...01.0 1010100 10001111100 1011100101011100 101100011101001 1011110100011010 00001010010110010 1001010101100111 1111010101000101 1101001101010011 001010010101010 1010101000110010 010101001011000 110101100011010 11010100001011 001010100110 1001010010 10.250.1.0 172.16.1.0 VLSM Version 2.0 Version 1.0 Variable-Length Subnet Mask Workbook 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.96 Student Name: 192.168.10.126 172.31.15.0 IP Address Classes Class A Class B Class C Class D Class E 1 – 127 128 – 191 192 – 223 224 – 239 240 – 255 (Network 127 is reserved for loopback and internal testing) 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 Leading bit pattern 0 Network . Host . Host . Host Leading bit pattern Leading bit pattern 10 110 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 Network . Network . Host . Host 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 Network . Network . Network . Host (Reserved for multicast) (Reserved for experimental, used for research) Private Address Space Class A Class B Class C 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 Default Subnet Masks Class A Class B Class C 255.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 This workbook assumes you already have a background in subnetting. If you don’t you may want to consider completing the IP Addressing and Subnetting Workbook. Produced by: Robb Jones jonesr@careertech.net and/or Robert.Jones@fcps.org Frederick County Career & Technology Center Cisco Networking Academy Frederick County...
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...in the Mainland and Accelerate our success Grow and enhance our Hong Kong core businesses corporate citizen reputation Strengthen our Hong Kong internationally Sharing Our Annual Report 2012 Growth Sharing Our Growth We continue to grow and enhance our core businesses in Hong Kong, while at the same time accelerating our expansion in the Mainland of China and overseas through sharing our expertise in developing sustainable communities based on rail transport. In support of these goals, we are strengthening our Hong Kong corporate citizen reputation by listening and responding to the voices of Hong Kong people. In our Annual Report, we share our progress with stakeholders, and outline our plans for the future. Contents 02 04 06 08 12 23 24 26 40 46 58 66 72 78 84 86 88 MTR Corporation in Numbers – 2012 Hong Kong Operating Network with Future Extensions MTR Corporation at a Glance Chairman’s Letter CEO’s Review of Operations and Outlook Key Figures Key Events in 2012 Executive Management’s Report – Hong Kong Transport Operations – Hong Kong Station Commercial Business – Hong Kong Property and Other Businesses – Hong Kong Network Expansion – Mainland and Overseas Growth – Human Resources Financial Review Ten-Year Statistics Investor Relations Risk Management 89 90 94 112 116 124 125 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 240 Sustainability Corporate Responsibility Corporate Governance Report Remuneration Report Board and Executive Directorate...
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...Video Conferencing Standards and Terminology Video Conferencing Standards and Terminology. There is an ever increasing number of standards, terminologies and buzz-words used within the video conferencing industry that can make understanding what is both available and compatible a minefield. We have the H.300's, the G.700's, the T.120's and the H.460's, not to mention ISDN, LAN, WAN, ADSL, VPN and POTS all mixed with NTSC, PAL and CIF. To complicate matters more, we also have to deal with the forthcoming media-enabled 3G mobile phone and how this links in with existing systems. This document explains what these standards, terminologies and buzz-words mean, how they relate to the various communications infrastructures of video conferencing and how they relate to each other. It is assumed that the reader has a general knowledge of Video Conferencing systems. However, the following technical papers are available to provide more information: * How do I choose a Video Conferencing system? * H.323 Terminals, Gatekeepers, Gateways & MCUs. * Global Dialling Scheme (GDS) for Schools VideoConferencing. * H.323 Dial Plan and Service Codes used by Gatekeepers etc. * IP Ports and Protocols used by H.323 Devices. * Cost Efficient ISDN Conferencing, including Multipoint Access. * H.221 Framing used in ISDN Conferences. International Telecommunications Union & The Internet Engineering Task Force. Telecommunications standards are set by the United Nations...
