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Jack Johnson

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Jack Johnson

Boxing is a sport of contradictions: it is as artistic as it is primal and sophisticated as it is raw. The boxer’s must physically possess balletic footwork and brute force, while being emotionally equipped with both high-minded strategy and primordial blood thirst. Most importantly, however, the boxer exists within the ring in solitude. It is in boxing, above all sports, where the individual proves his worth. In early 20th century America, there were two undisputed truths about boxing: the Heavyweight Champion was the most prestigious title in sports, and a white man would hold it. Although slavery no long existed de jure, blacks were in no way free and by no means were they equal. Jack Johnson, a son of slaves, emerged from obscurity in the Jim Crow South to become the first black man to hold the most prestigious title in American sports. But, like the sport of boxing, Jack Johnson was a contradiction himself: although seen as a champion of the black race and enemy of whites, Jack Johnson himself was decidedly race-neutral. His hesitation to join the black community in complete solidarity made him an extremely complicated figure: he was feared by the white community and disliked by his own race. Underpinning this dynamic was his insistence on marrying white women, which made him a traitor in the eyes of the black community and a menace to the natural order of things. Jack Johnson was unique because of his unflagging individualism and his capacity to eschew any restrictions created by his race. This paper will sketch Jack Johnson’s career from his humble beginnings in Galveston to his victory over Jim Jeffries. For the sake of convenience, it will not deal with the events that transpired after the Jeffries fight (his violation of the Mann act and trips to Europe), but instead focus on his ascent. It will be primarily a biographical

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