...a common and almost accepted experience in the seventeenth century, the stolen loot was actually able to fund the development of plantations in Jamaica. The island’s elite imported hundreds of thousands of West and Central African slaves over the next three centuries to work as laborers on the sugar plantations (McMurray, n.d.). Not only do the two countries have a similar history, but also they have a lot in common in their culture and music. Brazilian music has a lot of influence from the African culture and has several origins that relate back to Africa, and a common theme in Brazilian music is resistance. One of the forms of music, Candomblé, was used as a form of resistance, because it aimed to keep Africa and African gods alive in the minds of the Africans that were held captive and forced to work as slaves (McMurray, n.d.). Many of the instruments and songs associated with Candomblé originated from Nigeria, and the songs are usually sung in an African language (McMurray, n.d.). Another example of resistance in the form of music is the martial art form called capoeira, where there are songs accompanying it that came from various regions of Central...
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...The Jamaican Maroons were runaway slaves who fought the British during the 18th century. When the British invaded Jamaica in 1655 the Spanish colonists fled leaving a large number of Africans who they had enslaved. | | Rather than be re-enslaved by the British, they escaped into the hilly, mountainous regions of the island, joining those who had previously escaped from the Spanish to live with the Taínos. They were very organized and knew the country well. Because of this, additional runaway slaves joined them. The two main Maroon groups were the Leeward and the Windward tribes, the former led by Cudjoe in Trelawny Town and the latter led by his sister Queen Nanny (and later by Quao). Over time, the Maroons came to control large areas of the Jamaican interior and they often moved down from the hills to raid the plantations. This resulted in the First Maroon War. In 1739-40 the British government in Jamaica came to an agreement with the Maroons. They were to remain in their five main towns Accompong, Trelawny Town, Moore Town, Scots Hall and Nanny Town, living under their own chief with a British supervisor. In exchange, they agreed not to harbour new runaway slaves, but rather to help catch them. They were paid a bounty for each returned slave. This last clause in the treaty naturally caused tension between the Maroons and the enslaved black population, although from time to time runaways from the plantations still found their way into Maroon settlements. ...
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...image and status. Since most of today's consumers, even those in the upper-income strata, are dollar- and value-conscious, price and value will be the key marketing concepts of this decade. Another recent change is the increased emphasis on creative, high-impact marketing promotions that generate restaurant traffic and increase guestroom occupancies. It is hard times but influencing consumer perception is critical for restaurants that not only sell food but also treats or snacks or beverages. Competition is fierce in this category; and innovation and marketing are paramount for survival. Even though customer traffic has slowed, consumers haven't stopped buying good food. 2.0 Situation Analysis Overview There is a lack of quality Jamaican restaurants in the Charlotte...
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...forces people to find a way to communicate, without using | |their own languages, stimulates the creation of a Creole language. In the case of Creole languages in the Caribbean, the | |"upheaval" is the past history of slavery. Most Creole languages are based on one language. In Jamaica the African slaves were | |thrown into a situation where the only common means of communication was English, or at least broken English, therefor Jamaican | |Creole has a majority of its roots in English (Sebba 1, 1996). Essential words which people could not find an English name for, | |such as people, things (like plants and animals) and activities (especially religious ones) were taken from a variety of West | |African languages. | |As a result of patois not being an official language, a name for the Jamaican dialect has not been settled to this day. Common | |names such as Jamaican, Jamaican Creole, Jamaican patwa or patois, Black English, broken English and even baby talk or slang are | |all used to describe...
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...“Toronto Mayor Airs Bloody Cloths” is an article written by Carolyn Cooper and published in the Jamaica Gleaner on January 26, 2014. In this article the author persuasively argues that we are not capitalizing on the rich cultural values of the Jamaican Patois. The author begins by highlighting the infamous Mayor of Toronto Rob Ford whose cursing of two Jamaica expletives have gone viral. Cooper continues that as a result of this a producer from the Canadian media contact her for her expertise in defining the syntax of the language used by Ford. Cooper concluded that a wide section of the international media is intrigue with the use of our language by Ford, yet promoters of tourism, the creative industries and the elite of the society fail to see the value of our culture. The author’s thesis statement is “we don’t appreciate the value of our language as cultural capital”. Cooper uses a combination of cause and effect and spatial patterns writings in his attempt to persuade tourism promoters, the creative industries and the elite in the society, who are his intended audience. He highlighted that the cause of poverty is a lack of economic development. The description of the “home” of the man that he helped contains vivid imagery. While the author’s aim is to persuade he also intends to discredit this lady who has criticized him. He is angry at this lady. He doesn’t think she has the capacity to criticize him on economic issues. He uses simply diction whenever he is addressing...