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...Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China Ezra F. Vogel REFERENCES American Rural Small-Scale Industry Delegation. Rural Small-Scale Industry in the People’s Republic of China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977. Atkinson, Richard C. “Recollection of Events Leading to the First Exchange of Students, Scholars, and Scientists between the United States and the People’s Republic of China,” 4 pp. Bachman, David. “Differing Visions of China’s Post-Mao Economy: The Ideas of Chen Yun, Deng Xiaoping, and Zhao Ziyang,” Asian Survey, 26, no. 3 (March 1986), 293-321. Bachman, David. “The Fourteenth Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.” New York: Asia Society, 1992. Bachman, David. “Implementing Chinese Tax Policy.” In Lampton, ed., Policy Implementation in Post-Mao China, pp. 119-153. Backhouse, E. and J.O.P. Bland. Annals & Memoirs of the Court of Peking. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1914. Bainian chao (百年潮) (Hundred Year Tide). Monthly. Beijing: Zhongguo zhonggong dangshi xuehui, 1997 -- . Barfield, Thomas J. Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell, 1989. Barman, Geneviève Barman and Nicole Dulioust. “Les années Françaises de Deng Xiaoping,” Vingtième Siècle: Revue d’histoire, no. 20 (October-December 1988), 17-34. Barman, Geneviève and Nicole Dulioust. “The Communists in the Work and Study Movement in France,” Republican China, 13, no. 2 (April 1988), 24-39. Barnett, A. Doak, with a contribution...
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... Table of Contents COURSE OVERVIEW 5 Catalog Description 5 Goals and Expectations 5 Learning Objectives and Outcomes 6 Career Impact 6 INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCES 7 Required Resources 7 Additional Resources 7 COURSE MANAGEMENT 9 Technical Requirements 9 Test Administration and Processing 9 Replacement of Learning Assignments 10 Communication and Student Support 10 Academic Integrity 10 GRADING 11 COURSE DELIVERY 13 Instructional Approach 13 Methodology 13 Facilitation Strategies 14 UNIT PLANS 15 Unit 1: The TCP/IP Model, LANs, WANs, and IP Networks 15 Unit 2: TCP/IP Network, Transport, and Application Layers 24 Unit 3: IP Subnetting and Basic Router Configuration 34 Unit 4: IP Routing with Connected, Static, and RIP-2 Routes 44 Unit 5: IP Troubleshooting and EIGRP 53 Unit 6: Subnet Design 62 Unit 7: Advanced IP Routing Topics and OSPF 69 Unit 8: Advanced IP Topics 79 Unit 9: LANs 88 Unit 10: WANs 98 Unit 11: Course Review and Final Examination 107 COURSE SUPPORT...
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...platforms that connect employees customers and suppliers in an digital environment. 2. Telecommunication services (provide data, voice and video connectivity) 3. Data management services that store and manage corporate data 4. Application software services (that provide enterprise-wide capabilities) 5. Physical facilities management services that develop and manage physical installations 6. IT management services that plan and develop infrastructure, coordinate with business units for IT services, manage accounting and provide project management services 7. IT standard services that that provides information which system to be used 8. IT education services that provide training in how to use systems for employees 9. IT research and development services Evolution era’s IS (Figure 5.2!, page 198) 1. General purpose mainframe and minicomputer era (1959- present) =IBM mainframes run by professionals. Changed by minicomputers which was cheaper and decentralized computing. 2. Personal computer era (1981- now) =First real computer. Wintel PC became standard desktop. 3. Client server era (1983- now) =laptops (Clients) are networked to server computer that provides client computer with variety of services and capabilities. Two-tiered/ server architecture is simplest form and split between computer and computer network. Multitierd(N-tier)/ Client/server architecture is complicated and based on different levels of servers. (Figure 5.3, page 199) (Windows is market leader) ...
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...VOICE, VIDEO, AND DATA NETWORK CONVERGENCE VOICE, VIDEO, AND DATA NETWORK CONVERGENCE ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN, FROM VOIP TO WIRELESS JUANITA ELLIS CHARLES PURSELL JOY RAHMAN Amsterdam Boston London New York Oxford San Francisco Singapore Sydney Tokyo Paris San Diego This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.com.uk. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier Science homepage (http://elsevier.com), by selecting “Customer Support” and then “Obtaining Permissions.” Explicit permission from Academic Press is not required to reproduce a maximum of two figures or tables from an Academic Press chapter in another scientific or research publication provided that the material has not been credited to another source and that full credit to the Academic Press chapter is given. Academic Press An imprint of Elsevier Science 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, California 92101-4495, USA http://www.academicpress.com Academic Press 84 Theobald’s Road, London WC1X 8RR...
