...The Classical Period The Classical Art Period consisted of ancient Greek and Roman art and fell between the years 900 BC and 31 BC. During the Classical Period, Athens and Sparta were dominant cities in the Greek region. These cities were suspicious of one another, but managed to live peacefully together until the 5th century, BC. Cultural and political differences between the two cities caused a rivalry to form. The rivalry was eventually quelled after a brutal war which ultimately ended in the demise of both cities and the rise of Macedonia as the dominant power in the region. Eventually, the social structure in the Classical Period became somewhat of a democracy and an open society which we have emulated in the United States (“History of Greece: Classical Greece”, 2014). Many other wars occurred over the course of the Classical Period, and this culture of war contributed to the realism of the art of the time. The brutality of war and the effects it had on Greek society inspired artists to focus on man, rational thinking, and logic (“History of Greece: Classical Greece”, 2014). Greek artists in the 5th century, BC began to realistically imitate humans and animals through art (Boardman, 2012). These Greek artists gained a better understanding of anatomy and the human body’s mechanics, giving them the ability to realistically render the human form in multiple positions without appearing awkward. Logic was valued over emotion in sculptures. This means that facial expressions...
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...1. Describe the earlier period. Your description should include the characteristics of the style, and social conditions that may have contributed to the advent of this style. Impressionism: An organized exhibit by a group of artists that called themselves the Anonymous Society of Painters, Sculptors and Printmakers launched the movement known as Impressionism in Paris in the late 19th century approx. 1874-1882 (Samu, 2004). These artists (including Claude Monet, Pierre Auguste Renoir, Edouard Manet, Edgar Degas and Mary Cassatt) ignited a worldwide following; revolutionizing Western conceptions of art and painting. Thought to be a group by the general public and other artists, these painters were very much independent with diverse and varying artistic approaches, although they were unified in their disagreement and rejection of the Académie des Beaux-Arts (Academy of Fine Arts) (Samu, 2004). They were often criticized for their style of work which had a sketch like appearance and unfinished feel to them; although more progressive critics gave praise for their representation of modern life. The ‘subjects’ of their art were oft times commonplace using such settings as recreation and leisure, including landscapes as well. Quick and unstructured brushstrokes were used to portray fluctuation of light. They pursued typical moments in life instead of dramatic scenes, paying special attention to the effects of light and movement using bold color and space as captured by...
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...Art of the middle ages (which lasted from the 5th to the 13th century) was very religious in tone and content, especially in Europe. Art was overwhelmingly funded by the church, as the catholic church was the dominating force in European politics and had a greater influence than the political state. Portraits of the madonna were very common. Paintings were very often produced by members of religious orders such as monasteries. It is interesting to note that most of the art produced was in the form of paintings often done in illustrated manuscripts. The figures in paintings produced in this era were very flat. The colors were very muted most of the time, with the exception of using real gold leaf as an accent. The figures in paintings of the era rarely had shadows and possessed narrow faces with solemn expressions. There was no perspective in art of the middle ages; all of the paintings were flat and one-dimensional. Artists of the era made little to no attempt at realism. There was a fair amount of artistic evolution towards the end of the era. Paintings became brighter in color and tended towards more realistic imagery. Perception began to develop, causing images to look less flat. Paintings began to use different lighting and incorporate shadows. Art in the Medieval era evolved into more realistic imagery. ("Middle Ages Art." Middle Ages Art. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Dec. 2013.) The evolution in art of the later middle ages culminated with the Renaissance era (the 14th to 16th...
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...IWT1 Task 1 Impressionism and Post Impressionism By WGU student In early 19th century, the French government controlled the academies and salons of paintings. The impressionism took place in second half of 19th century, which was results of French artists rejecting the traditional government sanctioned academic painting that was dominating their arts at the time. The first independent art exhibition was held in 1874 for one month. Few of the famous artists’ who participated and help organize this exhibition was Claude Monet, Berthe Morisot, Pierre-Auguste Renior, Edgar Degas and Camille Pissarro along with 25 other artists. They displayed approximately 165 paintings during this exhibit. This group of artists referred themselves as the Anonymous Society of Painters, Engravers, Sculptors, etc. The artists from Impressionism period intentionally painted which captured the nuances of light and beauty of natures. These artists were against painting a picture of moral messages, as the artists of past they mostly painted in studio. Impressionist had very firm understating of color theory, optics, nature of light, and optical mixing (created much more vivid colors in the eyes of the viewers). The invention of photography had profound influence on the artist of the day, the way they handle perspective in the relationship between subject matters in space. The invention of photography essentially freed these painters to become more abstract with their subject matter, they were...
