...Abstract Left blank intentionally. JAMAICA Jamaica is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea, comprising the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles. Jamaica has a long history of census taking, and currently holds a census every ten years. The last census took place in July 2011, which showed a total of 2,697,983 residents in the country. The largest cities in Jamaica with populations as of 2011 are: Kingston (Kingston Parish): 937,000, Portmore (Saint Catherine): 182,000 Spanish Town (Saint Catherine): 147,000, Montego Bay (Saint James): 110,000. Jamaicans of African descent represent 76.3% of the population, followed by 15.1% Afro-European, 3.4% East Indian and Afro-East Indian, 3.2% Caucasian, 1.2% Chinese and 0.8% other. The official language of Jamaica is English. Jamaicans primarily speak an English-African Creole language known as Jamaican, which has become known widely through the spread of Reggae music. The Jamaican dialect was formed from a base of mainly English words with elements of re-formed grammar, together with a little vocabulary from African languages and Native American words. Some archaic features are reminiscent of Irish English. The first Jamaicans were the Taino Indians who settled in Jamaica around 600 AD. They were Stone Age people who had migrated to Jamaica from the northern coast of South America. After living continuously in Jamaica for almost 900 years, the Tainos were wiped out within 50 years of the Spanish conquest...
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...wondered about the relationship of Jamaica and Cuba. Two island countries so close to one another with different ways of governing, how and why did Jamaica not chose the socialism route, in doing my research I found that Jamaica had come very close to doing just that. How would have Jamaica been affected if they did follow in Cuba’s footsteps? Their economy relies heavily on U.S. tourism. Was that a factor in their choice not to follow Castro’s ways? The ties that bind Cuba and Jamaica run deep, according to Brian Meeks, Professor of Social and Political Change at the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica. The interconnections stem from several episodes in their shared history, Meeks said in a recent lecture, as well as from past migrations of people between the two countries. His talk, “Cuba from Due South: An Anglo-Caribbean Perspective,” launched the Center for Latin American Studies’ (CLAS's) new thematic focus on Cuba. An academic, journalist, novelist, and poet, Meeks commenced the talk with a reading of self-penned poem, “Cuba One,” written during the height of Jamaican political turmoil in 1975. “In 1962 a blue//mountain peak showed//a green horizon//to the unsuspecting eye.//standing spyglassed//staring blindly,//thought I'd see a dull grey line//tinged with red and barbed around//the picture framing//captive portraits//hiding from the sunlight//ideologically bound.” Building on the themes in his verse, Meeks recounted his experience as a middle-class youngster at...
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...HND Hospitality Management UNIT 39 - TOURIST DESTINATIONS LO3 -Understand how the characteristics of destinations affect their appeal to tourists. LO4 –Understand issues likely to affect the popularity of tourist destinations. [pic] [pic] Name: Carole Lewis TABLES OF CONTENTS PAGES Details of the topic 1 Name ID number Date of submission Contents page 2 3.1) Compare the appeal of current leading tourist destinations with that 3 of currently developing tourist destinations. 3.2) Evaluate how characteristics of a tourist destination affect its appeal 4 4.1) Analyse issues that affect the popularity of tourist destination 4 4.1) Analyse issues that affect the popularity of tourist destination (cont’d) 5 4.2) Discuss the potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at 5 worldwide tourist destinations 4.2) Discuss the potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at 6 worldwide tourist destinations (cont’d) References ...
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...Contemporary studies in anthropology and sociology of religion speak of 'religions on the move', or the process of transmigration and transculturation, as it refers to dynamic, reciprocal, transitory and multidimensional creations in shaping a 'poly-contextual world'. This implies that religions have to be regarded as cultural and spiritual phenomena whose 'taken-for granted' essence1 has resulted from transcultural and transnational processes of mutual 1 Klaus Hock, University of Rostock, abstract for an essay on the African Christian Diaspora in Europe, January 2002 (unpublished); R. Stephen Warner, and Judith G. Wittner (eds.), 1 influence, interaction and continuous adaptation to new environments, developments and encounters. The emphasis here is on 'a new model of understanding religion which emphasizes process and practitioners over form and content': Religions, including different forms of Christianity, respond to ever changing...
