...English 12 12 December 2011 Paper Assignment #6 James Joyce Strangled by Spiritual Paralysis Stanislaus Joyce once wrote “Ireland [is] a country which has seen revolutions in every generation” (Joyce 510). But what happens when these revolutions seem to come to an end? The Irish defeated British to become an independent nation of devout Catholics. They worked harder than those beside them to keep their families out of poverty, when Ireland became over populated as a result of the Napoleonic Wars. They suffered through the Great Potato Famine, losing many loved ones in the process. The country struggled to recover after each of these tragedies, but with their triumphs brought improvement. Through their devotion to Catholicism, their loyalty to Ireland and their hard work for their family, they survived, but they settled into an unchanging society engulfed by a form of spiritual paralysis as author James Joyce identifies in his writings. Many literary critics have taken an interest in his writings because of the underlying theme of spiritual paralysis in Dublin. Joyce’s brother, Stanislaus wrote “James Joyce: A Memoir”, in effort to defend and explain Joyce’s motivation for using Dublin as the heart of his writing. He describes Joyce as an independent person, often excited by multiple “enthusiasms”, which he was quick to share with the world (Joyce 488). Joyce was not afraid to criticize his homeland if he felt it would bring improvement, which can be seen in his impulsive...
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...miserable human being than one in whom nothing is habitual but indecision (James)." Originally appearing in Dubliners, a compilation of vignettes by James Joyce, his short story Eveline is the tale of such an unfortunate individual. Anxious, timid, scared, perhaps even terrified -- all these describe Eveline. She is a frightened, indecisive young woman poised between her past and her future. Eveline loves her father but is fearful of him. She tries to hold onto good memories of her father, thinking "sometimes he could be very nice (Joyce 5)," but has seen what her father has done to her siblings when he would "hunt them in out of the field with his blackthorn stick (Joyce 4)." As of late she has begun to feel "herself in danger of her father's violence (Joyce 4)." Ironically, her father has "begun to threaten her and say what he'd do to her only for her dead mother's sake (Joyce 5)." Eveline wants a new life but is afraid to let go of her past. She dreams of a place where "people would treat her with respect (Joyce 4)" and when contemplating her future, hopes "to explore a new life with Frank (Joyce 5)." When, in a moment of terror she realizes that "she must escape (Joyce 6)," it seems to steel her determination to make a new home for herself elsewhere. On the other hand, she is comfortable with the "familiar objects from which she had never dreamed of being divided (Joyce 4)." She rationalizes that: "In her home anyway she had shelter and...
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...Throughout James Joyce’s work, he depicts a pervasive theme of paralysis through the characters and realistic stories presented. Joyce believed that Ireland had been frozen by the conflict between Protestants and Catholics and therefore it became an under-developed country. He chose Dublin as it was the ‘centre of paralysis’ and had a particularly dramatic effect in ‘Eveline’ (a story of adolescence). Firstly, to portray Eveline’s dilemma, the window symbolises the parallel between Eveline’s current situation on one side and the world she has the opportunity to explore on the other. She sits at ‘the window watching the evening invade the avenue’ as she ponders her past, present and future life. The personification of the ‘evening’ invading her hometown implies how she feels threatened, after being constrained to a repetitive life for years, the possibility of escape has risen and she is not sure if she wants to give up her predictable life. Despite her indecisiveness, she does not want a ‘life of commonplace sacrifices’ similar to her Mothers. Eveline’s repetitive routine has formed a prison around her, capturing her in an unhappy life she finds difficult to leave, despite her abusive father. Through the first part of the story, Joyce uses a semantic field of verbs: ‘divided’, ‘leave’, ‘running out’ and ‘escape’ to elicit her confusion. Ideas of distance between Eveline and her penultimate decision are instilled upon the reader’s thoughts by the semantic field of uncertainty...