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...the interview schedule and when were they collected? Formulating Questionnaires: Look at the aims and form questions based on these aims and all the questions must relate to the topic chosen. Summary of Findings This section should provide the information to cover your aims. For example if the aims are to discover: (1) What is the most important Rastafarian symbol? (2) How are these symbols used in the Rastafarian Movement? (3) How has the use of the Rastafarian symbols impacted on Jamaica? You would therefore have to provide information under the following headings for the summary of findings: * Important Rastafarian symbol * Rastafarian symbols and their purposes * The impact of the Rastafarian symbols on the Jamaican society. Simply put, the summary of findings is the information that is researched based on the aims. Analysis and Interpretation of Data In this section you can use diagrams to represent your findings or simply provide a description of their findings. Interpretation is to say in percentage how the respondents answered the questions. For example, the questionnaire asks: “What is the most important Rastafarian symbol?” Questionnaire results shows: Lion 60% Flag 5% Dreadlocks 25% You illustrate this on a chart and speak to each response, as demonstrated below....
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...Canada. The distance from Nova Scotia to Jamaica is 3200km and can be reached by plane or ship. The currency in Jamaica is the Jamaican dollar, which by law has to be used when buying or selling goods and services. This law isn’t watched very closely and the US dollar is used throughout many purchases and is usually accepted. Culture English is Jamaica’s official language but they also have their own language called Patios or Creole. This is a combination of English and certain slang that comes from African languages. Most people in this country understand and can speak Creole but it’s not a written language. Jamaicans are very family oriented; they keep their family close and are supportive towards each other’s needs. They spend most of their time with family and try to maintain relationships the best they can. Their families are the most important thing to them. They stay close to family and friends and don’t have must trust or faith in people of authority. Even though they don’t have trust, the highest position of authority always makes the decisions. When meeting new people it’s usually through the recommendation of friends and family. A large part of Jamaicans lives is religion; they use it everyday while referencing it in their speech. They have the highest number of churches in the world and the most common religion is Christian. Jamaicans, as well as Canadians, also greet each other with a firm handshake. Since they are easily distrusted it takes time to have a...
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...summertime charity event with a Jamaican theme. It will be held at The Barking Parrot located in the Penticton Lakeside Resort just inches away from Okanagan Lake. The event is scheduled for August 2nd, 2014. The event will feature Jamaican music, dancing, games, prizes and ethnic foods. Menu products will consist of chicken, pork, shrimp, lobster, crab and fish because they are compatible with the culture. A combination of dark orange and green vegetables will be provided with all dishes because they are healthy and decorative. A small variety of carbohydrates will also be provided. Yoghurt or vinaigrette based coleslaw will be provided (not mayonnaise based) along with potatoes, rice and bread. Finally, an island spice fish taco will be provided as an alternative to chicken and pork for persons who are vegetarians. The list of food that will be offered at the event are: Main: Grilled Jerk Chicken Jerk Pork Jerk Fish Jerk Lobster Jerk Crab Jerk Shrimp Spice fish taco Options: Vegetables (dark green and dark orange) Brown rice, Sweet potato, Baked potato, Coleslaw, (yoghurt based or vinaigrette) and Bread The Caribbean Night event will be a profitable event for the Barking Parrot because it will bring new visitors and existing residents together in one venue. The event brings females for the dancing, guys will go because there are females, and everyone enjoys a good party. Patrons will buy more drinks beyond the initial Jamaican which will contribute to liquor...