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...Anthropology 210 October 2013 Writing Assignment 1, Question 1 Both the countries of Brazil and Jamaica have similar histories when it comes to black slaves. In the fifteenth century sugar plantations were booming in Brazil and wealth was being accumulated very quickly (McMurray, n.d.). The Brazilians could not rely on the Indians who once inhabited the country for labor, because new diseases were introduced to the Indians so many of them died off. Because of this, Brazilians began importing slaves to Portugal as early as 1433, and throughout the next three centuries over three and a half million slaves were brought to Brazil (McMurray, n.d.). Jamaica had a similar experience. After piracy became a common and almost accepted experience in the seventeenth century, the stolen loot was actually able to fund the development of plantations in Jamaica. The island’s elite imported hundreds of thousands of West and Central African slaves over the next three centuries to work as laborers on the sugar plantations (McMurray, n.d.). Not only do the two countries have a similar history, but also they have a lot in common in their culture and music. Brazilian music has a lot of influence from the African culture and has several origins that relate back to Africa, and a common theme in Brazilian music is resistance. One of the forms of music, Candomblé, was used as a form of resistance, because it aimed to keep Africa and African gods alive in the minds of the Africans that were...
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... 15/5/09 Critical Essay: Jamaican Cinema (focus – The Harder They Come (Perry Henzell, Jamaica, 1971) ‘Representing Jamaican culture on the screen, how The Harder They Come triggered the development of Jamaican cinema.’ The Harder They Come was the first movie made in Jamaica, directed by a Jamaican and with a Jamaican theme. The film opened the country’s eyes to the creation of film and the industry that surrounds it. It also gave the world (particularly the West) its first filmic taste of the cultural, social and historical issues of 20th century Jamaica. It was not only successful in the eyes of its audience but also in the eyes of film critics worldwide. Geoff Parker writes “Indisputably the greatest Jamaican film ever made, The Harder They Come is also one of the finest films yet made about the third world.” (2001). At first glance Perry Henzell appears to be using a narrative to document Jamaican roots Reggae music (especially that of Jimmy Cliff); but although The Harder They Come went a long way towards creating a huge global Reggae following the film had many other underlying issues. Even though most critics (Cham, Parker, Yearwood and others) discuss the film as the one that popularised Reggae music in the West it is the task here to illustrate that The Harder They Come brought Jamaican society and its culture into cinematic visibility. Cinema in Jamaica had only a western and predominantly Hollywood face until the release of The Harder They Come...
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...“Weed makes me fly wid out visa”, are words from a popular song by the renowned dance hall artist Adijah Palmer. This is typical of the messages that are conveyed through the lyrics of many popular Jamaican songs today, but is this the most rewarding use of marijuana? Would the development of a medical marijuana industry prove more beneficial to Jamaica? Would the decriminalization of marijuana in order for such an industry to be enacted be economically viable? Other questions to ask ourselves are, what is Decriminalization and how would decriminalization of marijuana help with enacting a medical marijuana industry? According to the Merriam-Webster decriminalization means “to remove or reduce the criminal classification or status of; especially: to repeal a strict ban on while keeping under some form of regulation”. Marijuana currently is a banned drug in Jamaica and for Jamaica to develop a medical marijuana industry which would therefore means large scale production of the drug for scientific research and medicine production. The drug would have to be legalized on a certain level to facilitate such. Note in the above definition for decriminalization it made mention of the drug being kept under some form of regulation which for this research basically means certain punitive usage of the drug would still be rendered as illegal. The scope of this research paper will cover areas such as, the economic state of the country and its ability to facilitate and withstand such an industry...