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...In 2011, PGB is well positioned to move into the new business of regasifying Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), imported from across the globe – ensuring a sustainable supply of clean and green energy for the nation. In our aspiration to be a world class gas and utilities company, we will continue to see beyond the expected as we transform new opportunities into invigorating growth. ANNUAL REPORT 2 011 LNG Regasification Facilities Project PGB will own and operate the country’s first Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Regasification facility which will become commercially operational in 2012. The facilities, strategically located on one of the world’s busiest shipping lane – the Straits of Malacca, will be a key gateway for reinforcing the nation’s energy requirements via regasifying LNG brought in from readily available sources worldwide. Once converted to gas form, the molecules will then be flowed into PGB’s existing Peninsular Gas Utilisation (PGU) pipeline to meet various energy demands. 1 a nnual report 2011 Our Vision, Mission and Shared Values 2 Milestones in the Making 4 Five-Year Financial Highlights 6 Corporate Information 8 Contents Our Operations 10 Our Presence 12 Organisational and Corporate Structure 14 Corporate and Management Directory 15 Board of Directors 16 Performance Review 36 Directors’ Profiles 18 Q&A Q&A with the Chairman 38 Management Committee 26 CEO’s Business Review 48 Management Committee’s Profiles...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1. PRE-AMBLE An extensive review of job satisfaction is conducted to telegraphs their openness to employee input throughout related variables. The second is to genuinely to access what is on their employees’ minds about satisfaction. The performance between departments will be appraised through the survey. Different employees will have different minds about job satisfactions, so that ranks of satisfaction level will be particularly measured regarding organizations commitment and employees evaluations. 1. OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY Job satisfaction is workers’ sense of achievement and success on the job. It also could be defined as the extend of how workers contented with the rewards, particularly for their intrinsic motivation ( Statt; 2004). Job satisfaction importantly to express favorable attitudes and feeling toward jobs, it could be negative and unfavorable attitudes or positive and favorable attitudes. Hence, complicated to measure satisfaction because different people have different meaning of it, especially related with organizations commitment. Every organizations should conduct job satisfaction survey because it may serve as indicators of organizational performance. Through job satisfaction evaluation different levels of satisfaction in different organizational units can be defined, but in turn can serve as a good indication regarding in which organizational unit changes that would boost performance should be made(Aziri;2011)...
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...SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2013 INSIDE THIS REPORT... General Standard Disclosures • • Report Profile Strategy & Analysis: Joint Address By Our Chairman And Managing Director Board of Directors Governance Management Team 001 004 006 007 008 • • • Material Issues • • • • • • Practicing Sensible Economics 2013 Inaugural Flights Environmental Consciousness Creating an Inspiring Workplace Community Friendly Organisation Memorable Airport Experiences 010 013 014 018 024 028 034 038 039 Performance Data Glossary GRI Content Index cover rationale Malaysia Airports is Accelerating its Growth Momentum in tandem with the rise in the global economy. With Asia as the concentration point of global aviation growth, we are in a strong position to leverage on this as we have built up our capacity and capability to compete effectively over the years. Being a global airport company with a dynamic portfolio, we are optimistic of success as we have the fundamentals in place to operate as a world-class airport business. Critical components that support this include an efficient airport network and system, a good working relationship with all the stakeholders, an excellent service capability as well as an ample infrastructure capacity to compete with international industry players. These elements put us in good stead in a highly competitive global aviation market and ensure that millions of users and travellers continue to enjoy access to airport facilities and services that are efficient...
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...Internetworking refers to the industry, products, and procedures that meet the challenge of creating and administering internetworks. The following articles provide information about internetworking basics: * Internetworking Basics * Introduction to LAN Protocols * Introduction to WAN Technologies * Bridging and Switching Basics * Routing Basics * Network Management Basics * Open System Interconnection Protocols LAN Technologies A LAN is a high-speed data network that covers a relatively small geographic area. It typically connects workstations, personal computers, printers, servers, and other devices. LANs offer computer users many advantages, including shared access to devices and applications, file exchange between connected users, and communication between users via electronic mail and other applications. The following articles provide information different LAN technologies: * Ethernet Technologies * Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 WAN Technologies A WAN is a data communications network that covers a relatively broad geographic area and that often uses transmission facilities provided by common carriers, such as telephone companies. WAN technologies generally function at the lower three layers of the OSI reference model: the physical layer, the data link layer, and the...