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...Jamaica National Dish Freshman Composition II Shawn C. Forrest Northern Caribbean University Ackee and salt fish has over the years become the national dish of Jamaica, although neither of the two main ingredients is of Jamaican origin. Ackee was brought to Jamaica from West Africa, but it is more widely eaten in Jamaica than anywhere else and as such it has become Jamaica National Fruit. It is an important part of the Jamaican culture; Jamaicans have a special recipe for preparing Ackee and saltfish which have been passed down throughout generations, it is very special to the natives of the island. Ackee is considered to be poisonous unless the pods open naturally on the tree. Salt fish is referred to as the flesh of the cod, it is fresh fish that is salt cured and dried until all the moisture is extracted. The saltfish that is used in the preparation of the national dish is mainly imported from overseas. The steps involed in preparing Ackee and Salt fish are preparation and cooking. Preparation is the first step in cooking Ackee and Salt fish. Preparation is a very important stage as it includes gathering all the essential ingredients that is required to make the dish delectable .To prepare the Ackee it should be removed from the pods cleaned wash and drain. Afterwards it should be place in boiling water and boil for about fifteen minutes or until tender, the water should be enough to cover the Ackee. As you continue drain and set aside the boiled Ackee. If using canned...
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...Medias to select from. While some operate one or two accounts, there are those with multiple social media accounts for example Facebook, Twitter, Tagged, Viber, Whatsapp and so on. These types of media serve many different purposes including the replacement of traditional news forms, keeping in contact with friends and family members and to promote businesses and social events. The reality of it all, however, is that everything has both advantages and disadvantages. In this case we examine the negative effects of social media on the use of Standard English in the Jamaican Classroom. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to emphasize the extent to which the use of social media has contributed to the inappropriate use of the Standard Jamaican English and the poor expression in written language among our Jamaican students. Jamaica has been described as a bilingual society with the Jamaican Creole (JC) and Standard Jamaican English (SJE) being the major and minor languages. However the problem being faced is that while our students have good mastery of the JC, it has become a difficult task to teach them how to use the SJE competently and appropriately. There is continuing concern about the unsatisfactory performance of many candidates in English language examinations at all levels, the inhibitions of many learners who are affected by the ambivalent attitude towards the use of...
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...Background The value of the Jamaican dollar as of mid-2009 climbed to J$89 to the US dollar and settled in that zone for some time before making some gains, returning to J$85 mark in 2010. Currently, the Jamaican dollar is at $121.61 and has been in a declining state since it appreciated in 2009. The primary costs of the falling dollar are higher prices for imported goods and for Jamaicans traveling abroad. On the other hand, the benefit of a weaker domestic currency makes imports more expensive, but this could act as a barrier against imports, thus improving the country's trade balance. Domestic-currency depreciation helps attract more foreign domestic investment. This is so because international companies would find it more attractive to establish businesses in Jamaica (Seaga, 2014). The primary benefit therefore, is increased price competitiveness of Jamaican products, both for exports abroad as well as in the domestic market. The country currently has an enormous trade deficit (importing more than it exports), which represents a significant drag on efforts to spur economic growth and create jobs, and has led to an accumulation of foreign debt that will have to be repaid in the future. Given this trade deficit, the benefits of greater international competitiveness prompted by the falling dollar greatly outweigh the costs. This dollar decline was due to the Government’s decision on October 23, 1983 to devalue the Jamaican dollar to J$3.15 to the US dollar. The local currency...
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...Louise Simone Bennett-Coverley or Miss Lou, (7 September 1919 – 26 July 2006), was a Jamaican poet, folklorist, writer, and educator. Writing and performing her poems in Jamaican Patois or Creole, she was instrumental in having this "dialect" of the people given literary recognition in its own right Louise Bennett was born in [White Town, Jamaica], and attended Shite Prep and Calabar Elementary Schools, St. Simon’s College, Excelsior College, St. George's College Sixth Form Program and Friends College (Highgate, St Mary). On a British Council scholarship she attended the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, where she studied in the late 1940s. After graduating, she worked with repertory companies in Coventry, Huddersfield and Amersham, as well as in intimate revues all over England. Miss Lou was a good resident artiste and a teacher from 1945 to 1946 with the "Caribbean Carnival". She appeared in leading humorous roles in several Jamaican pantomimes and television shows. She travelled throughout the world promoting the culture of Jamaica through lectures and performances. Although her popularity was international, she enjoyed celebrity status in her native Jamaica, Canada and the United Kingdom. Her poetry has been published several times, most notably the volumes Jamaica Labrish (1966), Anancy and Miss Lou (1979). Her most influential recording is probably her 1954 rendition of the Jamaican traditional song "Day Dah Light", which was recorded by Harry Belafonte as "Day-O",...