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...An analysis of the Role of Family Disappointment in Joyce’s Dubliners James Joyce, an Irish modernist writer and influential author in the twentieth century, wrote the story collection named “Dubliners”. This collection consisted of fifteen short stories and carried a naturalist style. In “Dubliners”, Joyce rarely uses metaphors, relying on simplicity and attention to detail to create an authentic setting. Joyce often carried hidden similarities throughout each of his novels and poetry. This is seen true within Joyce’s collection, “Dubliners”. A close analysis of “Dubliners” reveals an excellent example of the role of family disappointment as shown in each of the short stories; “Araby”, “Eveline”, and “The Dead”. A direct example or claim of family disappointment can clearly be seen within each of these three short stories. Theses examples will be laid out and explained throughout this essay. Each example having varying circumstance, and outcome. Displayed from the point of view of the characters, to be taken inside their heads, and be shown a different aspect of what family disappointment means to the characters. The theme of disappointment in “Dubliners” is all about the painful experience. Ambiguity so to speak, the misconception of life being grand, only to face the troubles of reality. The characters determine that their own families don’t always have their best interest at heart, that their wives were deceitful, and that the world of business can be bitter...
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...SUMMARY OF EVELINE by James Joyce She sits at a window in her home and looks out onto the street while fondly recalling her childhood when she played with other children on the field now developed with new homes. Her thoughts turned to her sometimes abusive father with whom she lives, and to the prospect of freeing herself from her hard life juggling jobs as a shop worker and a nanny to support herself and her father. Eveline faces a difficult dilemma: remain at home like a dutiful daughter, or leave Dublin with her lover, Frank, who is a sailor. He wants her to marry him in Buenos Aires, and she already agreed to leave with him in secret. As Eveline recalls, Frank’s courtship of her was unpleasant until her father began to voice his disapproval and bicker with Frank. As Eveline reviews her decision to embark on a new life, she holds in her lap two letters, one to her father and one to her brother Harry. She begins to favour the sunnier memories of her old family life, when her mother was alive and her brother was living at home, and notes that she did promise her mother to dedicate herself to maintaining the home. She reasons that her life at home, cleaning and cooking, is hard but perhaps not the worst option her father is not always mean, after all. The sound of a street organ then reminds her of her mother’s death, and her thoughts change course. She remembers her mother’s uneventful, sad, life, and passionately embraces her decision to escape the same fate by leaving...
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...Hades The sixth episode of James Joyce’s Ulysses is based around Leopold Bloom’s thoughts and actions throughout the time before, during, and shortly after the funeral of Paddy Dignam. In R.M Adams’ essay, “Hades: Bloom Alone”, he discusses a “great hollow resonance” (96) that is present when reading this episode and Adams claims “that is the real development of this chapter, the sounding of that resonance, the deepening and darkening in Bloom’s mind of an immense emptiness.” (96,97) Throughout the episode, it is clear to see the isolation between Bloom and the rest of the characters presented. On the carriage ride to the funeral, Joyce makes it clear that the thoughts of Cunningham, Power, and Simon Dedalus are completely different from the thoughts of Bloom. Adams writes that Bloom’s “matter-of-factness often serves to set him apart from his companions.” (98) This is clear when Bloom speaks out that he would rather prefer a quick death than a slow death. Bloom, being Jewish, does not seem to take into account that Catholics fear a quick death as it does not offer a chance to repent. This conversation leads into Mr. Power, unaware of the suicide of Bloom’s father, speaking about the disgrace of having a suicide in the family. It is obvious to see that Bloom is not close to these people and that they have no intentions of being so. However, Adams writes that “Deeper than any of these on-the-whole trivial misadventures, there is the gloomy emptiness of Bloom’s encounter...
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...Essay Question on the extract from ’An Encounter’ and one other story In this extract from ‘An Encounter’ James Joyce marks a growing sense of weariness from the boy in the direction of the old man, as the passage progresses, the boy’s attitude changes from one of naivety to one of marked suspicion and doubt at the old man’s motives for being there. However, due to his innocence and relatively inexperienced life skills, the boy seems to struggle to grasp what other reason the man would have for being there. One example which highlights this point is when the old man queries how often the boys get whipped at school, but despite this question being asked, the boy decides to ‘remain silent’. This response of silence from the boy indicates that there is indeed an element of doubt and confusion inside his head as to why the man wants to know these questions – but instead of perhaps retorting in disgust or walking away as an older person would probably have done, the boy remains where he is, and the conversation continues. Joyce’s description of the boy as ‘Magnetised’ by the old man is interesting; this suggests that the boy is enjoying the idea of listening to this old man who has encountered a lot in his long life, and that at that present point in the extract, the boy does not see the behaviour of the man threatening or in any way unnerving. The boy actually wants the man to stay and talk to him because he is intrigued about what he may have to say – adding to the little boy’s...
