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Ambassador of the Republic of Cyprus
H.E. Joseph Joseph

The people of Cyprus are divided into two main ethnic communities, Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots, who respective motherlands can be put together by geography, supported by the same history, ethnic ties, etc. However, no matter how much affinity they have, it is clear as crystal that the Cyprus problem still lasts. Before the dispute started in 1964 Cyprus was the country of 77% Greek Cypriots, 18% Turkish Cypriots, 5% other nationalities, but time has changed and the neither the Greek Cypriots nor the Turkish Cypriots can stand each other.
All these led to the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974. De facto partitioned the island into two political areas; the south went to the 99.5% of the Greek Cypriots which is called the Republic of Cyprus. And the north went to the 98.7% of Turkish Cypriots which is known as Northern Cyprus. Greek is predominantly spoken in the South, where the majority is Greek Cypriots and Turkish in the north, where the majority is Turkish Cypriots.
In the meantime grew the “Enosis movement”, a movement by the ethnically Greek population of Cyprus. They demanded that the regions with majority Greek should brought together as one Greek state. On the other hand, the Turks wanted separation of states between the Greeks and the Turks. This movement was known as “Takism”.
The “Cyprus dispute” grew between the Turkish and the Greek islanders and this went beyond the boundaries of the island of Cyprus itself got itself into external involvement, Turkey, Greece, the United Kingdom, the United States, the United Nations and the European Union.
The Turkish invasion of Cyprus made almost one-quarter of the population to leave north, where 80% of the population was Greek Cypriots. And the same incident took place in the south from where around 60,000 Turkish Cypriots had to leave.
After the invasion of 1974, the United Nations created a buffer zone, known as the "Green Line", to avoid any further tensions and hostilities. This zone separates the government-controlled South from the Turkish-occupied North. the capital of Nicosia is divided and partitioned between the Greeks and the Turks, the Republic of Cyprus and the Republic of Northern Cyprus, respectively. It was interesting because in a way it is repeating the cold war politics again, with a city and its people divided and separated from each other.

Ambassador of Peru
H.E. Eduardo Martinetti
Peru is a country in South America bordered to the north by Ecuador and Colombia, to the east by Brazil, and to the south by Chile and Bolivia.
According to the ambassador of Peru in Greece, Mr. H.E. Eduardo Martinetti, Peru has stable relationships with its neighbors for the last 20 years. However, in the 1980s, Peru suffered a terrible wealth fare war with a political violence, economic instability and bloody terrorist movements. By the end of eighties and the beginning of nineties, the Peruvian economy had fallen into deep recession, which became worst due to the political instability. The communists tried to take over the country which leads to the most severe crises of the 20th century in Peru. For more than ten years the country struggle to find way out of the political and economic desperation.
During the 1990s ``Peru started doing things properly`` (.EMartinetti). This was a time of economic development, modernization of agricultural sector and favorable framework for foreign investments. Today, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Peru has grown up to $160,000 million, which is double the size of the GDP in 1990s.
Moreover, the public debt has decreased, and the exchange rate to US dollars has been stable for the last two years.
Peru have different natural resources such as Copper, gold, silver, zinc, lead, iron ore, fish, petroleum, natural gas, and forestry.

Manufacturing sector is 15.0% of GDP of Peru. Types--food and beverages, textiles and apparel, nonferrous and precious metals, nonmetallic minerals, petroleum refining, paper, chemicals, iron and steel, fishmeal, footwear, chemicals, paper, machinery, furniture.

Agricultural sector: 7.5% of GDP. Products--coffee, cotton, asparagus, paprika, artichokes, sugarcane, potatoes, rice, banana, maize, poultry, milk, fruits, others.
Other sectors, by percentage of GDP: Services (55.6%), mining (5.2%), construction (6.7%), fisheries (0.3%).
Trade: Peru today has access to the most important markets in the world. Major markets--U.S. (16.3%), China (15.5%), Switzerland (11.0%), Canada (9.5%), Japan (5.1%), Germany (4.3%), Chile (3.9%), Spain (3.3%).
Exports--$35.07 billion: gold, copper, fishmeal, petroleum, zinc, textiles, apparel, asparagus, coffee, others. Imports--$ 27.91 billion: petroleum and petroleum products, vehicles, plastics, steel, telephones, wheat, soy oil and soy products, corn, chemicals, commercial machinery, processed food, electronic goods. Major suppliers--U.S. (19.5%), China (16.8%), Brazil (7.4%), Ecuador (5.0%), Japan (4.5%), Colombia (4.6%), Mexico (3.8%).

Meanwhile United Nations proposed the Annan Plan, a proposal to settle the Cyprus dispute of the divided island nation of Cyprus as the United Cyprus Republic (or United Cypriot Republic). A 5th edition/revision of the Annan plan was rejected in a referendum. The proposal also included a federal constitution, a United Cyprus Republic flag and a national anthem. It also provided for a Reconciliation Commission to bring the two communities closer together and resolve outstanding disputes from the past. The Cyprus government also believes that the accession of Cyprus to the EU, will benefit the population of Cyprus as a whole, including the Turkish Cypriot community, and will help bring about peace on the island. To make the stand strong, President Clerides, invited the Turkish Cypriots to appoint representatives as full members of the team negotiating the accession of Cyprus to the European Union.
Cyprus is indeed in a very delicate position and a serious incident might take place any time. And there is a possibility that this will not end within its borders but spread to other nations. According the ambassador of Cyprus to Greece, “Cyrus is still searching for a settlement and we can only hope that it the nation comes a strong hold”.