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...Rastafari This page intentionally left blank Rastafari From Outcasts to Culture Bearers Ennis Barrington Edmonds 2003 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi São Paulo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo Toronto Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Copyright © 2003 by Ennis Barrington Edmonds The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Edmonds...
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...have promoted extensive, ongoing and intense debate in academia. In assessing the political economy of SIDS it is useful to note not only the factors that give way to development but also the ones that impede it. While a variety of models have been used to describe the development strategies of SIDS, the extent to which some of these models have been able to adequately capture the major constraints to development in Caribbean SIDS is questionable. Having said this, the overarching argument in the discourse which follows is that corruption can be a major hindrance to the development efforts of Caribbean SIDS. In addition to this, an investigation will be launched into the impact that corruption has had on the development of Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. For all intents and purposes, the selected duo consists of one largely homogenous state and one heterogeneous state which will be juxtaposed to determine whether any similarity exists in the degrees of corruption in both countries. The model of democracy which exists in these countries is also crucial in seeking to appraise the link between corruption and development. Some of the hypotheses which will be tested in this research include but are not limited to the following: There is a negative correlation between corruption and development, corruption levels tend to be higher in heterogeneous SIDS that homogenous ones...
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...A study on the influence of Health Tourism in Kingston, Jamaica. Raschell Linton Western Hospitality Institute Lecturer: Odaine James November 3, 2014. Abstract This is a research study of the influence of Health Tourism in Kingston, Jamaica. Medical tourism can be defined as the process of traveling outside the country of residence for the purpose of receiving medical care. What really puts the word "tourism" in health tourism is that people often stay in Jamaica after a medical procedure. Travelers thus take advantage of their visit by sightseeing, adventure or participating in any other traditional tourism activities. This research presents a strategic outline of the influence of medical tourism's growth for health systems. Analysis of the influence of medical tourism on health is also identified. It also conceptualizes the implementing and maintaining Health Tourism in terms of financial benefit, employment, and tourists’ wellness. The environment becomes of great concern where Health Tourism is concerned. Deforestation will be a major factor because Jamaica has to accommodate the amount of tourists visiting Jamaica, thus resulting in cutting down the trees to provide more space and even build more buildings. With this in mind the Government will be taking actions along with strategic planning to ensure this project runs smoothly and effectively, to increase productivity and new and improved equipment. Keywords: Health Tourism, Influence, Maintain, JAMPRO, Tourist...
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...THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY ANALYSIS On top of almost every economy usually stands the Manufacturing industry and has always been the source of growth of most economy. However, for Jamaica this sector's has been impeded by a number of factors including crime, high energy costs, reduced access to affordable raw materials and thereby resulted in a decline in the industry. THE FOUNDATION Jamaica possesses a highly diversified manufacturing industry whose development has been based on continuous investment from other countries, which has produced high-quality products and dominated the country’s export over the last 50 years. A primary force behind the increase in the manufacturing industry resulted from the shortage of goods after World War 11, therefore a lot of the international goods were produced locally. In its early stages of development of the manufacturing industry was overwhelmed with opportunities. With the support of Government, an entrepreneurial class, a local market that could facilitate over 1 million individuals, and labour in abundance, the manufacturing industry was unstoppable. The company was moving so rapid that sectors quickly diversified from sugar and rum into producing a wide range of manufactured products such as garments, processed foods, machinery, and electrical equipment, and this resulted in an impressive growth. Real value increased for the sector increased at an average of 7% annually between 1938 and 1950, and its contribution to GDP increased...
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... | |[pic] | |(It long but I think it could give us a brief history of de patois) | | | |Creole languages are found all over the world on every continent. When two or more languages come into contact to form a new | |language a Creole language is born. Some type of human "upheaval" that forces people to find a way to communicate, without using | |their own languages, stimulates the creation of a Creole language. In the case of Creole languages in the Caribbean, the | |"upheaval" is the past history of slavery. Most Creole languages are based on one language. In Jamaica the African slaves were | |thrown into a situation where the only common means of communication was English, or at least broken English, therefor Jamaican | |Creole has a majority of its roots in English (Sebba 1, 1996). Essential words which people could not find an English name for, | |such as people, things (like plants and animals) and activities (especially religious ones) were taken from a variety of West | |African languages. ...