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...Not Living Dead If there is one thing that has remained true throughout the time of all human existence, it is that we all must die. However, there are sometimes moments in our lives when we encounter people who are perfectly alive, but could also be characteristically described as dead. In James Joyce’s “The Dead”, we encounter Gabriel who has an epiphany that is considered gloomy on a night that has historically always been “a great affair” (178). In reading about Gabriel’s epiphany, it has served as a sort of warning to me personally, that it is important to take the time out to really enjoy the ununiformed parts of life. The lesson is a warning against working so hard that I wake up one day to find myself dead inside, thus becoming a part of the living dead. Gabriel is a man who considers himself intelligent, in fact, more intelligent than the other guests at the party, and this is further evidenced, as he studied his speech and considered changing parts of it to accommodate those who may not understand his Robert Browning references. “He was undecided about the lines from Robert Browning for he feared they would be above the heads of his hearers” (180). The setting of the story begins at an annual party that his aunts and cousin host, and then veers off to a lonely night in a hotel room. The contrast of the settings is interesting because at the party, Gabriel appears to be this intelligent, comedic guy who his aunts deem important as they felt that he was the perfect...
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...A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Context James Joyce was born on February 2, 1882, in the town of Rathgar, near Dublin, Ireland. He was the oldest of ten children born to a well-meaning but financially inept father and a solemn, pious mother. Joyce's parents managed to scrape together enough money to send their talented son to the Clongowes Wood College, a prestigious boarding school, and then to Belvedere College, where Joyce excelled as an actor and writer. Later, he attended University College in Dublin, where he became increasingly committed to language and literature as a champion of Modernism. In 1902, Joyce left the university and moved to Paris, but briefly returned to Ireland in 1903 upon the death of his mother. Shortly after his mother's death, Joyce began work on the story that would later become A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Published in serial form in 1914–1915, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Mandraws on many details from Joyce's early life. The novel's protagonist, Stephen Dedalus, is in many ways Joyce's fictional double—Joyce had even published stories under the pseudonym "Stephen Daedalus" before writing the novel. Like Joyce himself, Stephen is the son of an impoverished father and a highly devout Catholic mother. Also like Joyce, he attends Clongowes Wood, Belvedere, and University Colleges, struggling with questions of faith and nationality before leaving Ireland to make his...
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...James Joyce: Ulysses James Augustine Aloysius Joyce, better known as James Joyce, was born on February 2, 1882 in Dublin, Ireland. Joyce soon grew to have quite a large family. He was the first of ten surviving children to be born to John Stanislaus Joyce and Mary Murray Joyce. Two of his siblings died of Typhoid. Due to the large number children the Joyces had and his father’s drinking, the Joyce’s gradually sank deeper into poverty throughout Joyce’s young life. As a child, Joyce displayed impressive writing skills and a love for literature and poetry. Dante, Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas and many other great writers and philosophers were among the literary giants that Joyce would occupy himself with. Joyce also showed linguistic talent...
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...The book “Ulysses S. Grant” is strictly a biography written by Steven O’Brien and published by Chelsea House Publishing in 1991. The author writes about Grant's life from his early age to his death. Steven O’Brien includes a detailed analysis of every event that impacted and changed Grant’s life, describing it in an organized and cohesive manner. Grant was not always a man of success and the author does a fair job of showing Grant’s achievements as well as failures because no man is perfect after all. The book presents old information in an interesting fashion, it is great for people that want to learn facts about the life of the 18th President of the United States and develop their own idea about who Ulysses S. Grant was. The author, Steven O’Brien has taught social studies in high schools for over twenty years. He holds a Masters in history from the University of Connecticut and a Ph.D. from Harvard. His historical writings appear in the New York Times Magazine and other well-known publications. In the series World Leaders-Past and Present Steven O’Brien summarizes Grant’s life in every detail and explains very carefully every aspect of his life. He includes many failures as well as achievements and explains the impact of them on Grant’s life. He carefully adds that that Ulysses S. Grant had lived through what was some kind of a mystery to everyone around him but also himself. Steven O’Brien writes; “Ulysses S. Grant was something of an enigma when he lived, and he remains...