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...FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS, METHODS, & MODES IN THE HUMANITIES – Task 1 A1 - Renaissance The Renaissance period began in Italy around 1300 and spread throughout Europe during the 1400 and 1500’s. This period signified the beginning path to incredible change in customs, ways of life and institutions that had existed in Europe for almost a thousand years. Many of the new ideas of this period still influence our lives today. The beginning of this period the European countryside was broken up into large estates owned by the wealthy nobles. Most people were peasants, who worked the land for the noble owners. All parts of life centered around religion mainly the Catholic Church which was very powerful. Throughout the Renaissance, the large estates were taken over by royalties like kings and princes and built strong kingdoms and national governments. The people began to move from the farm to the cities. The Protestant reformation weakened the Catholic Church and divided Christians into many different groups. (Renaissance Art. 2013). I believe the greatest milestones that came out of the Renaissance are was that of Art and Education. This was a period of rebirth of the classic ideas of ancient Greece and Rome, and at this time, there was a great deal of energy placed on man rather than God. Art of this time used new forms and techniques to show the ideas of this new age. The Art was focused on glorifying man. Renaissance artist were sought-after and gained fame during this...
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...Maloney, Robin 000301434 Literature, Arts, and The Humanities: Analysis and Interpretation IWT1: Task 1 Introduction: During my lifespan I have been very fortunate to visit many countries such as Greece, Ireland, Turkey, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Amsterdam, and England. The architecture of these countries always intrigued me with the ornate, and matter of detail, unlike what we have seen in this country. Therefore, in this paper I will compare and contrast the Renaissance and Baroque period's architecture for those periods. Task A1: The Renaissance period generally covered 200 years from 1400-1600 and followed the Gothic period. The meaning of the Renaissance was “rebirth”. Two components comprised this time; (1) an interest in humanism and assertion of the individual and (2) the revival of classical forms originally from the ancient Greeks and Romans. (Renaissance Art and Architecture, 2000). Many feel that the Renaissance period started in Italy as it was a great location between Western Europe and the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean. Italian cities became the important trade and commercial centers. The Rhine, Danube and Rhone Riverways were valuable routes to transport goods. Cities grew and prospered during this period and the rulers or government learned how to tax people. Removing religion from politics was also a major change during the early Renaissance Period. The new humanists felt that humans should have control over events. They also supported causes...
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...Task 1 IWT1 22 December 2014 In 1874, a group known as the Anonymous Society of Painters, Sculptors, Printmakers organized in Paris, that created the first impressionist exhibition (Samu, 2004). This group championed exhibitions throughout the 1880’s, and it created an awareness that was opposed by the conventional art community throughout France. Claude Monet was an impressionist artist, and he created a work of art known as Sunrise. Claude Monet gave the name impressionism to the art form because a critic of his stated his painting was a sketch or an “impression” (Samu, 2004). Most of the paintings during this era were panoramas or outdoor scenes. My Uncle John is an impressionist painter. He enjoyed this period of art, so he decided to model his style after the impressionist era. He was drawn to this because the artists seemed to create their techniques focusing on light and how it impacted images. The method for this type of painting consisted of short irregular broken strokes with vivacious light and colors, which added breadth to the paintings. The phenomenon of transistorizes was realized through impressionism. When an artist ventures out into the wilderness with his equipment and attempts to capture every detail visible to them they are in a heightened state of mind as compared to an artist who sits in their studio painting (Collins, 2012). There were many changes that took place in the political, economic and...