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...C H A P T E R 43 Chapter Goals • • • • • • • • • Explain IP multicast addressing. Learn the basics of Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP). Explain how multicast in Layer 2 switching works. Define multicast distribution trees. Learn how multicast forwarding works. Explain the basics of protocol-independent multicast (PIM). Define multiprotocol BGP. Learn how Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) works. Explain reliable multicast: PGM. Internet Protocol Multicast Background Internet Protocol (IP) multicast is a bandwidth-conserving technology that reduces traffic by simultaneously delivering a single stream of information to thousands of corporate recipients and homes. Applications that take advantage of multicast include videoconferencing, corporate communications, distance learning, and distribution of software, stock quotes, and news. IP Multicast delivers source traffic to multiple receivers without adding any additional burden on the source or the receivers while using the least network bandwidth of any competing technology. Multicast packets are replicated in the network by Cisco routers enabled with Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) and other supporting multicast protocols resulting in the most efficient delivery of data to multiple receivers possible. All alternatives require the source to send more than one copy of the data. Some even require the source to send an individual copy to each receiver. If there are thousands of receivers, even low-bandwidth...
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...Abstract The paper examines the key factors influencing the adoption of e-business technology by SMEs. To this end, the paper draws on a range of literatures on the diffusion of new information and communication technologies (ICTs), many of which have hitherto been treated as separate. The reasons for this are two-fold. First, e-business technologies are the latest in a line of new ICT technologies. When exploited successfully, ICTs have increased firm competitiveness either by raising the efficiency of internal communication and organisation and/or supply chain relationships, or by facilitating the development of new/improved products and services. Second, it is hypothesised that many of the factors affecting the successful adoption of new technologies are generic in nature. With regards to SMEs specifically, consideration of earlier research may assist us in identifying a set of enablers and barriers to e-business adoption. Hence, by explicitly acknowledging the context and prior history of research in the area, we are able to map out the dimensions of future theoretical and empirical research in e-business adoption by SMEs. In addition to drawing together factors identified by existing research, the paper highlights the implications of network externalities for the timing of technology investments and the returns that accrue to early and late adopters. It also draws attention to a number of problems associated with the analytical concept of ‘the SME’ when it...
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...Indra Kanta Maitra Research Fellow, Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Calcutta, India E-mail: ikm.1975@ieee.org Sanjay Nag Research Fellow, Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Calcutta, India E-mail: sanjaynag75@gmail.com Prof. Samir Kumar Bandyopadhyay Professor and Senior Member IEEE, Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Calcutta, India E-mail:skb1@vsnl.com Abstract Mammography is at present one of the available method for early detection of masses or abnormalities which is related to breast cancer. The most common abnormalities that may indicate breast cancer are masses and calcifications. The challenge lies in early and accurate detection to overcome the development of breast cancer that affects more and more women throughout the world. Masses appear in a mammogram as fine, granular clusters, which are often difficult to identify in a raw mammogram. Digital mammogram is one of the best technologies currently being used for diagnosing breast cancer. Breast cancer is diagnosed at advanced stages with the help of the digital mammogram image. In this paper, a method has been developed to make a supporting tool. This will make it easy and less time consuming for identification of abnormal masses in digital mammography images. The identification technique is divided into two distinct parts i.e. Formation of Homogeneous Blocks and Color Quantization after preprocessing. The type of masses, orientation...
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...Sector • Commercial Sector Processed Gas Exploration, Development & Production Processing Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Condensate • Industrial Sector - Ethylene, Methanol, MTBE, • Industrial Sector Polyethylene, Propylene, Urea and VCM Olefin & Derivatives, Fertiliser & Methanol Crude Oil Condensate Petrochemical Plants • Transportation Sector - Diesel, Gasoline, Jet Fuel • Transportation Sector and Lubricants Jet Fuel, Gasoline, Diesel, Fuel Oil & Lubricants Refining Petroleum Products UPSTREAM 2 PETRONAS ANNUAL REPORT 2014 DOWNSTREAM Our Presence Upstream Downstream Upstream Africa • Algeria – Development • Cameroon – Development • Egypt – Exploration, Development, Production & LNG • Mauritania – Exploration, Development & Production • Mozambique – Exploration • Republic of South Sudan – Exploration, Development & Production • Republic of Sudan – Exploration, Development & Production • Chad – Development & Production Asia Pacific • Australia – Exploration, Development, Production & LNG • Brunei – Exploration • China – Exploration & Development • Indonesia – Exploration, Development & Production • Malaysia – Exploration, Development, Production, LNG & Trading, Technology & Engineering Services • Malaysia-Thailand Joint Development Area – Development & Production, Technology & Engineering Services • Myanmar – Exploration, Development & Production • South Korea – Technology & Engineering Services...
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