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...James Joyce is considered one of the most famous personalities in Irish literature, as well as a central figure of the early twentieth century modernist movement. His innovative use of language was far removed from literary tradition, and Joyce was among the first modern writers utilize the technique of interior monologue (Ryan). It was using new ideas like this, also dubbed the "stream of consciousness" narration, that made Joyce popular as a modernist in the twentieth century (Ryan). Joyce's most well-known book Ulysses, a modernist epic loosely based off Homer’s poem the “Odyssey,” was a retelling of the story of Odysseus in a modern Dublin setting (Atherton). It was revolutionary works like Ulysses that starred in the push of Modernism in literature. James Joyce was considered to be one of the most influential writers in the modernist movement of the early 20th century because of his modernist style in his great work Ulysses....
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...Congressman David Joyce (United States House of Representatives, 2014), stated that David Joyce was born in Cleveland, Ohio in 1957. The biography noted that he graduated from West Geauga High School. It discussed that he met his wife Kelly, also a graduate of West Geauga High School, while running for County Prosecutor, and that she is a nurse. David and Kelly have three children, Trenton, Keighle, and Bridey. The family currently lives in Russell Township in Ohio. Education-wise, after high school, David attended the University of Dayton where he received his BA in accounting, and then his Juris Doctorate. After school, he first worked as a public defender in Cuyahoga County, and then as County Prosecutor of Geauga County. The biography of Joyce noted that he was elected in November of 2012 to the 113th Congress as representative of the 14th District of Ohio, and is currently still serving. The map on the House of Representatives Website showed that the 14th District of Ohio includes Ashtabula, Lake, and Geauga, Cuyahoga, Trumbull, and Summit counties, which are all in Northeast Ohio....
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...In Araby, James Joyce depicts the narrator as a typical preadolescent boy. Outwardly, he acts as most young boys would, venturing through muddy lanes and nearby stables as the narrator describes. Internally, he is self-deceptive, which is shown in his false idea of the adult world and willingness to pursue it. The young narrator is introverted but does not look at himself introspectively, and so he often seems to act irrationally. The narrator’s actions are a result of his naïveté, emotional confusion, and obsessive tendencies. The narrator is naïve in his view of the world and other people. He sees the priest, a former resident of his house, as very charitable for leaving all his money to others in his will, completely overlooking the fact that possessions do not matter to a person after death. He does not understand what the adult world is really like but desires a “grown-up” life. He emulates his own idea of a “grown-up” life in his...
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...Protagonists’ Desire for change In “A&P” by John Updike and “Araby” by James Joyce the protagonists make important life decisions. Both stories are about young men, leading dull lives, who go through a major change, while trying to escape from their lives. In both stories this change takes place while trying to please a female who triggers something inside them, causing them to act. “Araby” is different from “A&P” because it has religious elements as well as a connection through alienation. In “Araby” the narrator is closely following the crush that he has on Mangan’s sister. The narrator makes a kind of gesture to take Mangan’s sister to the bazaar, but she turns it down because of previous plans. Sammy and the narrator are similar in the sense that they both follow their desire for change. ‘Araby’ and ‘A&P’ are stories of unsuccessful attempts to escape from ordinary lives, only in different ways. Both stories end in darkness to prove that alienation can change the way people react to different situations and both show how the characters react towards change. The fate of Sammy from “A&P” surrounds the ideas of self-identity, desire for change and emerging adulthood, whereas “Araby” outlines alienation, desire for change and the dangers of idealization. The reader gets caught by the setting first in both stories. The protagonists describe the neighborhoods and the daily life in the cities that they live in, in detail. Sammy is stuck in the daily routine of the policy...
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