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...Running head: IWT1* HUMANITIES ASSIGNMENT RIWT Task 1 Tracy Amerson, RN Western Governors University Abstract This paper will discuss and analyze creativity as the continuation of, or as a reaction to, an earlier historical art period. We will be looking at the Romanticism period and the Neoclassicism period. We will discuss the relationships between the two periods as well as the differences and how one period originated in reaction to the other period. ASSIGNMENT RIWT Task 1 Art has revolved around all different eras and periods of time. Art has been around since the beginning of time and has branched off into many sectors. Works of art vary from genres and time periods to specific types. I chose to compare the Romanticism Period and the Neoclassicism Period. The term Neoclassicism refers to the classical revival in European art, architecture, and interior design that lasted from the mid-eighteenth to the early nineteenth century. This period gave rebirth to the art of ancient Rome and Greece and the Renaissance as an opposition to the ostentatious Baroque and Rococo art that preceded the movement. Neoclassicism emphasized courage, sacrifice, nationalism and tradition. Neoclassical artists incorporated classical styles and subjects, including columns, pediments, friezes, and other ornamental schemes into their work. They were inspired by the works of Homer and Plutarch and John Flaxmann’s illustrations for the Illiad and Odyssey. Also...
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...IWT1 Task 1 Romantic and Realist Visual Art Romanticism Romanticism first began as an artistic movement in the early decades of the nineteenth century in France and Britain, it continued to flourish until the mid-century. One of the biggest social conditions that contributed to the Romantic Movement in Europe was the British Industrial Revolution. Manufacturing, business, and the amount of wage laborers began to soar. This period was also largely a revolt against the aristocratic social and political norms. The Romantic Period was significantly associated with liberalism and radicalism, and the long-term effect of nationalism was probably much more significant. Romantics feared the oppression and conformity that they felt was brought on by Enlightenment, and so this period is thought to be a direct reaction to the dominance of it. They strongly believed that no person could ever understand or know everything about human personality or the world. The Romantic Period focused its main emphasis on the imagination and emotion. The romantic artists’ nature gave an alternative to the ordered world of enlightening thought. Romanticism painting is not generally identified with any one single style, attitude, or technique. It is more defined by a highly subjective and imaginative approach, a visionary or dreamlike quality and intense emotions. Romantic artists tried to express with suggestion, states of feeling that were too mystical, or too intense too define. Self expression...
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...IWT Task 1 Western Governors University Literature, Arts and the Humanities IWT1 IWT Task 1 Abstract Artwork is defined as: a painting, sculpture, photograph, etc., that is created to be beautiful or to express an important idea or feeling: an artistic work. (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/artwork) and dates back to the Old Stone Ages. Artists capture certain moments in time and express their inspiration in a vast array of styles, such as; social and political events, religious and mythological depictions, ornate and affluent periods, tangible subjects that portray life accurately and in-motion, cultural movements, abstract images, and pop culture. The two movements that inclined the writing of this paper were; Impressionism and Post-Impressionism. The reason why I chose these two eras is I felt the artists of this time period were brave enough to create what they felt with very little acceptance or approval from their colleagues. Impressionism was developing new creations by changing the subject matter of artwork. It was no longer depictions of history, mythology or royalty; it was now about landscapes and capturing a certain moment in time. The smooth brush strokes of their predecessors were no longer apparent, and this new form of painting entailed; short brush strokes, wet paint applications directly onto the canvas, and juxtaposition. Impressionists liked to focus on capturing the optical effects of lighting and color. Post -Impressionism took it a...
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...Realism into Impressionism: Relationship, Characteristics and Style of the Movements Western Governors University IWT1 Task 1 Realism into Impressionism: Relationship, Characteristics and Style of the Movements Throughout time, people have expressed themselves through art in many different forms. Whether it is architecture, literature, music or visual arts; the art form is influenced by the artist, their experiences, imagination, surrounding cultures and history. Some art movements are a drastic change from previous movements, whereas others carry on characteristics from other movements or revive a movement from centuries earlier. It was not uncommon for different genres to exist during the same time periods. Romanticism, Realism, Pictorialism, Impressionism, Art Nouveau, and Victorian Photography were all movements that existed in the 19th century and early 20th century. (MindEdge 3.03; 2014) Some of these movements were an escape or a rebellion against the norm of mythological or glorified subject matters. Two movements whose painters are often times considered to be members of both genres are the Realism and Impressionism movements, such as Edouard Manet and Edward Degas. However, what influenced one movement was not necessarily the reasons for the characteristics, style or subject choices of the other. Visual art and artists, during the mid to late 1800’s to the early 1900’s, observed many changes take place in France. The changes experienced with the...
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