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...Cultural Immersion Project Part 2 – Jamaican Culture 1. What events did you attend? What happened? [about 250 words] The two activities I attended was a Jamaican community cookout so-to-speak called “Negril on the Green” on March 31st and attended a Jamaican church service with a friend on April 7th of 2013. The Jamaican festival “Negril on the Green” was this huge family cookout on five acres of land outdoors. The event occurs every Sunday afternoon from 12 noon until 2 am the next morning. We brought our own lawn chairs, blankets and coolers with cold beverages and some desserts as well. As we walked to find a spot to sit I could smell the heavenly scents of jerk chicken, jerk pork, and fried fish lingering through the air. The music from the bands was lively although I could not understand all of the lyrics but I clapped along away. While conversing with some Jamaican women, I was told how one woman’s friend was (given a licking), beat by her husband for putting (creamy), relaxer in the child’s hair. So, I inquired does this happen a lot in the Jamaican culture and they all responded, “Yes, if you are married to a Rastafarian.” The second event I attended was a Jamaican church service at “Christ Way Baptist Church” located in Ft. Lauderdale, FL. It was quite interesting the service was a blend of Caribbean and a traditional Southern Baptist style. The sermon was not hard to understand until the Pastors started using terminology commonly spoken among the culture...
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...Analysis of Music Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation One of the advantages of breaking rules and exploring beyond is that one comes out with something that has never been experienced before. For this reason, Beethoven and The Beatles established themselves in the music industry because they created a norm that every new artiste followed. Composers that followed them always tried to be like them. On the other hand, there is a cost in breaking the existing musical rules. People always want to hear what they love from their past musical experiences. Introducing a new genre may not auger well with the popular style. Despite being radical composer, Beethoven actually composed what people liked. R. Murray Schafer has been successful in breaking the musical composition rules. One of his radical music was East, composed in the year 1972. It was totally different from the traditional techniques at that time. It had slow glissandos and the performers sung and hummed on top of playing the instruments. Generally, Murray employed his compositional creativity to challenge his listeners as well as the performers of his music. The spice girls joined the Pop music in the 90s and became successful. Their strength was largely due to the perfect combination of each individual talent and voice in addition to their youthful vigor. Michael Jackson broke the rules of the existing Pop music and introduced a style that was outstanding for four decades. Michael introduced sophisticated...
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...How to make Jerk Chicken There is many ways to make jerk chicken. Jerk Chicken is a Jamaican dish that has become known worldwide. Over the years people have changed the way it is made to make it more convenient to their needs. Today I’m going to share with you the four easy steps to make it right in your own homes. Follow these four easy steps and in no time you will be eating Jerk Chicken like my native Jamaicans. Step one: you’re going to need the main ingredient, the chicken which is the most important part of the dish. Most people like to make jerk chicken with the breast of the chicken but the best part of the chicken to use is the tie area. Step two: the ingredients. One chopped onion, half a cup of chopped green onions, half a teaspoon dried of thyme, one teaspoon of salt, two teaspoons of sugar, one teaspoon of ground allspice, half a teaspoon of cinnamon, half a teaspoon of nutmeg, one teaspoon of black pepper, one habanero (very hot) or jalapeno (more mild). Make sure their chopped fine, two tablespoons of soy sauce, one tablespoon cider of vinegar, and last but not least one tablespoon of vegetable oil. Step two: combine all the ingredients in a food processor; make sure all ingredients are properly processed until a smooth puree is formed. Then put the chicken in a large bowl, and pour over the marinade. Mix the chicken with your hands making sure every piece is properly coated completely, covered and marinated over night in a refrigerator. Step three: after...
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