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...Field Trip Summary Report Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge Submitted by: C. Turner EAS 201, Spring 2012 INTRODUCTION New York City is home to a diverse grouping of species - a varied assembly of organisms, each with its own form, function, and range of desirable living conditions. The CUNY SPS course “The Nature of New York” invites learners to investigate urban ecosystems, and evaluate the relationship between humans, the environment, and the ability of all living systems to do well on the planet. JAMAICA BAY WILDLIFE REFUGE As part of the natural science program, students were offered a guided tour though Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, led by Professors George Jackman and Dr. Kwesi Amoa. Wildlife refuges are generally legislatively-protected territories where nature is supported and meant to thrive without the threat of harmful interference.1 The Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge was developed as part of President Theodore Roosevelt’s efforts to preserve and protect the nation’s natural resources in the early 1900’s. Currently managed by the National Park Service and part of the Gateway National Recreation Area2, the site is well known for its inhabitance of wild birds, and is home to various terrestrial and marine fauna. The park is surrounded by Jamaica Bay, and its landscape features two large fresh water ponds, a salt marsh and seasonal plant life.3 The weather for our winter field trip was mild (low to mid 40’s). The wind was brisk and the sun was shining...
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...Personal Information Born Olive Marjorie Senior on December 23, 1941, in Jamaica; immigrated to Canada, 1991. Education: Carleton University (Ottawa, Canada), B.S., journalism, 1967. Career Daily Gleaner newspaper, Jamaica, reporter and sub-editor; Jamaica Information Service, information officer, 1967-69; Jamaica Chamber of Commerce, public relations officer, 1969-71; JCC Journal, editor, 1969-71; Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, Jamaica, publications editor, 1972-77; Social and Economic Studies, editor, 1972-77; freelance writer and researcher, part-time teacher in communications, publishing consultant, and speech writer, Jamaica, 1977-82; Institute of Jamaica Publications, managing editor, 1982-89; Jamaica Journal, editor, 1982-89; freelance teacher, writer, lecturer, 1989-; University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados, visiting lecturer/writer-in-residence, 1990; Caribbean Writers Summer Institute, University of Miami, Florida, director of fiction workshop, 1994, 1995; St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, Dana Visiting Professor of creative writing, 1994-95; University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, writer-in-residence, 1998-99. Life's Work Jamaican-born journalist, poet, and short story writer Olive Senior is one of Caribbean literature's leading feminist voices. Her works, though written in English, remain heavily influenced by the region's patois, and draw heavily upon its oral storytelling traditions. In both her verse...
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...Jamaica 1 Running Head: JAMAICA Jamaica: Course Project for Diversity in American Society The University of Akron- Wayne College Jamaica: Course Project for Diversity in American Society Jamaica is a beautiful island nation that is rich with a unique and spirited people. The nation has seen its share of hardship that somewhat continues even today. Despite a struggling economy, as well as mass emigration, those that remain have kept many rich traditions alive. In this project, I’d like to introduce you to the nation of Jamaica. It is a very unique nation with an extensive history. However, I will summarize some of the broad facts and information surrounding this country to at least present a rounded image of what Jamaica provides to our world. I’ll begin with a general outline of the demographics, history, and culture. Following, I’d like to approach a few topics that I found to be interesting and also relevant to our course. Localization Jamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, 145 miles in length and as much as 50 miles in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. It is about 90 miles south of Cuba and 120 miles west of the island of Hispaniola, on which Haiti and the Dominican Republic are situated. It has an area of 4,244 square miles, which is roughly the size of Connecticut. Population The population of Jamaica in 2003 was estimated by the United Nations at 2,651,000, which placed it as number...
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