak of power in the 10th century before Christ however by the end of the second century AD Jews were no longer a majority in Palestine. The Diaspora had spread the Jewish people far across Europe where they suffered much anti-Semitic discrimination from persecution to the pogroms...
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...The Israeli’s and Palestinians have been fighting over control of the same piece of land for nearly a century. (“The Mideast: A Century of Conflict”). The fighting has been relentless, taking devastating tolls on both the Israeli peoples and the Palestinian peoples. The constant violence and killing has only remained a fuel for the hatred and blood thirsty motivation against one another. This conflict has torn families apart, ruined ties between two groups of people, and put the rest of the world in difficult position, as well as their neighboring countries, due to the fact that no one knows how to help. How do you calmly and efficiently resolve an issue that has ensued for over one hundred years? Which there lies another portion of the problem....
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...Rappuhn 1 Allie Rappuhn Jeanne Foust 12 Honors English December 12, 2014 Israeli-Palestinian Conflict The Israeli–Palestinian conflict is an ongoing struggle between Israelis and Palestinians that began in the mid-20th century. If these two groups compromise and become two states, peace will hopefully come to this part of the world eventually (“Israeli-Palestinian Conflict”). The Israeli–Palestinian conflict has its roots in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the birth of major nationalist movements among the Jews and among the Arabs. Both groups headed towards attaining sovereignty for their own people in the Middle East. The collision between those two forces in southern Levant and the emergence of Palestinian nationalism in the 1920s eventually escalated into the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in 1947, and expanded into the wider Arab-Israeli conflict later on (“A Synopsis of the Israel/Palestine Conflict”). The on-going debate is if the state of Palestine should become one state, or two states. There are people on both sides, of course, but which is really the best solution? Many people believe that dividing the state is the only solution. Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime Minister of Israel, in a June 14, 2009 transcript titled "Address by PM Netanyahu at Bar-Ilan University” takes the side of a two-state solution. He states, “In my vision of peace, in this small land of ours, two peoples live freely, side-by-side, in amity and mutual respect. Each...
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...TOPIC: ISRAELI AND PALESTINIAN CONFLICT SEMESTER TWO WEEK 13 DUE DATE: 30TH, SEPTEMBER, 2014 UNIT LECTURER: MR GORDAN KUIAS STUDENT NAME: PUP JOSIAH YEAR LEVEL: TWO (2) MARKS: /30 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction1 General description about this conflict2 Historical background of the conflict3 The actors involved in the conflict with their reasons………………………………………………………………………. Findings on politics, social and economy and religious impact of this conflict4 General Evaluations of the conflict5 Conclusion6 References…………………….................................................................................…………………………………………….7 Introduction In this course Fundamentalism and Global Politics, I learnt divergent world religions and world politics. They are categorized into main subtopics; comparative politics of third world, Governance networks in public, International politics, Global classifications and Theories of politics. Hence, Politics are the activities associated with governance of a country or area and fundamentalism a form of Protestant Christianity which upholds belief in the strict in literal interpretation of the bible. As such, we were given the topic on conflict between the Israeli-Palestinian to base our investigations. Conflict has been commonly codified as “man against self”, “man against man” and “man against nature and in this case, state against the state and this is the ongoing dispute between the State of Israel and the Palestinians. Generally, this conflict is very...
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...research “How has Palestinian application for UN membership and statehood recognition affected the advancement of the peace process between Israel and Palestine?“ was to provide a thorough examination of the Arab-Israeli conflict and estimate the possible courses of its development in case of UN interference into the matter. The method used in the process of investigation consisted in accessing English and Israeli websites, including the official website of the Parliament of Israel, in order to collect the necessary information on the issue. A vast amount of opinions was gathered and applied in the research, that helped to create the holistic picture of the problem under consideration. As a result of the investigation the conclusion has been drawn that at the present moment Palestinian bid for statehood and membership rather added to the problem than helped to solve it. Although each of the UN members has its own interests to pursue in this conflict, the majority of the UN member states still refrain from any steps towards the conflict resolution and consider the admission of Palestine to the UN impossible until certain agreement is achieved between the two countries. Page numbers Introduction to the Essay 2 Subheading 1: The attempts to negotiate peace between Israel and Palestine. 4 Subheading 2: The official standpoints of the sides involved. Reasons for obtaining UN membership and statehood. Public response in Palestinian and Israeli society. 7 Subheading...
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...7 Paragraphs Palestinian Statehood and Israel’s “Right to Exist” As of now the Jews believe in Zionism, which allows them to believe Palestine should not have a state because that is Israel's Land. Israel is self-determined to get the land they are entitled to back in their possession. Since Israelis and Palestinians cannot agree on diving land to resolve disagreement there is the need a mandated two-state solution that gives Jews their own land. With this solution, Israelis and Palestinians can both exist together as a nation. Whereas some may want to give all the land to either Palestinians or Israelis if they each have their own land there will be less conflict. As the both coexist, it becomes the two-state solution. By doing this, it will get rid of both places becoming one nation and reduce the amount of disputes and war. With separate land they can try to work on their own conflicts as their own states with their own regulations. Borders...
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